Lecture notes of a night-mooring near maple bridge, a fourth-grade Chinese.

Lecture Notes of a night-mooring near maple bridge, Grade Four Chinese I. Speech Materials:

A night-mooring near maple bridge is a famous poem by Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. In that dynasty when poets came forth in large numbers and almost everyone sang poems in an arty way, not many people were famous only for one poem. Zhang Ji is one of them. Among the complete Tang poems, there are only two under Zhang Ji's name, and we are only familiar with a night-mooring near maple bridge. Therefore, we have to re-examine how such a 28-word poem has been circulated for thousands of years and lasted forever. When we put aside Zhang Ji's creative background and analyze this seven-character quatrain from an aesthetic point of view, we are surprised to find that every image has become a symbol of culture and emotion.

The "moon setting" of "the bright moon sends homesickness" and the thrilling crow "surprised" have become the "voice change" of our hometown of Yao Si and the shock of wandering abroad. Those "fishing fires", which have been rendered more and more dim by Jiang Shuang, make people feel a little "home" through the diffuse cold, soothe the suffering heart during the journey, and at the same time evoke the homesickness of many wanderers. Leng Yue, fishing alone, how lonely, how sad, how secluded! The crow's crow and the bell seem to strike a chord with poets and readers from the deepest part of life. Through the bell of Hanshan Temple, which has been cleansed for thousands of years, we can recite this little poem in our hearts in the dead of night, and we can clearly capture and convey the emotional information of life with a long history from each character. "When is the most lovesick? Frosty Night (Sun Mingfen); "The moon sets in the north of the city, and crying at night makes the boat more heartbroken" (Zhang Ming Qian Wen); After the Tang Dynasty, it became the most charming scenery in the wandering journey of China poets.

Second, the teaching objectives:

In view of the above teaching material analysis and the comprehensive level of students' cognitive development, the following teaching objectives are formulated:

1, in repeated reading, I feel a kind of cultural feelings that have been washed away for thousands of years, and a wanderer's infinite concern for his hometown and family.

2. In the process of deepening the text, we constantly touch the "core" of ancient poetry-emotion, thus enriching, nourishing and giving birth to this cultural feeling in comparative reading.

3. Spiral back and forth between "poetic expression"-"poetry"-"poetic rhyme", so as to cultivate students' effective strategies for learning ancient poetry.

Third, talk about the difficulties in teaching:

Teaching emphasis: The focus of this course is to read repeatedly, understand poetry and accumulate recitation. Lead students into poetry again and again, read their own opinions, read their own understanding, and read their own unique emotional experience.

Difficulties in teaching: Feel the long and heavy culture of China's ancient poems, taste key sentences, touch the pulse of culture by reading poems, and interpret the meaning and rhythm of words with the thickness of culture.

Fourth, talk about teaching philosophy:

1. The key and difficult point of ancient poetry teaching is how to guide students to recite simple poems, so as to touch the cultural connotation behind poems for thousands of years. Therefore, the teaching design of this course strives to guide students to read by themselves, and teachers should put "poetic words", appreciate "poetry" and understand "poetic rhyme" in due course.

2. Emphasize reading comprehension and internalized accumulation. The realm of poetry is the fusion of interest and image. Therefore, in teaching, efforts should be made to explore the interest conveyed by poetry through repeated recitation, imagination, situational dialogue and self-understanding and to implant vivid cultural images in students' minds.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) and learning methods;

The new curriculum standard points out: "Let students realize the richness and broadness of Chinese culture, learn the wisdom of national culture and the nutrition of excellent human culture." This course attempts to build a platform for equal dialogue between teachers and students and create a democratic and harmonious learning atmosphere. In the process of students' independent perception and cooperative inquiry, they should be poetic, poetic and poetic; Under the ingenious and timely guidance of teachers, poetry can be expressed and expressed, thus building a "dialogue" bridge between poets, students and poetry to spread the wind of ancient culture. Therefore, in this class, I mainly adopt the teaching methods of reading, appreciation and appreciation, accumulation and deepening, and timely use multimedia music and picture rendering to guide students to understand and think rationally, melt their feelings in reading and enhance their feelings in understanding.

Sixth, the teaching process:

(a) But I looked home, and the twilight was getting darker-I couldn't sleep.

1. Review and recite Wang Wei's Bird Watching Creek. "People idle osmanthus falls, and the night is quiet and empty. When the moon rises, the birds are surprised, and when the stream is deep. "

Lead cohesion: At night, what Wang Wei left in his heart was a quiet full moon, a quiet mountain stream, and several birdsongs echoed through the valley.

2. Deeply read Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night.

Follow emotions: the same night, the same moonlight, Li Bai's mind is endless yearning for his hometown.

(But at the first seminar on ancient poetry in Yueqing, I talked about it before class because of the current situation of boarding students in Yu Ying schools.

What do you think when the night is dead, such as the silver moonlight shining on your bedside? Such words are intended to awaken students' emotional experience, thus laying a perceptual foundation for understanding the poet's homesickness. )

3. Introduce new courses:

One crisp autumn night, the poet Zhang Ji passed by Suzhou Hanshan Temple by boat. It was getting late, so he tied the boat to the river. Wrote this song "a night-mooring near maple bridge".

Concept explanation: the same moonlight, different feelings; The same scenery, different moods. this is

The reason why China's classical poems can express such rich emotional connotations with the help of simple and common scenery. As the saying goes, "words are endless, meaning is endless." Through the review and reading guidance of Bird Watching Creek and Silent Night Thinking, we can create a cultural artistic conception before class, thus laying an emotional foundation for exploring the cultural implication behind the image of Night Sleeping by the Maple Bridge. )

4. Read the questions and understand the meaning. What do you mean by parking? Berthing generally means that the ship is docked at the shore. Can you use a complete sentence?

Tell me the meaning of the topic? When, who does what. In the evening, Zhang Ji stopped at Qiao Feng Bridge Bank. )

5. Transition: In Zhang Ji's pen, what kind of story did the moonlight leave that night, and how many reverie did the scenery that night evoke for the poet? Let's walk into the Zhangji Night Parking Shop near Fengqiao. Please read this poem three times. The first time, the second time, try to read the change of rhythm, and the third time, try to read the poem with your heart.

6. Introduction:

Check reading aloud, guide the change of reading rhythm, and the cotton tone is moderate.

7. We read and read this poem with a little feeling. But you have to look at pictures to read ancient poems. Please enter the poem again and use the comments below to talk about the meaning of the poem. Think about what kind of scenery you seem to see after reading it.

(1) Communication: What kind of scenes come to your mind? Moon, maple, crow, fishing boat ...

(2) According to the understanding, describe these scenes in your own language, and the teacher refines the image according to the students' speeches.

Default: the moon slowly sinks in the west; Some fishing fires loom; A boat is tied to the river alone; Western jackdaw in the west, who flew away? ...

(3) The teacher showed all the scenes the students saw on the courseware. Please read these words freely, and read the words clearly in front of you again and again.

The moon sinks in the west, crows crow and fly in the frost, and one person is alone in the boat, and the bell rings to catch fire and sleep.

Who will read the first group of words? Follow-up: On such a night, the moon is slowly setting in the west, and you suddenly hear several crows.

How do you feel when fear breaks the silence of the night? -Read the first group of words again.

Who will read the second group of words? Follow-up: Son, what do you see on the white foggy river? Look again.

There is a lonely figure on the lonely boat. Did you get a look at him?

Students, let's walk into this autumn night picture scroll in Jiangnan again with such a mood. -Read the phrases together. keep

Put the rhyme of these phrases into the poem and read the poem again.

Reading, what kind of autumn night map do you seem to see in Jiangnan? Quiet, dark, cold, sad,

Long and beautiful ...)

Concept explanation: The new curriculum standard places great emphasis on students' autonomous learning in the learning process. Therefore, when sorting out the meaning of poetry, we abandon the sentence-by-sentence explanation of traditional ancient poetry teaching, but let students have an overall grasp of the meaning and rhyme of poetry first, and then explore the meaning of poetry independently through annotations. )

8. Once again, walk into the poem and read it. What kind of scenes come to your mind?

(1) Talk about the scenery that appears in front of you: the moon, maple trees, crows and fishing boats. ...

(2) According to the understanding, describe these scenes in your own language, and the teacher refines the image according to the students' speeches.

Default: the moon slowly sinks in the west; Some fishing fires loom; A boat is tied to the river alone; Western jackdaw in the west, who flew away? ...

(3) Show courseware to guide reading the meaning, rhyme and taste of these phrases.

The moon sinks in the west, crows crow and fly in the frost, and one person is alone in the boat, and the bell rings to catch fire and sleep.

Conceptual explanation: The design of this link is intended to turn the images in ancient poetry into visible and tangible scenes through students' independent perception, so as to sow a seed with China culture in children's young minds. Then through reciting, the vague "psychological image" formed in students' minds is clear and clear, so as to appreciate the poet's feelings behind these phrases. )

(B) Jiang waves with a sad mist-sad sleep.

1, in this hazy picture, the poet is alone at the bow watching the sinking moon, facing the cold river wind, how can he fall asleep?

Introduction: "On a frosty night, Jiang Feng is worried about sleeping." Immediately, the blackboard "sleepless".

2, in the face of such a night, how many wandering poets left a soul-destroying poem, comparative reading:

The sentence in Meng Haoran's "Sleeping in Jiande": "When my boat is sailing in a foggy berth, the day is getting darker and the memories of the old days begin."

Yellow Crane Tower from Cui Hao: "But I look home, the dusk is getting dark, and there is a sad mist on the river waves."

3. Read these poems over and over again. What do you think of them? Did you feel their heavy feelings from that sentence? (Write "Homesickness" on the blackboard at once)

Students, the higher level of reading poetry is to communicate with the poet's heart. Please grasp this "worry".

Choose a word and read it over and over again. Reading it makes you feel like a poet.

6. Create a dialogue: Cui Hao, why are you worried? What aroused your homesickness on such a night? (mention

Evaluation: This is a boundless homesickness! This is homesickness that no one talks about! This is the worry of wandering alone in a foreign land! How can such a night and such a scenery not make people sad? )

7, in music, situational reading:

It is such a moonlight, it is such a riverside, and the poet leans against the bow and watches the moon sink quietly in the west-"On a frosty night, Jiang Feng is worried about fishing and sleeping."

This is the mood, this scenery. The poet looked into the distance, but I didn't know when his eyes were wet-"On a frosty night, Jiang Feng was worried about fishing and sleeping."

From sunset to the setting of the moon, the poet's eyes gradually drooped in melancholy. He held the book in his hand, and his tired heart slowly rested-"On a frosty night, Jiang Feng was worried about sleeping."

Design Description: Through the poetry link, let the students have a rich experience of the poet's wandering journey, and then in the deep, slow and slightly sad music, the teacher reads the poem repeatedly in his affectionate language. I don't know whether the image in the poem touched the students or the poet's feelings touched the children. What we expect is that students and poets have reached a kind of "harmony" in their emotions. )

(3) jathyapple fell asleep slightly surprised-insomnia.

1. Question: Can the sleepy drooping eyes of the poet really be completely closed? Can the hazy heart lake really calm down? The soul of a sad wanderer can never really settle down.

The wanderers by the river are struggling to really "fall asleep". Is it difficult for only poets who are wandering outside to fall asleep? Who else is always tossing and turning in the dead of night What dreams will they weave?

Default value:

The poet's wife can't sleep either. How can she sleep peacefully when she misses her wandering husband day and night?

The poet's mother can't sleep either. She is worried about whether the children sleep soundly and eat enough when they go out.

And the poet's best friend, who is worried about when he can talk to his friends.

Follow-up: What do you pray in a low voice when you miss the family and friends of distant poets late at night, and what do you write for your blessings?

Default value:

Wife: "The sea rises and the moon rises, and the horizon is at this time." When will you go home for a reunion?

Mother: Son, it's good to stay at home for a thousand days, but it's hard to go out for a day. You must take care of yourself when you go out alone.

Friend: Zhang, I wish you a high nomination. Your name is full of Kyushu!

Child: Dad, Dad, when will you accompany me to fly kites again?

4. The sleeping poet misses his relatives in his hometown. Relatives in my hometown are worried about the wanderers in the distance. But it's cold in jathyapple, and the wanderer is sleepy —— Reading "On a Frosty Night, Jiang Feng sleeps by fishing and fire"

(Concept statement: just "sleepy" but "unable to sleep". In fact, the poet is not the only one who can't sleep tonight. "On a frosty night, Jiang Feng sleeps." This is the wanderer's yearning for his hometown; "I don't know how many people return home every month, and the moon shakes the river trees." This is the boudoir's concern for her long-distance husband. Through crossing the barrier of space, the poet has a situational dialogue with his family and compiled a multi-dimensional emotional magnetic field, so that students can have a sensory understanding of the image of "hometown", which is gradually forgotten by urban children. The original hometown is the yearning for family, that is, the yearning for everything in the hometown ... At the same time, it also goes deeper into the poet's psychology and explores the deep reasons for "sleepless". He is missing his loved ones, but he also thinks that his loved ones are worried about themselves. )

(d) The bell shattered the homesick dream-sleepless.

1, transition: the night is deep and people want to sleep; Impatient, sleeping in pain.

2. What did teachers and students learn from the poet's heart? What do you feel?

Deep Xiao Ming and frequent bells read together "Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, going to the passenger ship at midnight".

The bell from Hanshan Temple broke the silence of the night, and even broke the poet's sleeping heart.

The poet's sleeping dream! At this time, what comes to mind is the hate of parting, the worry of homesickness, the pain of traveling, and the sadness of frustration. Overhead, there was a crow's cry, and the poet greeted the sad river wind. However, the dream of that night was shattered by the bell floating from Hanshan Temple, shattered the seemingly just-calm heart lake and shattered the just-straightened thoughts. Then he remembered ... yes. ...

In music, students write down words to express their repressed feelings.

5. Communication, evaluation and promotion:

Presupposition: He remembers the look in his wife's eyes when he went out, and he remembers that the child took his little hand at the foot of his coat for a long time.

He thought of his elderly mother making winter clothes overnight, and he thought of what she said holding hands. -Quote Meng Jiao's Wandering Sons.

He looked at the scattered fishing fires in the distance and remembered that his children might be lying in their yard catching crickets, so he couldn't help crying. -Quote Ye Shaoweng's Night Book.

He thought of the fragrant rice in his hometown, the melon and fruit scenery in the garden, and the sight of friends crawling all over the ground with dogwood. -Quote Wang Wei's "I miss my Shandong brothers on vacation in the mountains"

Concept elaboration: effectively integrate curriculum resources and enrich the humanistic connotation of the text. Based on the text, but not limited to the text, actively broaden students' cultural horizons, which embodies the teaching idea of "big Chinese view" put forward by the new curriculum standard. Secondly, through comparative reading, students' cognitive, emotional and thinking systems are constructed in a three-dimensional way to deepen their understanding of the text, so as to have a deeper understanding of China culture behind the images such as "the moon sets, crows, fishing fires and bells". )

6. Render sounds and pictures, and read and understand the cultural bearing behind the images.

I think that up to now, Zhang Ji's a night-mooring near maple bridge has left a vague picture in your hearts.

A blurred picture. Play the concept map, and the concert begins to read:

The moon sinks in the west, crows crow and fly in the frost, and one person is alone in the boat, and the bell rings to catch fire and sleep.

7. Let's walk into this distant and quiet homesick picture of autumn night again in music! The students all recited the night parking near Fengqiao.

8. Conclusion: "When is the most lovesick place? "Frosty Night", "The moon sets in the north of the city and cries at night, and the boat is even more heartbroken".

After the Tang Dynasty, it became the most charming scenery in the wandering journey of China poets. The teacher believes that as you get older, you will have a more real experience of this feeling.

(Design Description: From the sunset township to the river, to the treetops on the moon; From the silent tossing and turning in the middle of the night to the misty sleep of the soul returning to its hometown; From crows and fishing in jathyapple to the midnight bell, the dream of my hometown was shattered. The poet went from "sleepless" to "sleepy", from the cold in jathyapple that made the wanderer sleepy, to the complete "sleepless" when the bell shattered the hazy sleep. A night-mooring near maple bridge not only shows us the most unforgettable "homesickness map" in classical culture, but also describes a lonely sleepless night of a wanderer who is suffering from homesickness through concise poems. It can be said that "sleepless"-"sleepy"-"sleepless"-"sleepless" constitutes the clue of this poem. Therefore, the teaching of this course is based on the eternal theme of "homesickness" and the poet's heart as a clue. )

Seven, said practice design:

1. Recite the poem and ask for dictation.

2. Change your role, think of yourself as a poet, and write down what you saw, heard and felt overnight.

Concept statement: Chinese is a kind of cultural construction. It carries the mission of inheriting Chinese civilization. Therefore, Chinese subjects should pay special attention to reading accumulation. Secondly, Chinese is an extension of life. We appreciate other people's lives when Piwen enters the country, with the aim of enriching our own life experience and our own emotional experience. Therefore, the second extracurricular exercise is to let students know themselves, put themselves in their own shoes, carry out language practice, and strive to embody the new curriculum concept of "Chinese is life". )

Eight, say blackboard writing:

Night berth near Fengqiao

Ji Zhang

Sleepless-sleepless-sleepless

homesickness

Design Description: Link the teaching of this course with "sleep" and set the cultural theme of this course with "homesickness". )