What is dialysis, how to do hemodialysis and how to care for hemodialysis patients?

Skin itching is one of the common and unbearable complications of hemodialysis patients, and it gets worse with the extension of dialysis time, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Improper nursing will lead to skin infection, increase medical expenses and even threaten the life safety of patients.

When PTH rises to a certain extent and cannot be controlled by drugs alone, surgical resection is needed. A large amount of calcium supplementation after operation will bring a certain family burden. Therefore, daily control of calcium and phosphorus levels is very important. Limit the intake of phosphorus in the diet, and pay attention to eating less foods with high phosphorus content, such as animal offal, nuts and chocolate. Chew phosphorus adhesive while eating. When PTH is too high, according to the level of calcium and phosphorus, pulse therapy is carried out.

If dialysis patients consume too much water, the water load will increase, and complications such as elevated blood pressure, pulmonary edema and heart failure may occur. Dialysis is the only drainage method for these patients. If you eat more, you must take off more, and if you take off more, you will have low blood pressure, which will lead to the blood pressure of dialysis patients rising and falling like riding a roller coaster. More importantly, hypertension and hypotension greatly increase the risk of dialysis access obstruction, making it more difficult to establish and maintain vascular access.

How to protect the "lifeline" of patients? As the head of dialysis vascular access sub-specialty in tongji hospital Department of Nephrology, Dr. He Fan, a post-80s doctor, led a team to develop a series of new vascular access technologies in China, which made many patients with vascular failure and unable to establish dialysis lifeline by traditional means see hope.

If renal failure occurs, that is, the kidneys cannot work normally, metabolic wastes, toxins and excess water in the body cannot be discharged, and excessive accumulation in the blood will be harmful to the body. At this time, hemodialysis plays the role of replacing the kidney, expelling these wastes and excess water from the body, reducing the burden on the kidney and restoring the function of the body.

Although hemodialysis can temporarily reduce uric acid in the blood, uric acid crystals deposited in joint cavities and other places will soon dissolve into the blood, so blood uric acid will rise again. In addition, if the root cause of uric acid is not solved by hemodialysis alone, the food-borne intake is not controlled, and the synthesis in vivo is inhibited by drugs, then the uric acid removed by hemodialysis is only a drop in the bucket and has little effect in the long run.

The treatment of skin itching in hemodialysis patients takes a long time and the curative effect is slow. If it is not cured for a long time, it will cause anxiety, irritability, depression and pessimism. This series of psychological problems will aggravate itching symptoms and even affect the quality of sleep. Kidney friends need to correctly treat the problem of skin itching, which is a common complication of hemodialysis patients.

Actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment to avoid being too anxious. You can participate in social activities and physical exercise as much as possible in your spare time to distract your attention and relieve itching symptoms. Wear cotton loose underwear in daily life. The bath water should not be too hot. Generally, it is advisable to take a bath with warm water at 40℃, avoid using alkaline soap and shower gel, and properly supplement nutrients beneficial to the skin.