What should I do if the earthquake comes?

What should I do if the earthquake comes?

What should I do if the earthquake comes? Earthquake is a sudden natural disaster, and most people are unprepared for it. What should I do if I study the knowledge of earthquake prevention and shock absorption, the correct knowledge of shock absorption, and the ability of self-rescue during an earthquake?

What should I do if the earthquake comes? 1 Stay calm.

The earthquake came. Under normal circumstances, everyone was very anxious and suddenly panicked. In fact, this is not correct, and there is no benefit! First of all, stay calm.

Observe the environment

It generally takes about 12 seconds from earthquake to house collapse. First observe the surrounding environment to see if it is suitable to run outside or find a place to hide with the house. This judgment time should be fast. Make a correct hiding choice within 12 seconds, and act immediately after the judgment is accurate!

Internal:

In the building, keep a clear head and quickly stay away from the external wall and its doors and windows. You can choose kitchen, bathroom, toilet, stairs and other small rooms that are not easy to collapse. Never run away or jump off the building. You can't use the elevator. If you are in an office building, hide under the table, don't stand and jump, and try to lower your center of gravity.

External:

If you are outdoors when the earthquake comes, don't run to hide under the house at once, which is not correct. The best way is to crawl forward, find a spacious place without houses and buildings around, squat down and wait for the danger to pass.

0 1, what is the principle of emergency in earthquake?

When an earthquake occurs, it is a good emergency method to avoid nearby, formulate different countermeasures according to different situations, and evacuate to a safe place quickly after the earthquake.

02. What measures should be taken in case of an earthquake?

03. How should school personnel prevent shock?

What is most needed in the earthquake is the calmness and decisiveness of school leaders and teachers. In class, you should hold your head under the teacher's command, close your eyes quickly and hide under the desk. When in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down and cover your head with your hands. Pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous things and don't go back to the classroom.

04. How to prevent shock when living in a bungalow?

Live in a bungalow against earthquakes, act decisively, avoid nearby, or go out in an emergency, and don't rush back and forth. If you are near the door, there are no security guards outside, dangerous houses and narrow alleys, you can run out of the room at once. If you have rushed out of the room, don't rush back indoors in a short time. It is even more wrong to avoid tall buildings and move to a safe place in time to avoid bridges and dangerous rocks and rolling stones. If it is too late to run out of the room, you should quickly get down and lean against the corner of the room, face down, with your head close to the wall, your arms crossed on your chest, your right hand holding your left arm, your right hand holding your right arm, the sunken part above your nose and between your eyes leaning against your arm, close your eyes and mouth, and breathe through your nose. In this way, even if the house collapses, there will be no casualties or suffocation because of the residual walls and furniture support.

How to prevent earthquakes in buildings during the 05 earthquake?

Once an earthquake occurs, it is extremely important to keep a clear head and judge the vibration in time. Don't jump off a building in panic. Secondly, you can hide under solid furniture, or in a corner, or move to a small kitchen and toilet for a while. Because these places have strong binding force, especially where the pipeline passes, the supporting force is good and the seismic coefficient is large. In a word, according to the layout of the building and indoor conditions, we can evaluate the situation and find a safe space and passage to escape in an earthquake. People who are too late to escape because of deep sleep should "lie down and decide" instead of lying on their backs, and turn over to get a chance to survive.

06. What if it is buried?

Move the movable broken bricks and other sundries around you to expand the activity space. Be careful not to use force when you can't move to prevent the surrounding debris from further collapsing; Try to support the rubble with bricks, sticks, etc. To prevent being buried again during aftershocks; Do not use indoor facilities, including power and water. , and don't use open flames; When you smell gas, toxic smell or excessive dust, try to cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes. Don't make a hullabaloo about, save your strength and knock for help.

What should I do if the earthquake comes? 2 1. Shock absorption principle

This is a good way to avoid danger in an emergency when a destructive earthquake suddenly occurs. Of course, if you are on the first floor of a bungalow or building, it is feasible to run directly to a safe place outside.

Note: it is not advisable to take the road and flee at the moment of earthquake!

2, indoor shock absorption principle

The earthquake warning time is short, and the indoor shock absorption is more real, and the triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe living place for people, which can be called shock absorption space.

Survival triangle refers to the space formed by large collapsed bodies and supports. It is easy to form a triangular space indoors. The location is:

1, under the bed edge, near the solid furniture;

2. Roots and corners of interior walls;

3. Kitchen, bathroom, storage room and other places with small space.

3, public places * * * shock absorption principle

Don't rush to the exit in a panic, avoid the crowd and avoid being squeezed into the wall or fence. Whether you can escape depends on whether there is a good institutional guarantee.

Instead of running around, it is better to squat or lie under a row of chairs, avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, and protect your head. In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, subways, etc. , should choose a solid counter or column, squatting in the inner corner.

Stay away from glass windows, doors and windows or glass counters. Avoid tall and unstable shelves or shelves with heavy objects and fragile items. Avoid hanging objects such as billboards and chandeliers.

4, outdoor shock absorption principle

Avoid buildings, especially tall buildings with glass curtain walls; Don't stay above and below overpasses and overpasses; Avoid the dangerous environment on the hillside, avoid the foot of the mountain and steep cliffs, and prevent landslides, rolling stones and mudslides.

In busy streets and buildings, the most dangerous thing is that things like glass windows and billboards fall and hurt people. Pay attention to protect your head with your hands or handbags.

5. The principle of earthquake while driving

Never hide in the car: the car looks solid, but it's just a thin layer and it's fragile. During the earthquake, if you are driving, the car will be like a flat tire, unable to grasp the steering wheel and difficult to drive. At this time, you should avoid the intersection and park your car on the side of the road, and then get off and squat down beside the car immediately.

If you are sitting on a moving bus during the earthquake, you'd better take local materials, grasp the handrail, lower your center of gravity and hide near your seat.

Escape principle 1: "get down, cover and hold tight"

Numerous earthquake rescue cases show that the most dangerous moment in an earthquake is trying to escape from the house forcibly when the shaking is the strongest, or going back to the house to try to save one's companions and some things. These actions will increase the chances of being killed and injured by falling objects.

Therefore, the internationally accepted principle of earthquake escape "crouching, covering and grasping" is still valid at least today.

Escape principle 2: the best route "stop-run-stop"

Earthquakes are actually regular. When an earthquake occurs, the longitudinal wave moves up and down, then the transverse wave swings from side to side, as short as one or twenty seconds and as long as one or two minutes, and then there will be a short calm. The longer the interval, the farther away the source is from you.

When the house is shaking, you can hide in a safe place to think, when it is not shaking, move to the next place and hide in a new safe place before the next wave of vibration strikes.

In short, the best way to escape is to "stop-run-stop" until you go from inside to outside, from unsafe area to safe area.

Escape principle 3: secondary disasters should be avoided.

Anti-shock measures under various conditions

1, if you are in the bedroom

Never get under the machine: after the earthquake, the collapse of the house sometimes forms a triangular space indoors, which is a relatively safe place for people to live. It can be called earthquake-proof space, including small rooms under the edge of the bed, under solid furniture, at the root of the interior wall and in the corner. People used to think it was safest to get under the bed, but hiding under the bed was not the best hiding place.

Avoid hanging objects overhead: Choose a place where there is no hanging object and no power plug nearby, so as to prevent hanging objects from falling and the power cord from catching fire and causing secondary disasters.

Never enter the wardrobe: during the Tangshan earthquake, someone got into the closet and hid. When the rescue team found it a few days later, the person was in good condition, but in the end he choked to death.

Open the door: the hiding place is near the door. It is best to open the door. You can lean against the door frame and hold your head. As soon as the earthquake is over, you should be ready to act at any time and prepare a way to escape.

2. If you are in the living room.

Imagine the living room as a transfer area: after the emergence of a spacious and bright new living room, its functions are also changing and it has become an area for daily reception and leisure. The living room is a place extending in all directions and there is no deposit. In an earthquake, the living room should be regarded as a safe transfer area.

The escape device should be placed in a conspicuous place in the living room: The traditional habit of China people is to lock the escape device deep in the cabinet, but once it is used, it doesn't work. Escape equipment should be placed in a conspicuous place in the living room so that everyone in each room can pick it up and run.

3. If you are in the bathroom.

It's safest here: if you happen to be in the bathroom when the earthquake happens, congratulations, your chances of survival are much greater. During an earthquake, the smaller the room, the safer it is, and the larger the room, the easier it is to collapse. The walls of the bathroom are mostly load-bearing walls, and there are fewer falling objects on the roof, which is relatively safe.

The water source is very important: guarding the water source is a big advantage of the bathroom. In the Tangshan earthquake, some people depended on water for a long time.

People should not get together: everyone knows that the bathroom is the safest, but when the earthquake happens, the whole family should not hide in the bathroom together. Scattered hiding can increase the chances of survival. Because I am not sure where is the safest place in the earthquake, but it is relatively safe. The scattered hiding of people means that there are always people outside just in case, and rescue can be launched immediately after the earthquake.

If you are in a tall building.

Windows far away from high-rise buildings: during the earthquake, the walls of high-rise buildings facing the road are very unstable, so the windows of high-rise buildings should be far away. Nowadays, buildings are generally frame structures, and bricks play the role of wind and rain, but they are not load-bearing. In an earthquake, the frame is often there and the wall is gone. If people hide under the window, they are easily thrown out.

Never take the elevator: never use the elevator when an earthquake occurs. Once the power is cut off, if you can't get up or down, you will get stuck in it and can't get out. In case there is an earthquake when you take the elevator, you can press all the buttons on each floor of the operation panel. Once stopped, leave the elevator quickly and take refuge after confirming safety.

Where to run depends: do you have to run down after the earthquake? The answer is not necessarily. Especially for residents living on high floors, the principle of where to run should be near-near the ground, near the roof and near the roof. In short, "seeing the sky and seeing the earth" can be in contact with the outside world, which is relatively safe. Be sure to take a safe escape route.

The use of escape ropes is grouped: some families have escape equipment, such as downhill ropes, which must be used in the quiet period after an earthquake. I remind you that people who use the downhill rope must be trained, and they need the support of their feet during the downhill process, otherwise it is no different from jumping off a building, except that there is an extra rope.

If you are in a bungalow.

Indoor falling objects are the most dangerous: residents who live in bungalows should immediately hide under the edge of the kang, under the wall, under the table and under the bed if they are indoors during the earthquake. Try to protect your head with things around you, such as quilts and pillows. Due to the small space in the bungalow, there are many things in the house and the height is over, which is easy to cause falling injuries during the earthquake.

Escape from the power line: If you are at the door or window and there are no other dangerous buildings outside the window, you can immediately escape to the open space in the middle of the yard. The wires in the bungalow area are scattered, and the fire rate is particularly high during the earthquake, so special precautions should be taken.

The biggest danger is the street: the road in the bungalow alley is very narrow, and there are self-built houses everywhere. The collapsed house may cover the road, and the road to escape is not smooth. Whether you can escape at this time depends on your life.

The most undesirable behavior: never hide under the beam or by the window. Don't run away and come back for your belongings.

5. If you are in the car.

Never hide in the car: the car looks solid, but it's just a thin layer and it's fragile. During the earthquake, if you are driving, the car will be like a flat tire, unable to grasp the steering wheel and difficult to drive. At this time, you should avoid the intersection and park your car on the side of the road, and then get off and squat down beside the car immediately.

Hold on to the handrail and lower your center of gravity: If you are sitting on a moving electric car during the earthquake, you have to take local materials, hold on to the handrail, lower your center of gravity and hide near the seat.

6. If you are in a public place.

Don't rush to the exit in a hurry: whether you can escape depends on whether there is a good institutional guarantee. After the earthquake, the public places were dark and there were terrible howls. Don't rush to the exit in a panic, avoid the crowd and avoid being squeezed into the wall or fence.

Hide near a big pillar: instead of running around, it is better to squat or lie under a row of chairs, avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, and protect your head. In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, subways, etc. , should choose a solid counter or column, squatting in the inner corner.

Stay away from these places: away from glass windows, doors and windows or glass counters. Avoid tall and unstable shelves or shelves with heavy objects and fragile items. Avoid hanging objects such as billboards and chandeliers.

7. If you are outdoors.

Choose a nearby open space: immediately squat or get down to avoid falling; Don't run around and avoid crowded places.

Avoid tall buildings: avoid buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls; Don't stay above and below overpasses and overpasses.

Avoid dangerous objects, towering objects or hanging objects: pay attention to avoid billboards, street lamps and material stacking places; Avoid transformers, telephone poles, street lamps, etc. You should also pay attention to the vending machine tipping over and hurting people.

Avoid other dangerous places: avoid narrow streets, dangerous old houses, fences, parapets, high doors, under awnings, etc. And pay attention to avoid high-voltage lines and sewers.

Protect your head: In busy streets and buildings, the most dangerous thing is that things like glass windows and billboards fall and hurt people. Pay attention to protect your head with your hands or handbags.

If you are in the wild

Avoid foothills, steep cliffs and steep slopes: If you are in the wild during the earthquake, you are really lucky. But don't be too happy. There are still dangers in the wild. Avoid foothills, steep cliffs and steep slopes to prevent landslides, mudslides and landslides. When encountering landslides and landslides, you should run perpendicular to the rolling stones, and never run down the mountain in the direction of the rolling stones. Quickly find open areas that will not be affected by collapses and landslides to avoid disasters. You can also hide under solid obstacles, especially to protect your head.

What should I do if the earthquake comes? 1. The earthquake happened indoors. How should we save ourselves and escape?

If we are indoors when the earthquake occurs and it is too late to go outdoors, we should choose a relatively safe place for shock absorption.

If you are at home, you can choose to hide under the bedroom bed, bathroom or other solid furniture; If you are in school or office, you can hide under the desk or desk. When avoiding, you can cover your nose and mouth with a towel or clothes to prevent inhalation of smoke.

If we are in a high-rise building (a building with more than ten floors or dozens of floors) during the earthquake, we should take the following measures:

First, open the door, which is easy to escape after the earthquake and easy to accept rescue;

The second is to turn off the power switch and gas valve to avoid secondary disasters caused by earthquakes and reduce the difficulty of rescue;

Third, don't take the elevator to escape, don't jump off a building to escape, and wait for rapid and orderly evacuation after a strong earthquake.

What should we do if we are outdoors when the earthquake happens?

If there is an earthquake outside, avoid it as soon as possible and don't walk around at will.

If we are in a relatively empty place, we should squat in a safe place and don't walk around at will; If we are at the foot of the mountain, we should pay attention to avoid the side of the mountain, because landslides and mudslides may occur after the earthquake; If you encounter landslides and mudslides after the earthquake, you must flee quickly along the direction perpendicular to the direction of rolling stones.

If we are trapped in the ruins after the earthquake, how should we escape?

If we are trapped in the ruins after the earthquake, we should pay attention to the following points:

First of all, we must ensure our living conditions. Try to find food and water as soon as possible to save use; At the same time, reduce activities and save physical strength; If you are injured, try to dress it.

Secondly, we should try to get in touch with the outside world. You can listen carefully to the surrounding sounds and judge whether anyone is there. When you hear the sound, you can knock on iron pipes, walls and other objects to make a sound as a distress signal. But be careful not to shout for help for a long time, because it is easy to consume physical strength.

Secondly, if you can't get in touch with the outside world, you can try to find your own channels. If you can move to a place with light and ventilation, clear some simple obstacles and open a passage. However, it should be noted that if it is too difficult to open a passage (such as time-consuming, laborious, unsafe, etc.). ), you should stop opening and save your strength for rescue.

4. What should I pay attention to if I want to participate in the rescue after the earthquake?

First of all, we should save the people who are near and easy to save. If you find someone trapped around you, you should rescue them in time to avoid unnecessary losses. This can speed up the rescue and expand the rescue team.

Secondly, save "life" first, and then save "people". In the earthquake, in order to rescue in time and increase the strength of the rescue team, we must first ensure the survival of the rescued people, such as ensuring basic breathing conditions, diet and drinking water conditions. At the same time, young people can be saved first, so that they can become a member of the rescue team and strengthen the strength of the rescue team.

5. How to rescue the buried people?

If you encounter a buried person during the rescue, there are several points to pay attention to:

First of all, we must ensure the living conditions of the buried people. In the process of excavation, the closed space should communicate with the outside world as soon as possible so as to inject fresh air. At the same time, let the head of the buried person be exposed to the air first, remove the dust in the nose and mouth, ensure the basic breathing conditions, and then expose other parts of the body. At the same time, in the process of excavation, some water, food and medicine can be handed to the buried people to increase their physical strength.

Secondly, attention should be paid to ensuring the safety of buried personnel during excavation. Do not use sharp digging tools if you are close to buried personnel. In the process of excavation, we should pay attention not to destroy the original supporting structure, avoid collapse, and ensure that it will not cause new harm to the buried person; If there is dust in the process of excavation, it is necessary to spray water to reduce dust in time to avoid breathing difficulties for rescuers and rescued people.

Six, after the rescue, how to treat and escort the wounded?

For the wounded who have just been rescued, we need to blindfold the wounded to avoid strong light stimulation; At the same time, give necessary psychological comfort to avoid emotional excitement; Finally, the wound should be treated in time. In the process of transporting the wounded, clothes, ropes, door panels and wooden sticks can be combined into a simple stretcher to transport the wounded. In this process, if you need to give the wounded water, you must start with a small amount to avoid acute bloating caused by drinking a lot of water, which will lead to serious consequences.

After sending the wounded to the resettlement site, first carefully observe and ask about their injuries, and give them timely treatment:

(Medical staff explain first aid knowledge to students)

If the wounded stop breathing, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out in time; If there is bleeding trauma, immediately directly compress the wound to stop bleeding; Do not move the seriously injured unless there is an urgent danger of expanding the injury; Wrap the wounded with a blanket to keep their body temperature;

For patients with neck and back pain, pay special attention to lying flat, try to lie on a hard board, and ensure that your head, neck and body are in a horizontal position during handling to avoid spinal cord injury;

For the comatose wounded, let them lie flat, tilt their heads backward to one side, and clean up oral secretions in time to prevent their respiratory tract from being blocked;

Do you understand these little knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction? Many people think that earthquakes are far away from them, but they are helpless when they often happen. Everyone should understand these knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, take precautions and be responsible for your own life!