Basic knowledge of sole

There are many kinds of sole materials, including natural soles and synthetic soles. So how much do you know about soles? The following is the sole knowledge I compiled, I hope you like it!

Sole sole

material

The material of outsole is simply natural rubber or synthetic rubber.

(1) Natural rubber: The advantage of natural rubber is that it is very soft and elastic, and can adapt to all kinds of sports, but the disadvantage is also obvious, that is, it is not wear-resistant. Indoor sports shoes mostly use natural rubber.

synthetic rubber

Synthetic rubber is divided into wear rubber, environmental protection rubber, inflatable rubber, viscous rubber, hard rubber and carbon rubber.

Wear rubber (1): wear rubber has excellent wear resistance and toughness and is very durable. This rubber material is generally used on the outsole of tennis shoes.

(2) Environmentally friendly rubber: Also known as reclaimed rubber, this rubber outsole contains reclaimed rubber as high as 10%, mainly for environmental protection.

(3) Air rubber: Rubber contains air, which has a certain damping effect, but it is not very wear-resistant and has not been widely used.

(4) Viscous rubber: Viscous rubber is characterized by good flexibility and very anti-slip, and is generally used for indoor sports shoes.

(5) Hard rubber: Hard rubber is the most comprehensive rubber in the outsole rubber material, which is tough, non-slip and wear-resistant, and has a wide range of natural uses. Multifunctional shoes and basketball shoes mostly use this rubber as soles.

(6) Carbonized rubber: carbon is added to ordinary rubber materials to make rubber more tough and wear-resistant. Most running shoes use this kind of rubber, and the letters BRS will be left on the back of the sole of running shoes, indicating that the outsole is made of carbon rubber.

Rubber outsole

Glued outsole: This kind of outsole is not common. The raw material of this outsole is industrial glue, which is stirred with a blender and then heated in a mold. It is characterized by being soft and very non-slip.

Sole midsole

PHYLON midsole

I don't think many people know about sports shoes midsole, which is the most common PHYLON midsole and EVA midsole. In fact, both kinds of midsole belong to the same attribute category (engineering plastics), but why do they have different names? PHYLON originated in the United States. The earliest shoe midsole was called PHYLON, and there was no distinction between EVA midsole and PHYLON midsole. Later, with the continuous development of footwear products, the name of midsole became more systematic, starting from some well-known brand footwear product R&D factories in Taiwan Province Province and South Korea, so what we call EVA midsole came into being. Let me talk about the difference between EVA midsole and PHYLON midsole.

At present, the most commonly used midsole in shoes is PHYLON midsole. The biggest feature of PHYLON is its lightness, good elasticity and good shock absorption. PHYLON is called secondary foaming. EVA midsole is also very light, but its cushioning performance and elasticity are far less than those of PHYLON midsole, and its cost is far lower than that of PHYLON midsole. EVA midsole is called primary foaming. The reason why the performance is the same, but the name is different, the performance is different, because PHYLON is secondary foaming, while EVA is primary foaming.

(1) primary foaming (EVA): the midsole formed by injecting materials into the mold and heating at high temperature is called primary foaming midsole, that is, EVA midsole.

(2) Secondary foaming (PHYLON): The midsole formed by injecting materials into the mold and heating at high temperature twice is called secondary foaming midsole, which is also known as PHYLON midsole. The hardness of PHYLON is also controlled by temperature. In the process of firing PHYLON midsole, the higher the temperature, the greater the density and hardness of PHYLON. The smaller the heat, the lighter and softer the naturally burning PHYLON will be, so the evaluation of the midsole cannot be measured by the weight or hardness. The hardness of PHYLON will be different with different secondary foaming processes.

(3) Cloth midsole: Cloth midsole is also a PHYLON midsole, which is just a shoe-making technique adopted by designers in pursuit of overall design. The best example is that the midsole and the shoe body use the same fabric, which makes the shoe body and sole combine into a whole, which is also a bright spot in the production process of this shoe. In order to realize this process, the molded PHYLON midsole is wrapped with the selected fabric and fired in the mold at high temperature, which becomes the shoe midsole with fabric texture that we saw in LB 1.

PU midsole

PU midsole: In addition to PHYLON midsole and EVA midsole, PU midsole is also very common. The biggest advantage of PU midsole is its good elasticity and toughness.

Bottom of the bag

Midsole: Sports shoes adopt built-in midsole structure, also called midsole. Like the familiar McGrady series, Nike's style series all belong to the midsole structure. The midsole is composed of an outsole and an upper, but structurally it is still composed of an outsole, a midsole and an upper, but the midsole is wrapped inside the upper.

The insole of a sole.

Insole can also be regarded as a form of midsole. Unlike the midsole, the insole structure is wrapped around the bottom of the shoe, such as FORCE 1. Even the insole structure is not an integral rubber outsole as it looks. Actually, the insole is wrapped in a rubber outsole. This midsole, also called MD midsole, belongs to a kind of EVA foam.

Classification of soles

Rubber-plastic synthetic base

Rubber synthetic sole, referred to as imitation shoe sole, is a kind of high elastic material, which is light and comfortable to wear, noiseless, non-slip and wear-resistant. This kind of sole is based on rubber and added with 10% ~ 30% high styrene, which has good elasticity, high hardness and high rigidity, and its performance is very similar to that of natural leather.

Beef tendon (Jin)

Light yellow translucent sole, beautiful appearance, good elasticity, wear resistance and comfortable wearing. The bottom of the tendon can be made of rubber, plastic or thermoplastic elastomer (TPR).

Polyurethane bottom

From the point of elasticity, comfort and wear resistance, Pu sole is better. Beef tendon is the most expensive compared with plastic. It is made of polyurethane emulsion by machine high temperature foaming. The sole is very light.

Plastic sole

Traditionally, new plastics are different from old plastics. The common raw material is the mixture of resin powder and calcium carbonate to make high-density and high-weight soles. Wear resistance is average. Old plastics are recycled materials, including PVC, leather seat leather, luggage leather and other crushed materials. Pulverized and mixed with carbon black and oil. Old plastics are characterized by light soles and low cost (about one tenth of polyurethane). Finished shoes are often exported to tropical countries.

Leather sole

Leather sole is a kind of sole that can automatically breathe and drive feet to breathe, and can automatically release absorbed sweat to keep feet dry. Its main features are:

(1) good thermal insulation, ensure the proper temperature of the foot in the shoe;

② Light weight, with a weight of 0.95 ~ 1.05g per square centimeter, which is exactly the same as the density of water. Can be waterproof, release when the shoes are no longer wet, and ensure that the shoes are in a comfortable state;