Is an old turtle the same as a turtle?

Tortoise, tortoise is a creature, tortoise. Old tortoise, tortoise, tortoise is a creature. Tortoise and tortoise are different animals. Turtles are hard shells with cracked lines on the shell surface; The tortoise is a soft shell with a smooth surface. The scientific name of turtle is turtle, and some places also call it turtle.

Turtle, also known as; The activity law of soft-shelled turtle can be summarized as four sentences: "It is warm in late spring, climbing on the beach, diving in Liu Yin in hot summer, entering the cave in cool autumn and hibernating in cold weather."

Tortoise shell has thirteen petals, a hard oval head, a hard beak, no teeth, and patterns on the head and limbs.

Turtles (turtle, turtle, Yuan Yu, giant fish, tuanyu ...) have dark green shells, no patterns, soft heads, teeth and long necks, including turtles, water turtles and amphibians.

Turtles are a big category of turtles, and there are many kinds. Most of them are gentle and don't take the initiative to attack other animals (excluding what they think is food). The tortoise, commonly known as Jiao Jia, is a tonic on the table (most people think so). Unlike the tortoise, it is fierce and often attacks other animals when it thinks it will be in danger.

The tortoise's head is pointed, and the tortoise's head is round. The tortoise has a special shell from which the head, tail and limbs can extend and retract. The whole body is box-shaped and can be divided into three parts: head and neck, trunk, limbs and tail. The back of the head is slightly triangular, black or brown-black, the mouth is located in the front of the head, the front of the head is smooth, and the back is fine and scaly. The upper and lower jaws are toothless, and the edge of the jaw is covered with a tough fishy sheath called beak. Nose is located in front of the kiss. Smell and touch are developed. The tortoise is box-shaped, and the whole body is wrapped in a box-shaped turtle shell. Tortoise shell is obviously divided into two parts: the carapace and the abdominal carapace, which are connected by a nail bridge. The carapace and carapace are composed of two layers, the outer layer is the cutin shield from epidermis and the inner layer is the bone plate from dermis. The shield slot between the shields does not overlap with the bone seam of the bone plate, so the turtle shell is extremely strong. Turtles, also known as turtles, are flat, slightly round or oval. The body surface is covered with soft leather. There is dimethyl on the back and abdomen, and there is a soft horny skirt around the slightly convex dorsal nail, while the abdominal nail is flat, and the side of dimethyl is connected by ligament tissue. The back is usually dark green or yellowish brown with warts arranged vertically. The ventral surface is grayish white or yellowish white. The turtle's neck is long and strong, flexible and flexible. The kiss is pointed and prominent, and there is a pair of nostrils at the front end of the kiss, which is convenient for breathing out of the water. Small eyes, on both sides of the head. The mouth is very wide, located on the ventral surface of the head, with horny hard sheaths on the upper and lower jaws, which can crush hard food. There are short tongues and muscles in the mouth, but they can't stretch freely and can only help swallow food. The limbs of Trionyx sinensis are flat and short, which are located at both sides of the body and can be retracted into the shell. Five fingers on the forelimbs and five toes on the hind limbs. There is a developed webbed membrane between the toes of the limbs, and 1-3 has a hooked claw at the end of the toes, which protrudes out of the webbed membrane. Because the turtle has thick limbs and developed webbed membranes, it can not only crawl on land, but also swim in the water. When it catches food, its powerful forelimbs and claws can also tear up large pieces of food, making it easy to bite and swallow. The difference between soft-shelled turtle and tortoise: The simplest way to distinguish is: 1. The tortoise has a hard shell and a soft shell. 2. There are patterns on the turtle's back, and the turtle's back is black without patterns. Turtles don't bite. If you touch the tortoise with a branch or something, it will draw its head back. If the tortoise wants to bite, it will bite if it touches the branch with something like a branch. Turtle's living habits: First, the turtle is a temperature-changing animal, so it is very sensitive to the change of environmental temperature. Its food intake and activity are affected by the ambient temperature. Due to the limited heat produced by turtles' metabolism, they lack the control mechanism to retain the heat produced in their bodies. In order to overcome this defect, the tortoise aims to find a cold or hot place to control the fluctuation of daily body temperature. The artificial microenvironment temperature of the turtle is consistent with the natural habitat, so as to ensure the physiological and psychological health of the turtle. Generally, the suitable temperature for tropical turtles is 27 ~ 38 degrees Celsius, and that for temperate turtles is 20 ~ 35 degrees Celsius. The suitable environmental temperature of semi-aquatic turtle is relatively low. The lethal temperature of some turtles is about 5 degrees Celsius outside the upper limit of suitable temperature. When the temperature is low, the tortoise doesn't move. In order to achieve the purpose of breeding turtles under artificial breeding conditions, the environmental temperature of turtles should be avoided from being too high or too low or fluctuating too much. When the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, the tortoise begins to hibernate. When the temperature rises to about 15 degrees Celsius, turtles start to move, and some even start to eat. Generally speaking, when the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, the feeding and activities of turtles are set to normal values. The temperature of about 30 degrees Celsius is the best temperature for turtles to eat, move and grow. Therefore, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, April to 65438+ 10 is the feeding and activity period of soft-shelled turtles every year; 165438+ October is the hibernation period of turtles. 2. Classification of Turtles According to their living environment, turtles can be divided into five types: terrestrial turtles, aquatic turtles, semi-aquatic turtles, turtles and benthic turtles. The external morphological structure of different kinds of turtles corresponds to their living environment. For example, the toes and fingers of aquatic turtles have enough webbed feet to adapt to deep-water life. Terrestrial turtles, however, have thick cylindrical limbs to adapt to crawling in swamps and land; Turtles living in the sea all have paddle-like limbs and a pair of salt glands, which are beneficial to the secretion of excess salt in the body. According to their food, turtles can be divided into three types: animal turtles, plant turtles and omnivorous turtles. The feeding habits of aquatic turtles are generally omnivorous, such as soft-shelled turtle and mauremys mutica. Semi-aquatic turtles are mostly animals, such as flat-breasted turtles, three-line closed-shell turtles and golden-headed box turtles. Yellow-rimmed box turtle and yellow-fronted box turtle are omnivorous. Terrestrial turtles are mostly plants, such as Burmese turtles and four-claw turtles. Some turtles are hungry and thirsty, but they are not easy to die if they don't eat for several years. 3. Turtles are all oviparous. The breeding season is generally from May to 65438+ 10 every year (except for constant temperature breeding). Eggs are laid on land. The number of eggs laid by different species of turtles is different. Freshwater turtles lay 2 to 5 eggs at a time, and the eggs are white. Having a calcareous hard shell. The eggs of different kinds of turtles are also different in shape and size. The eggs are mostly rectangular and the eggs of turtles are spherical. The turtle's egg hole is usually in a damp and warm place. The egg hole is pot-shaped, with a big top and a small bottom. The hatching of eggs is completely natural light, heat and rain. Turtles have no habit of taking care of eggs. Fourth, water and temperature In order to make semi-aquatic turtles sink into the water, water should be sufficient. Many turtles feed, breed and communicate with each other in the water. For turtles living in ports, the salinity of water should also be considered. For some turtles, the PH value of water should be adjusted to be the same as the water in their natural habitat. The metabolic end product of aquatic and semi-aquatic soft-shelled turtle is urea, and urea secretion leads to a large amount of water loss of soft-shelled turtle. Turtles born in a dry environment lose moisture through their skin. Similarly, turtles can absorb water through their skin. Many turtles drink water directly from pools or jars. Spraying things into the turtle house often helps turtles choose the amount of water they drink freely. The humidity of the turtle house should be close to its natural environment. Too low humidity (70%) will lead to a large number of bacteria or fungi, which is prone to subcutaneous infection. 5. Illumination period According to the natural circadian rhythm of turtles and the activity requirements of 1 year, domestic turtles need regular illumination. The change of photoperiod and suitable living environment conditions are important environmental factors that enable turtles to breed under family rearing conditions. The variation range of photoperiod sunshine in temperate zone is 8 hours in winter and 16 hours in summer. In tropical areas, the sunshine duration fluctuates about 10 hour in winter and reaches 14 hour in summer. Practice has proved that the change of seasonal light intensity is beneficial to the reproduction of artificially raised turtles. It is best to use full-spectrum light and choose fluorescent tubes with spectral characteristics similar to natural light (including ultraviolet rays). Full spectrum illumination can improve the feeding behavior and reproduction of turtles. Incandescent lamps can be used as the light source of turtle houses, but direct contact with bulbs should be avoided to avoid scalding turtles. Conservation lamps can also be used to heat the turtle house locally, but protective measures must be taken to be more than 35 cm above the ground where the turtle moves. Turtle is also called turtle or tuanyu: (1) Morphological characteristics? The shape of a turtle is oval, which is flatter than that of a turtle. It has a soft outer membrane on its back and abdomen and a delicate skirt around it. Its head, neck and limbs can be stretched, and each limb has five claws, which makes it crawl quickly. From the appearance and color, turtles generally have dark green backs and limbs, some have light brown backs and red bellies. The gender differences of soft-shelled turtles are shown in the following table (Table 5- 1). ? (2) Living habits? Turtle is an amphibian, breathing with its lungs, so there should be enough land beaches around or in the center of a fish pond for it to carry out land activities. The living habits of turtles can be summarized as "three joys and three fears", that is, they like quietness but fear shock, yang and wind, and clean and fear pollution. Turtle is very sensitive to the sound of its surroundings. As long as there is a slight movement around, turtles can quickly dive into the bottom mud, so the environment of turtle farms or turtle ponds must be kept quiet. If the turtle is often frightened, it will be very unfavorable to its growth and reproduction. ? (3) Eating habits? Trionyx sinensis is a carnivorous omnivore. Its main foods are small fish, shrimps, snails, mussels, aquatic insects, earthworms and animal offal. It also eats vegetables, grass, melons and fruits. When food is insufficient, the same species will eat each other, so when raising, they must be classified according to size. Turtles of different specifications must not be mixed in the same pool to avoid killing each other and causing losses. Turtle is gluttonous and hungry, and it won't die if it doesn't eat for a long time after eating once. Of course, it relies on its own accumulated nutrition to maintain its life activities, and it must be provided with sufficient food to accelerate its growth during artificial reproduction. (4) growth? Turtle is a kind of temperature-changing animal, which is very sensitive to the change of environmental temperature. When the outside temperature drops below 15℃, the soft-shelled turtle stops eating and hibernates in the bottom sediments (usually from 10 to April of the following year), and the hibernation period lasts for half a year. Therefore, under natural conditions, soft-shelled turtles grow slowly, generally only about100g a year. In order to speed up the growth of soft-shelled turtle, heating measures are often used in artificial breeding to break the hibernation habit of soft-shelled turtle and speed up the growth. ? (5) Reproductive habits? At natural temperature, the soft-shelled turtle will grow for 4-5 years before reaching sexual maturity. When the water temperature reaches above 20℃, estrus mating begins. Once mating, many times laying eggs. The north spawns 2-3 times a year, and the south spawns 4-5 times. May-August is the spawning period, and June-July is the spawning peak. The spawning time is usually in the middle of the night (0 ~ 6 o'clock), which is related to turtles' preference for quiet environment. The way turtles lay eggs is to dig holes and bury them with sand after giving birth, so a sandy spawning ground should be set around the pond.