Talk about Miao Nian

Men are usually cloth shorts. Miao women's dress is beautiful and generous. The big chest coat is embroidered with floral patterns, and the pleated skirt below is like a broken tail, which is very ethnic. The dress of Miao women is the crystallization of the wisdom of Miao people.

Miao women are good at weaving, embroidery and rainbow dyeing, and their craftsmanship is exquisite, which has won praise at home and abroad. Miao nationality is monogamous, and young men and women have traditional social activities before marriage. For example, "meeting girls" is the way for Miao youth to fall in love freely.

Miao people have the custom of nature worship and ancestor worship, and some people believe in Catholicism and Christianity. The traditional festival of Miao nationality is the annual Huashan Festival (held on the fifth day of the first lunar month, also known as "stepping on Huashan Mountain"), which is the most prosperous festival for Miao people. During the festival, men and women dressed in festive costumes get together to sing and perform drum music, lion dance and lusheng, which is very lively.

Love: jumping on the moon is also a favorite activity of Miao young men and women, usually held on sunny days in spring and autumn. This activity is actually a grand gathering for young men and women to choose their spouses. When jumping on the moon, young men and women sing and dance wildly, choose what they like and make love to each other, so it is also called love dance. On a bright night, young Miao men and women gathered in the Yueyuechang, playing lusheng, shaking small bells and singing love songs. Boys lined up in front with reeds, while girls lined up behind with small bells, and began to dance according to traditional rules and movements. Accompanied by lusheng and bells, the team constantly changes its formation and movements, sometimes forming several big circles, sometimes becoming petal-shaped, sometimes shuttling back and forth, and sometimes alternately arranging flowers. Between * * * mixed with girls and boys singing, laughing and screaming, the scene is very warm. When dancing, men and women can talk and laugh, boys can play lusheng for sex in front of girls, and even collide with each other with dance movements to make them happy. Girls can throw flowers wrapped in green towels to boys they like at the dance, not once, but twice or three times. People in the stadium are tired of dancing, so they can sit outside and have a rest. People who were watching and resting outside came to dance again, so they took turns dancing until dawn. During this period, young men and women can eat and drink rice wine in the straw shed outside the stadium, or sit outside and sing to each other, or whisper to their new partners, or invite lovers to express their feelings in a secluded place outside the stadium and form a lifelong alliance. In short, many Miao girls and boys became lovers after jumping on the moon overnight. All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.

3. Several taboos in the etiquette of giving birth to children at weddings and funerals: To participate in the weddings and funerals of Miao people, you should bring some money or things to express your congratulations or condolences like the locals. During the funeral, after receiving the property of the guests, a group of filial sons and daughters will bow down and toast to the guests to express their deep gratitude. No matter how much a guest drinks, he should take a cup, otherwise it will be considered rude.

After giving birth, Miao women are taboo to outsiders, especially wearing rain boots and pregnant women. If there is a pregnant woman at home, hang a broken straw hat in front of the door or insert a green branch at the fork in the road outside the house to show that outsiders are not allowed to enter. If you accidentally break into the maternal home, the host will bring out a bowl of water for the guests to drink. Guests should drink all the water, and remember not to pour out the endless water. If the guest breaks into the maternal home wearing rain boots, the host asks the guest to take off his shoes and take it out when he leaves, and the guest should respect the host's request. People who break into the maternal home within three days after delivery are called "trampling on life". Those who trample on life must give the baby a name, and be the child's michel platini and godmother, which is the custom of Miao people. Out of courtesy, leave some money and things for your children when you leave, and remember this adopted son or daughter later. If the baby cries day and night or is often sick, the Miao people think that a nanny should be found for the baby. There are two ways to find a guardian or nanny: one is to choose a good day and wait at home. The first person to go home within three days is the child's guardian or nanny; The second is to choose an auspicious day, hold a baby, hold a rooster, hold incense, paper and so on. Take a new bridge by the stream bridge and wait for the first passerby. It is said that it is a blessing for each other to bump into the Miao family and ask for a nanny. Guests should not refuse. They should take their children, say some words of blessing, give them a desirable name, accept the host's hospitality, and leave some belongings as a souvenir when they leave.

Hui nationality:

After Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan led the army to capture Dali, many Hui soldiers, civilians and nobles from Central Asia, West Asia and Xinjiang came to settle in Yunnan. The Yuan Dynasty held an important political position in Yunnan, and Ding, who held the military, political, financial and cultural power in the province, was the Hui nationality.

Chinese and Chinese characters are widely used. Housing, clothing, etc. It is also roughly the same as the Han nationality. In addition to agricultural production, the Hui people in rural Yunnan also run small businesses and handicrafts, and their production technology is relatively high.

The vast majority of Hui people believe in Islam, follow the religious rules, do not eat pork, eat cattle, sheep and chickens.

Hui festivals mainly include "two meanings" (Eid al-Fitr), "Eid al-Adha" (Eid al-Adha) and "holy meeting" (holy meeting).

Festivals: Hui festivals mainly include Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Holy Day.

Eid al-Fitr falls on 10/day in the Islamic calendar. September is Ramadan. If you see a new moon on the night of the 29th day of fasting, the next day is Eid al-Fitr. If we don't see the new moon, we will fast 1 day, * * * is 30 days, and the next day is Eid al-Fitr.

Eid al-Adha falls on1February 10 in the Islamic calendar.

Holy day, the time is March 12 in the Islamic calendar.

Etiquette and taboos:

1. Etiquette and taboos in daily life: Hui people are warm and honest, and maintain a good tradition of politeness. When Hui relatives and friends meet, they all treat each other with a happy face and say hello to each other.

Hui nationality is a very hospitable and enthusiastic nation, which has a fine tradition of "frugal housekeeping and generous hospitality" and attaches importance to hospitality etiquette. When the guests arrived at home, the host immediately got up and offered his seat, offering fragrant teas. When the hostess had a pleasant conversation with the guests, she went to the kitchen to prepare a sumptuous meal for the guests. Wash your hands before eating. Sit down, humble old man, as if they were sitting. Before serving, the host must serve a bowl of tea. When pouring tea, open the lid of the bowl in front of the guests, then fill it with water and cover it with your hands. Doing so, on the one hand, shows that this cup of tea is not the leftover tea that others have drunk, on the other hand, it is also a respect for the guests. Guests should stand up and pick up the teacups with both hands. When eating, the elders at the table should move chopsticks first before others can eat. During dinner, don't swear, be picky about food, don't blow into the bowl, and don't stir the bowl with chopsticks. Eat small mouthfuls. When drinking, don't swallow, don't gulp the cup, and drink slowly. When guests say goodbye, Hui people always smile all over their faces, let them leave again and again, and always send the guests out of their own doors. In Hui villages, when someone invites you to be a guest, you should promise him, but you can't refuse. Special circumstances can not be invited, to explain the reasons, thank you.

Hui people have many dietary taboos, mainly including: smoking is not allowed in mosques. Don't eat pork and any wild animals with canine teeth that prey on other animals, don't eat animal carcasses, and don't eat animal blood. No drinking. Linguistically, avoid saying "fat" to edible livestock and poultry, but say "strong"; Avoid saying "kill" and say "kill"; Avoid saying "meat" but "vegetables", such as "beef dishes" and "sheep dishes". Don't compare each other with taboos.

Some taboos and etiquette contained in the cultural phenomenon of Hui folk houses reveal the inner details of the spiritual world of Hui people in Yunnan. In many Hui families, especially in the rooms where the elderly live, there are absolutely no pictures or sculptures of any people or animals. Hui people definitely don't look at Yin and Yang Feng Shui when building houses. At most, they can choose the orientation of the house: for example, they prefer to sit with the north facing south and the shade facing the sun, prefer flat, spacious and dry, and avoid low-lying and humid places that are easily washed away by mountain torrents. Generally speaking, it is forbidden to open the door to the west, but it is not absolute. In some cases (limited by terrain), it can be flexible. The distribution of the interior layout of Hui folk houses reflects the "west is expensive", the west room is usually occupied by the elderly, and the west wall is the place where the elderly face when they worship at home. Old people go to church. Don't let others pass in front of the old people who are praying.

2. Etiquette and taboos in festivals and sacrificial activities: Hui festivals mainly include Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Holy Day.

Eid al-Fitr, in Isji's soup, what if it is near the station? If you see the new moon on the evening of the 9 th, the next day is Eid al-Fitr; If we don't see the new moon, we will fast 1 day, * * * is 30 days, and the next day is Eid al-Fitr.

Eid al-Adha falls on1February 10 in the Islamic calendar. Holy day, the time is March 12 in the Islamic calendar.

3. Etiquette and taboos in weddings, funerals, and childbirth: Hui people generally practice intra-ethnic marriage, and those who marry other ethnic groups are required to live according to Hui customs in principle. Ramadan is generally not married.

Hui people call people's death "returning to the truth" and carry out burial, quick burial and thin burial. During burial, relatives and friends compete for the "golden box", and they don't wear mourning clothes, Dai Xiao hats, black veil, cry, set off firecrackers or engage in mourning activities.

Buyi people entered the feudal lords system as early as the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. From the early Qing Dynasty to the 1950s, feudal local economy became the main economic form.

Buyi people worship their ancestors, and some believe in Christianity and Catholicism. Buyi marriage is basically monogamous.

Besides the Spring Festival, Duanyang and Mid-Autumn Festival, which are the same as those of the Han nationality, there are also festivals full of national characteristics such as February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th, June 6th and June 24th.

Buyi women are good at weaving and embroidery, and batik technology has a history of thousands of years, with simple colors and unique patterns, which are deeply welcomed by people of all ethnic groups.