Talk about the differences between kings and emperors, queens and queens.

The so-called "king" is the result of the natural evolution of tribes and tribal alliances. At the time of Dayu, there were countries all over the world. During the cutting week, 800 governors were stationed. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Cheng enfeoffed hundreds of governors (Eastern Zhou enfeoffed Qin). The enfeoffment country is relatively independent, and only pays tribute to the emperors (Xia, Shang and Zhou) and does not interfere in the internal affairs of enfeoffment. The social nature at this time was feudal society. (History textbooks use Guo Moruo's statement that Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were slave societies, and then from Qin to Qing dynasties were feudal societies, which is wrong. China has no slave society).

In feudal society (that is, before the Qin Dynasty), although there were three dynasties of Xia, Shang and Zhou, they were all multi-ethnic and the remnants of tribal alliances. Everyone has his own master. Later, because of the constant conflict, they elected the most powerful tribal leader or * * * Lord. This boss or * * owner only has the right of arbitration, but has no power of life and death. The monarchs of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties-the most powerful tribal alliance (then called the son of heaven, the rest called the princes)-were one of the many countries in arbitration at that time. ! To understand this, we must get rid of the mindset! ! ! Don't think that everything you have now used to be there, and many of them are not! !

During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, many countries that coexisted with the Kingdom of Heaven only nominally recognized Xia, Shang and Zhou's position as the boss (the historical materials of Xia are relatively scarce, so I dare not say more; The Shang Dynasty had at least the Zhou Dynasty, as well as other countries such as the People's Party, the Ghost Party and the Qiang Party. They are really independent, and the eldest brother only symbolically sealed his younger brother's dream in one place or another (in fact, that is his own place and sphere of influence, just showing the kindness of the eldest brother). These younger brothers just need to pay tribute to their eldest brother on time and according to the standard, as to how to rule their subjects on their own territory. ! Of course, if a younger brother doesn't pay tribute, the boss will lead other younger brothers to beat him, but he will never interfere in internal affairs. Between the boss and the younger brother, and between the younger brother and the younger brother, we should always ask each other questions, just like visiting relatives.

In China, the officials and people of the eldest brother and the younger brother are different from those of later generations. The place where the capital is located is called "Guo" (yes, the country only included the vicinity of the blocked city at the earliest), and the rest is called "Wild", which is completely separated. The eldest brother's country has ministers, doctors and scholars below the son of heaven, and the younger brother's country is similar. At first, there may be no ministers (later). However, the minister of the big brother country is equivalent to the king of the little brother country, the doctor of the big brother country is equivalent to the minister of the vassal country, and the taxi of the big brother country is equivalent to the doctor of the little brother country. These scholars, doctors and Qing are the whole ruling class, or nobles. They inherited the official position of their ancestors in their childhood. Of course, there are also sects, large and small, limited by space. They are completely rural people (referring to the walled city area), and the wild people are not qualified to be officials. In fact, they are illiterate and uneducated, so they can only farm, and they are not even qualified to be soldiers. The countryside is completely isolated from the wild. . . . . The connection between the country and the wild is basically limited to the ruling class that manages the land cultivated in Man Zi (that is, the nobles such as Qing Dafu and scholars). Of course, due to the constant enfeoffment of children by nobles (fiefs are called fiefs), there were other cities besides the capital, but at that time, both the capital and fiefs were very small, and there were few links between countries and domestic fiefs and the capital, which were basically limited to mutual employment and relief. Our ancestors lived in such a peaceful, idyllic and peaceful small country for thousands of years or even longer. . . . . . .

With the development of social productive forces and the surge of population, countries are constantly exploring and cultivating, and conflicts between them are also constant. In order to meet the needs of military victory, they began to rack their brains, slowly expanding the army, expanding the think tank, allowing savages to study and allowing savages to be soldiers. The boundary between "country" and "wild" gradually blurred, because the nobles who failed in the war could not inherit, and the nobles gradually could not monopolize all official positions. Especially after countries attacked the city and plundered the land, it was no longer an independent fief, but was directly managed by the monarch (including the eldest brother and younger brother, of course, the eldest brother was gradually declining). This is the original county-there is no concept of county, and later more counties began to set up counties-equivalent to later provinces. In this way, a county magistrate (governor) and a good county magistrate (county magistrate) gradually appeared, and the concepts of Dr. Qing and a scholar gradually blurred. This is of course accompanied by the improvement of productivity and population growth. So the way of governance has changed and the social structure has also changed. When the domestic fields are blurred, fiefs gradually become counties, and hereditary nobles become bureaucrats who appoint and remove monarchs (this is the difference between bureaucrats and nobles). Ordinary people can study, be soldiers and be officials. The concept of "ordinary people" has gradually formed, and the power of the king has gradually approached that of the later emperor (that is, the first king is different from the later king)

In short, with the development of productive forces and the increase of population, countries attack and merge with each other, from nationalities to thousands (from Xia to Shang), from thousands to hundreds (from Shang to Zhou), as for hundreds, as for more than a dozen countries, as for the seven chivalrous men (from Western Zhou to Eastern Zhou, Zhou was destroyed), the number of countries decreased, and the monarch's ambition and authority became more and more endless, finally reaching the top 22/kloc-0. The king of Qin, who achieved unprecedented great achievements, was inevitably arrogant and self-sustaining, so he called himself the "emperor" (from the three emperors and five emperors), and later called him the first emperor to show his different dignity from the "king" called by the world as a thousand.

The first emperor was called the emperor, and so was the first emperor.

From then on, the feudal society in which many countries coexisted ended, and China entered the period of imperial power unification. The original countries or countries in the world have become counties, the central and local patterns have matured, and the nobility has disappeared (in Qin itself, it is a natural continuation of the old aristocracy, but it has been completely isolated from the old aristocracy since the Han Dynasty). The appointment and removal of personnel is entirely up to the emperor, and the world has entered a world where only one person can kill one person and seize the whole country. This is an imperial society. Comparatively speaking, in the Zhou Dynasty, the emperor of Zhou was King Zhou, and all the governors (such as Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Gou Jian, Qi Xuanwang, Qin Xiaogong, King Qin Huiwen and Qin Wuwang) were kings of their own country, but there was only one known emperor in the world at that time! ! Therefore, monarchs mixed with Middle-earth-including foreigners-all use the title of emperor. The majesty of the "king" can only be subordinate to the emperor.