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The Core Content of Ye Shengtao's Suzhou Garden Course

This paper introduces the characteristics of the beauty of Suzhou garden pictures, which shows the wisdom of landscape designers and craftsmen and the superb level of China garden art.

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Abstract: Imitating and reappearing the natural landscape is one of the important ideological sources for the formation and expression of China gardens. Garden is not only a realistic space for people to live and live, but also an ideal paradise for cultivating sentiment and settling down. Suzhou garden is a concentrated natural landscape, which makes people "enjoy the forest without leaving the city, and the downtown area has the interest of nymphs"; Suzhou gardens are precious cultural landscapes. Architects, philosophers, poets, painters and ordinary people appreciate the lines, philosophies, poems and rhythms they are looking for. Spreading Suzhou gardens flat is the most realistic landscape painting; Living in the garden, drinking tea, playing the piano, reciting poems and arranging flowers are the most inspiring; In the eyes of tourists who know little about China, Suzhou Garden is the best museum.

Key words: Suzhou garden plastic arts, perfect combination of humanity and nature, world garden model, world famous, present situation and future.

China classical gardens are a combination of natural and artificial landscapes, plants and buildings. China gardens sprouted in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, matured in Tang and Song Dynasties, and reached Ming and Qing Dynasties. Suzhou is a famous garden city in China. Suzhou gardens have a long history and a large number, and the gardening art is second to none in the country. Since the earliest gardens in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there have been 1500 years of garden management experience. There are more than 200 large and small gardens in this city, of which 69 are still well preserved. Suzhou gardens in the true sense are far from Suzhou gardens. Become the floorboard of private gardens in Jiangnan.

There is a saying that "Jiangnan gardens are the best in the world and Suzhou gardens are the first in Jiangnan". Suzhou is famous for its beautiful gardens, which can be divided into three categories: home gardens, suburban gardens and temple gardens. Suzhou gardens are mostly curtilage gardens, built by nobles, eunuchs and wealthy businessmen, which are exquisite and elegant. These gardens reflect the different styles of gardens in past dynasties, and they are all representative works of China's garden art, "There is heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below". Suzhou has won the reputation of "Xanadu", largely because it has a number of national and even world-famous classical gardens.

The history of Suzhou classical gardens can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC. After that, gardening flourished throughout the ages. During the heyday of Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more than 200 private gardens in the ancient city of Suzhou. Most of them provide an elegant environment for celebrities, laymen or literati to "get the interest of the mountains without going out of the city and live in the downtown area with the help of Lin Quan". For more than 2,000 years, Suzhou gardeners have used unique gardening techniques, planted flowers and trees, configured garden buildings, and added a large number of plaques, couplets, paintings, sculptures, steles, furniture furnishings and various ornaments in the limited space next to urban residential buildings to reflect ancient philosophical concepts, cultural awareness and aesthetic taste, thus forming a poetic and picturesque freehand landscape garden. It integrates the beauty of nature, humanity and architecture, and is a comprehensive historical, cultural and artistic treasure house with high academic, artistic and cultural values. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Suzhou gardens have been concerned and valued by the government, experts and scholars and people from all walks of life, and have been continuously protected, maintained and rationally utilized. In the process of applying for world heritage, the renovation of the internal and external environment of the garden has been strengthened according to law, so that the internal and external environment of the classical garden can be coordinated. Up to now, dozens of well-preserved gardens represent the styles of Jiangnan gardens in China in different periods of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing, and embody the realm of human ideal home.

The spatial form of Suzhou garden architecture, like the beauty of garden, comes from nature and is the product of abstraction and idealization on the basis of natural spatial form. Suzhou gardens generally have limited land, and often recreate the interest of mountains and forests in the market. In addition to using miniature landscapes, clever spatial combination is the key to their success. Gallery, a long garden building, is often the most ideal means. An empty corridor crosses the garden, and the original space immediately produces three levels: far, middle and near. The scenery on both sides will be each other's vision and background, making the original petite garden look ethereal and profound.

In Suzhou gardens, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, etc. It is "real" and the corridor is "virtual". The combination of the two constitutes the harmonious beauty of the virtual and the real. Walking in the corridor is just like indoors and outdoors. This feeling of practicing both inside and outside gives people a feeling of "too much space". Gardeners use the unity of internal and external contradictions in this space to skillfully integrate two different spatial feelings.

It is the cause of Suzhou gardens to avoid the endless fighting officialdom and the noisy world; Seeking a quaint and leisurely atmosphere is the artistic conception of Suzhou gardens; Embodying the charm of Taoist philosophy and culture is the foundation of Suzhou gardens. Landscape flowers and trees, pavilions and pavilions constitute the genes of Suzhou gardens, and white wall bricks and chestnut gray bricks dye the tone of Suzhou gardens.

Suzhou garden is a concentrated natural landscape, which makes people "enjoy the forest without leaving the city, and the downtown area has the interest of nymphs"; Suzhou gardens are precious cultural landscapes. Architects, philosophers, poets, painters and ordinary people appreciate the lines, philosophies, poems and rhythms they are looking for. Spreading Suzhou gardens flat is the most realistic landscape painting; Living in the garden, drinking tea, playing the piano, reciting poems and arranging flowers are the most inspiring; In the eyes of tourists who know little about China, Suzhou Garden is the best museum.

According to local records, there are nearly 200 gardens in Suzhou, ranking first in the country. Suzhou gardens have their own artistic characteristics in layout, structure and style. Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden are also called the four classical gardens in Suzhou, representing the artistic styles of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing respectively.

Other famous gardens in Suzhou include: Retreat Garden, Lovers Garden, Master of Nets Garden, Huanxiu Mountain Villa, Yiyuan Garden and Art Garden.

"Five steps on the first floor, ten steps a cabinet. Xuan Hui, eaves high. " This book describes the grandeur of Epang Palace, but it is also suitable for exquisite Suzhou gardens. The scenery in the garden is scattered, but through the "outline" and "episode" of the gallery, a rich and changeable artistic whole is formed. Corridor is one of the common means used by Suzhou garden owners, but it embodies not only such a simple architectural art, but also the cultural connotation of literature, philosophy and aesthetics, as well as outlook on life, values and aesthetics. Suzhou Garden has become the treasure of China classical gardens with its extraordinary style and elegant cultural taste!

"The plane twists and turns, and the heights are scattered" is one of the artistic techniques in the layout of China's garden buildings, because China's gardens pursue the beauty of natural landscape, instead of deliberately expressing the artificial beauty of rules like western gardens. Suzhou gardens pay more attention to twists and turns, are fascinating and have different paces. The buildings in China are generally square, so it is difficult to have a rich turning point. But the gallery solved this problem very well. Corridor has no independent function except for people to walk, and generally does not appear alone. Its biggest function is to connect other types of garden buildings. The corridor can be long or short, can go up and down, can be folded and bent, and is very flexible. The zigzag degree of the "corridor" in Suzhou gardens is much stronger than that of the northern royal gardens, showing greater flexibility in order to achieve the effect of "bending with the shape and bending with the trend" (quoted from "Yuanye"). In a word, Suzhou garden architecture can perfectly realize the twists and turns on the plane and the vertical ups and downs with the topography with the help of the use of corridors.

China Garden is the mother of world gardening, and Suzhou Garden is an outstanding representative of China Garden. 1980 Xuan Ming, built in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, was designed based on the Temple Springs of Master Wang's Garden, and it was the first time in the history of gardening in China that the whole garden was exported. In the following 20 years, Suzhou Gardens walked out of the limited world of Hutong, and with its traditional advanced artistic style and unique cultural value, they increasingly went to famous cities in Europe, America, Asia and Australia, and won many honors, including Qifang Pavilion in Ikeda City, Japan, Yiyuan Garden in Canada, Yunxiu Garden in Singapore, Jin Lan Pavilion in Kanazawa City, Japan, and Jin Lan Pavilion in Florida, USA. Whether it is the construction of a complete garden or the transplantation of garden elements such as pavilions and pavilions, the implicit and unique garden culture has been widely recognized and appreciated by foreign bosom friends, and it has become a tangible and immovable messenger of Chinese culture, and is called "resident cultural messenger" and "eternal VIP" locally. While spreading culture, Suzhou-style gardens built around the world are the most distinctive business cards in Suzhou. Especially after being listed in the World Heritage List, more and more international friends, experts and scholars came to inspect and study Suzhou classical garden, a classic living environment. Suzhou gardens, which have settled in foreign countries, go to the world with the cultural temperament of their birthplace.

Suzhou has many famous gardens and places of interest. Her rich artistic charm and profound connotation are the essence of Chinese civilization. Every door and window in Suzhou Garden is a picture frame, which contains three-dimensional paintings and silent poems, which can be read intensively and refined. It has opinions at four and topics at four.

References:

Appreciation of Zhang Shunsheng's Suzhou Gardens

Artistic conception and freehand brushwork of Suzhou gardens (Zhejiang Architecture Network)

Suzhou Garden Charm Forever (China Garden Network)