Misunderstandings and Countermeasures in Preschool Education

Lead: Research shows that children are in a sensitive period of personality and quality development, and it is also a shaping period. Therefore, early childhood education is an important stage that affects children's healthy growth. Furthermore, early childhood education is also a key link in cultivating talents, and we must pay more attention to early childhood education.

First, there are misunderstandings in early childhood education.

1, ignoring the characteristics of children's psychological development and imposing the wishes of adults on children. Some early childhood education institutions pay too much attention to the cultivation of studies and various specialties, and unilaterally cultivate children's cognitive ability too early.

2. Only pay attention to the cultivation of intellectual factors and ignore the development of non-intellectual factors. Lack of using various favorable conditions to cultivate children's good qualities of being strong, confident and not afraid of difficulties, as well as strong independent survival ability.

3. There are some misunderstandings in intellectual development. Many people think that developing intelligence is to let children master one or two musical instruments, add, subtract, multiply and divide, and recite several ancient poems. In fact, the real intellectual development is to let children participate in more activities, get in touch with nature, broaden their horizons, exert their imagination and inspire independent thinking.

Second, the "institutional education" in early childhood education

On July 2nd, 20001year, the Ministry of Education promulgated the general principle of "Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial)": "Kindergarten education should respect children's personality and rights, respect children's physical and mental development laws and learning characteristics, take games as the basic activity, pay equal attention to education, pay attention to individual differences, and promote individual development of each child." It can be seen that the key to early childhood education is to take games as the main form, respect children's nature, tap children's potential and develop their intelligence.

Games are of great value to the development of children's social consciousness, emotion and body. They can not only promote the development of children's cognitive ability, but also involve joint efforts and cooperation with peers. Because games replace the environment of learning abstract skills, it is easier for children to experience adult social activities, social life and moral values in games, understand the relationship between people and promote the establishment of self-image.

The so-called nature education is based on the development of children's "inner nature" or "nature", respecting the laws of children's physical and mental development and implementing education according to children's age characteristics. For children, the first thing is to make education suitable for children's psychological development characteristics.

Children's thinking form is based on thinking in images, and it is their nature to be active, curious and imitate. In view of these characteristics of children, educators should pay more attention to the influence of the surrounding environment, create a positive living and learning environment for children, and create conditions for children to be more exposed to all kinds of life.

In addition, kindergarten teachers should "start from the humanism of knowledge and the humanism of learning, guide each child to develop his personality, stretch himself and realize human self-realization". Modern psychology believes that people's psychological activities are a unified whole, and the development of intelligence and non-intelligence factors complement each other, and even the latter is more important. As far as the average person is concerned, the difference in intelligence is not obvious. The difference in performance between people mainly depends on the cultivation of non-intellectual factors in early childhood. In other words, the cultivation of non-intellectual factors is an important educational content in a person's life, and optimistic attitude, stable mood and strong will are important signs of mental health. With good psychological quality, people can give full play to their intelligence and achieve something in the future.

Third, the "family education" in early childhood education

1, change the concept of education and promote children's all-round development.

Parents have the responsibility to let their children know and learn things other than intellectual education, so that their children can develop in an all-round and balanced way. At the same time, we should care about children moderately but don't spoil them, and cultivate their independent living ability. Parents should try their best to enhance their children's sense of responsibility, which includes not only being responsible for their words and deeds, but also being responsible for society and others. Only by assuming certain social responsibilities can we reflect our own life value. At the same time, parents should also pay attention to enhancing their children's ability to bear setbacks, the spirit of hard work, the courage and perseverance to overcome difficulties, so that children can experience the hardships of life from an early age and undergo some tempering appropriately to adapt to the increasingly fierce competition in modern society.

2. Create a harmonious atmosphere and unify educational ideas.

Children live in a harmonious family, what they see is the mutual care between parents or family members, and what they feel is warmth and understanding, so that children will learn to care, understand, respect and appreciate others, instead of being selfish, unruly and ungrateful. In the concept of education, it is necessary to maintain the consistency of parents and grandparents in the way of education, so that children will not be confused and at a loss because of the disagreement between their elders.

Step 3 Strengthen good behavior

When people are praised or rewarded by the outside world, they will gradually develop the corresponding internal self-reward tendency, which is manifested as internal self-satisfaction. If we can transition from external reinforcement to internal reinforcement, good behavior will be consolidated more effectively.

Fourthly, develop the content of preschool education.

The goal of early childhood education determines the nature and composition of the content of early childhood education-from the nature point of view, it emphasizes the all-round development of children, pays attention to making children become complete people and dignified and valuable individuals, and lays the foundation for their lifelong development; From the perspective of composition, early childhood education should include body, knowledge, skills, morality, intelligence, spirit, soul and creativity, so as to promote the all-round development of early childhood, and attention should be paid to the mutual penetration and all-round development of various fields of early childhood education.

The Essentials of Early Childhood Education in Japan (1998) divides the content of early childhood education into five fields: health, interpersonal relationship, environment, language and expression, and emphasizes the integration and infiltration of these fields. On 200 1 China promulgated the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education (Trial)" >: The content of preschool education is divided into five fields: health, language, society, science and art, and it is clearly pointed out that "the content of each field permeates each other and promotes the development of children's emotions, attitudes, abilities, knowledge and skills from different angles"; The contents of various fields should be organically linked and infiltrated with each other, paying attention to comprehensiveness, interest and activity.

Although there are differences in educational content among countries, the content of early childhood education basically reflects the comprehensiveness and integrity of the development goals of early childhood education, and then reflects the values and educational goals of the development goals.

To develop preschool education, we should deal with the relationship between teachers and class collectives. American psychologist Smoak put forward that,

First of all, make use of teachers' expectations of the class, so that students can strengthen their expectations of themselves and the class.

Secondly, teachers' guiding role should be used to cultivate students' self-management and educational ability.

Third, make use of teachers' acceptance and love for students to promote friendship and unity among students.

Fourthly, take advantage of teachers' expectation effect on students, and take the development and revision of students' peers as the standard.

Fifth, make use of the mutual communication between teachers and students to enhance the communication ability between students. Sixth, make use of the common goals of teachers, students and classes to strengthen the spirit of mutual cooperation and unity among students. Strive to promote the development of preschool education.

Attach importance to rectification

Combining the methods and approaches of preschool education. In modern times, holistic education advocates the integration of various educational methods and approaches. First of all, the "connection" and "wholeness" in the philosophical basis of holistic education emphasize integration. Learn to "connect" all parts of the artificial system of early childhood education, which are interdependent and interrelated; The whole means that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

In real life, education emphasizes "integrated education", that is, it advocates that every method used in the process of education and teaching has unique value, and each method has a unique role and is an indispensable part of the whole. Therefore, early childhood education should integrate various methods and approaches to promote the all-round development of young children.

Extended content

Preschool education knowledge

How to train children and let them win at the starting line has become an urgent concern of every parent. However, most parents often lack scientific knowledge of early childhood education and only rely on personal intuition and some traditional experience to teach, which makes many problems and misunderstandings in family education. What preschool education knowledge should parents have in education?

First of all, we should attach importance to the role of parents in early childhood education.

Although it is difficult from generation to generation, the role of modern parents is by no means easier than that of the previous generation. The family form dominated by small families and the increase of professional women make it very easy for modern families to be left behind and unable to raise their children calmly. For women who mainly take care of children, although they have more dominance and choice in life and economy than the previous generation, the responsibilities and pressures on their shoulders are also relatively increased. Therefore, no matter how busy you are, don't relax your early education for one reason or another. Pay attention to the importance of "parents' participation" and complete the educational function of parents except raising children.

Second, family harmony, mutual respect and love, and create a good growth environment for children.

The so-called "those who are close to the ink are black" means that the environment has a great influence on people. Indeed, different environments will have different growth processes and will create different personalities. I remember that when children were very young, some parents were always quarrelling about trivial matters because of their youthful spirit. After many observations, when parents quarrel, children either blink in fear and look around, or cry in fear, and their lively and cheerful personality gradually becomes silent and melancholy.

In addition to creating a good growth environment and learning atmosphere for children, we should also actively make friends with children, strive to bridge the generation gap between parents and children, give her the right to speak, and make her feel that she is an important member of the family. This not only grasps the child's ideological trends in time, but also cultivates his optimistic and confident good character, laying a solid psychological foundation for his future growth and study.

Third, pay attention to image, set an example and set a vivid example for children.

Saint Amethyst has a proverb: It is the father's fault to raise but not teach. What is a teacher? A strict missionary. And we are both the parents of the child and the first teacher of the child, which shows how much influence the parents have on the child. I used to have a student's parents who were all so-called rough people. Not only have they never been exposed to books, but they also swear every day. As a result, their daughter unconsciously contracted many bad habits. Not only does she not like studying, but she often speaks ill of herself and becomes a disgusting bad boy. This shows that parents have a great influence on their children. Therefore, we must pay attention to our words and deeds at ordinary times, set a vivid example for children, and let the advantages of parents be reflected and carried forward in children.

Fourth, follow the trend, improve the situation and cultivate children's interest in learning.

Education experts point out that interest is the first driving force for success. Apply this point of view to learning, that is, only when you have a strong interest in learning, will you actively participate in learning and achieve excellent results.

Early childhood education is a complex systematic project. Every child is a sunrise full of hope, and every child is a pillar of the future society. I believe that as long as parents have enough knowledge of early childhood education and teach children in accordance with their aptitude, their children will be successful and brilliant.

Finally, let's hold up the sun tomorrow.

How to improve parent-child relationship

When children are young, they can't read and don't understand reason. But when they love to play, playing games is their greatest happiness. If you want to establish a good parent-child relationship with children, playing games together is a good choice, and parent-child games came into being. Parent-child games can not only help parents understand their children's situation, but also promote a harmonious family atmosphere. Next, I will introduce several parent-child games to you!

1, catch the ball with both hands (or objects)

Parents can play some balls with their baby, buy some light balls to play catch games with their baby, and practice catching balls with both hands can exercise their baby to eliminate distractions, such as anger, anxiety and depression, because this will make the baby gradually like sports. You can also pick up soft things. Like a little pillow.

2. fishing; catch fish

Fishing is a very good way to exercise people's patience. Parents can take their children fishing together. Although the atmosphere is quiet, it is warm and harmonious, which can make children gain more.

Step 3 fly a kite

Flying kites is the favorite of many children. I believe many people have fond memories of flying kites in their childhood. Parents can take their babies to fly kites in the suburbs on weekends or holidays, which can not only breathe fresh air, but also exercise their arm strength and eyesight, make their children open-minded and enhance communication and exchanges between parents and children.

Step 4 swing

Swing is really fun. Parents can act as boosters, supervise their children and gently push the swing for their babies. You will hear the baby's cheerful laughter, and your heart will be very happy, which will enhance the feelings between parents and children. It is said that swinging for 20 minutes every day will increase the "happiness factor" secreted by the brain by 80%.

After reading the above, I believe everyone has a better understanding of parent-child games. The emergence of parent-child games not only solves the communication problem between parents and children, but also helps parents to know their children better and get close to them, which makes many parents who have a headache for parent-child relationship find a good solution. But I still want to remind parents to pay more attention to the safety of their children in the process of parent-child games. I hope I can help you.

How to criticize the baby

Waiting for the baby to walk and run will give mothers a headache. It is common to be criticized by my mother three or five times a day. As long as the mother doesn't notice for a minute, the baby will make a mistake. But psychologists suggest that no matter how many mistakes the baby makes, it is best not to criticize him more than twice a day.

Criticize children's study at most twice a day.

In parenting, parents' attitudes are generally divided into two types. One is more open. For example, the United States and other countries adopt a "let nature take its course" attitude towards children, which has its good side, that is, it is conducive to children to develop an innocent and frank character, but it is not easy to cultivate children's concept of right and wrong. In China, parents are mostly another kind, that is, strict management of children. Its good side is that it can cultivate children's concept of right and wrong from an early age. The negative effect is that too much criticism and reprimand may affect children's self-confidence and make them timid.

Children's mistakes are actually good educational opportunities.

In fact, failure is the mother of success, and failure can accumulate experience and lessons. Many parents always condemn and intimidate their babies when they make mistakes, but forget that making mistakes is a good learning opportunity. Parents' criticism is to prevent the baby from making the same mistake again, but it often backfires. Children may be afraid to take risks for fear of being accused and lose their enthusiasm and courage to learn new skills; Or rebellious.

And too frequent blame, not only makes children "skin", but also turns a deaf ear to criticism; In the years of growing up, he will leave a shadow in his heart and think that he can do nothing.

Matters needing attention in criticism

Experts suggest that parents only criticize their children once or twice a day, and don't criticize everything, because some mistakes may be immediately understood by their children, so don't say it. For major mistakes, we should also pay attention to two points when criticizing.

The first is cold treatment. That is to say, when parents criticize their children, it is more effective to lower their voices or adopt silence than to shout loudly. On the contrary, children will be more nervous, feel "uncomfortable" and then reflect on their mistakes.

The second is to strike while the iron is hot. Because children have a poor sense of time, it seems that many days have passed since what happened yesterday. Children are playful by nature, and the mistakes they just made are soon forgotten. If you think your child has done something wrong and must criticize it, then don't procrastinate and say it immediately, otherwise it will not play its due educational role.

Criticizing the baby should pay attention to skills, so that the baby can be willing to accept and grow up healthily.

How to educate children?

A three-year-old baby is a period of rapid physical and psychological development. How to educate the three-year-old baby is a problem that parents must pay attention to. Let's tell parents how to educate their three-year-old baby from two aspects: IQ and EQ.

In terms of IQ:

1, early reading: read a story with him every day, test it with the big dog at home, or buy some picture books. This story should be short and pithy. When telling a story, pay attention to adding some adjectives or idioms to enrich his language ability. Tell him a story for him to repeat, or let him make up his own story by looking at the picture. Whatever he makes up, encourage him to go on and help him make it up from the beginning.

2. Role-playing games: Play games with him, such as seeing a doctor, visiting guests, shopping in Carrefour, catching bad guys by police uncles, etc., and make up your own game content to enrich it a little. You and your baby play a role, such as watching a doctor's game, one plays a doctor and the other plays a patient. Teach him to observe these roles at ordinary times

3. Increase his knowledge: You can increase his knowledge through anything you see on the road, such as the names of various animals, plants and buildings, the uses of various shops, and tell him some astronomical knowledge by looking at the sky.

4. Review the learned children's songs, Tang poems and English words with the kindergarten curriculum.

Emotional intelligence:

5. Quality cultivation: take some time to chat with him every day, let him talk about kindergarten life, and then instill some good characters. You can also instill it by reading stories. After a story is finished, you can summarize the good qualities reflected in the story with simple words. Repeatedly, strengthen the impression.

6. Cultivation of love and compassion: Take every opportunity to instill in him that he must have love, know how to care for others and sympathize with the weak. How to educate a three-year-old baby? You can read a growth diary "Cultivation of Love" on the baby's homepage. For example, when Guo asked me for clothes, he told the story of the child. He was only one year old, and his mother left him, so I told him the story of the child and asked him to give the bag of clothes to Guo himself. When you see beggars on the road, you can tell them that they are pitiful. You can also ask him to love animals and plants.

7. Cultivation of independent ability: let him do his own thing and provide him with the opportunity to decide something, such as wearing clothes, giving him two pieces of clothes and letting him choose what he likes; Going out to play allows him to choose a place to play. He usually does things by himself and tries not to refuse. If he wants to refuse, he needs to tell him the reason and affirm his enthusiasm.

8. Give priority to appreciation education, praise and encourage more. Don't hit the child, it will hurt the child's heart the most. Don't swear, but set an example.

It should be noted that before the child is 3 years old, the role of the father in the child's growth process can not be ignored. Father's affirmation of children's values of "love", the balanced development of personality and the confirmation of identity all play a vital role. Therefore, how to educate the three-year-old baby is not only a problem that mothers need to pay attention to, but also a problem that fathers need to participate in.