What are the reasons for the high prosperity of science, technology and culture in the Tang Dynasty?

Reason:

The national unity and economic development in the Tang Dynasty provided the corresponding social foundation for the prosperity of science, technology and culture. The development of any science, technology and culture is inseparable from the support of economy, and economic construction is the foundation of cultural construction. According to the law of human social development revealed in Marxism and political economy, the most fundamental driving force and the most important factor to promote human economic and social development is the development of social productive forces and the improvement of their level. The economic base determines the superstructure, and the superstructure reacts on the economic base. The opposition and unity between the economic base and the superstructure constitute the social form, that is, the social system. It can be seen that any social form develops in harmony with the opposition and unity between the economic base and the superstructure. Economic development will inevitably lead to the development of the superstructure, and economic prosperity will inevitably lead to the prosperity of science, technology and culture.

The rulers of the Tang Dynasty carried out enlightened and compatible cultural policies, which created a favorable atmosphere for the development of science and technology culture. The imperial examination system originated from the strategic test in the Han Dynasty, sprouted in the nine-stream regular selection in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and was stereotyped in the imperial examination in the Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination focused on the imperial examination, followed by the Ming Classics, which was the main subject for selecting political talents.

In the Tang Dynasty, ethnic integration was further strengthened, and frequent economic and cultural exchanges between ethnic groups promoted the prosperity of science, technology and culture in the Tang Dynasty.

The policy of opening to the outside world was implemented in the Tang Dynasty, and frequent cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries promoted the prosperity of science and technology culture in the Tang Dynasty.

inheriting and carrying forward the excellent traditional culture of the previous generation and adhering to the cultural inheritance policy are important reasons for the prosperity of science and technology culture.

Science and culture:

Compared with the previous generation, science and technology in the Tang Dynasty made obvious progress. There are a lot of scientific and technological inventions in the history of China. Two of the so-called four great inventions were born in the Tang Dynasty, namely gunpowder and block printing. Sun Simiao, who is revered as the king of medicine, wrote "Qianjin Yaofang" and its supplement "Qianjin Yifang", both of which are rare medical books on the origin of drugs, the tactics of diagnosis and treatment, the methods of acupuncture and moxibustion, and the techniques of health preservation. Newly-revised Materia Medica is the earliest national official medicine book in China, which was written in the fourth year of Xianqing in Tang Gaozong (659). The astronomer Monk and his party measured the length of meridian for the first time in the world. He also cooperated with Liang Lingzan to make a bronze zodiac and a water-borne astrolabe. He used the quadratic difference interpolation method and innovated the interpolation formula of approximate cubic difference in the almanac of Dayan Calendar, which laid the foundation for later generations such as Wang Xun. Wang Xiaotong, a mathematician in the early Tang Dynasty, wrote "Ji Gu Shu Jing" in the ninth year of Wude [626], which is the first time in the world to systematically establish cubic polynomial equations, which is of great significance to the development of algebra. Li Chunfeng's revision of the Ten Books of Arithmetic Classics is an important achievement of Arithmetic in the Tang Dynasty.

In the early Tang Dynasty, a large-scale geography book, Kuozhizhi, with 55 volumes, was rich in content and had a far-reaching influence on the geographical research of later generations. Jia Dan's "Hua Yi Tu at Home" depicts hundreds of countries close to the Tang Dynasty.

after the mid-Tang dynasty, great ideological improvements took place, and the ideas of Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Li Ao and Liu Yuxi were the link between the past and the future. Also, the ideological values of Du Fu and Bai Juyi can't be ignored. They are not just poets. The so-called Confucian Classics in later generations should be called "Confucian Classics in Han, Jin and Tang Dynasties" in a strict sense, and the so-called Neo-Confucianism in later generations should be called "Neo-Confucianism in Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties". The works of Han Yu and Li Ao highlight idealism, while Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi are the representatives of materialism in the Tang Dynasty.

poetry was the most developed literary achievement in the Tang dynasty. The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty compiled by the Qing Dynasty contains more than 48,9 poems by more than 2,2 poets, which is not all.

Yan Liben and Yan Lide brothers in the early Tang Dynasty were good at drawing figures. Wu Daozi is known as "the sage of painting". He is good at both figures and landscapes, and has absorbed the techniques of western painting schools. His pictures are full of three-dimensional sense, and there is a saying that "Wu takes the lead". Zhang Xuan and Zhou Fang mainly draw pictures of maids, and their famous works include "Dao Lian Tu", "You Chuntu, the wife of the State of Guo" and "A picture of a lady with flowers", which further develops figure painting.

The cause of mural painting in the Tang Dynasty was particularly developed. The murals in the Mogao Grottoes and the tomb are handed down from generation to generation. The carving art of the Tang Dynasty was equally outstanding. Dunhuang, Longmen, Maijishan and Bingling Temple Grottoes all reached their peak in the Tang Dynasty.