Banished poems

Li Bai: from wild romance to sadness and injustice

Li Bai's lifelong fantasy of displaying his ambition and doing something great can be seen everywhere in his poems. He said in the poem Li Yong:

Dapeng rises with the wind one day and soars into Wan Li.

If the wind weakens, it can still lift away the turbulent current.

Others are laughing at my big talk when they see my unchanging tone.

Fu Xuan can still fear the afterlife, but her husband can't be young.

He compared himself to the Dapeng who stirred the sky and the sea in Zhuangzi. He was full of confidence in his political talents and was laughed at by the world. He also used Confucius' words "the afterlife is terrible" to defend himself.

Li Bai is good at describing the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. His poems are different from those of Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. If Wang Wei and Meng Haoran's landscape poems are meticulous, then Li Bai's landscape poems are freehand brushwork. He tends not to describe every grass and tree, but to absorb the charm of nature from a macro perspective. The Yangtze River, rugged cliffs, mountains, secluded rocks and ancient trees all flew as soon as they arrived at his pen, and they were all driven away by him, creating a mythical world with nature. For example, the scenery of Lushan Mountain is written in a Lushan song for the suggestion of Lu Xuzhou:

The Golden Gate leads to two mountains, and a silver stream hangs down to three stone bridges.

Xianglufeng Waterfall is separated from it by a distance, and it is a heavy cliff towering into the sky.

The morning glow is red in Cui Yun, and the birds fly and grow.

Between the sky above and the sky below, the river is gone forever.

The sky is grey and windy, and the river flows like a snow-capped mountain.

Han Yu: From tense situation to loneliness and sadness.

Han Yu's career is not smooth. He passed four exams before he was qualified as an official. He has been asking for an official position for almost ten years, but he has no official position. After that, his value rose, and he was appointed assistant minister of punishments after several ups and downs. It stands to reason that he should cherish, be careful and be less rebellious, but he devoted himself to "eliminating evil" for the country and the king. The article was written in a tit-for-tat manner, regardless of whether the black veil on the head could be saved or not, regardless of whether the head around the neck was in danger. Finally, it made the owner angry and was demoted as the secretariat of Chaozhou.

Han Yu devoted himself to the world all his life, with a strong sense of right and wrong, plain and straightforward personality and unyielding attitude. Being demoted to Chaozhou was a great blow to Han Yu. What's more, a daughter died on the way to leave. When he arrived in Lantian County, not far from the capital, his nephew Han Xiang traveled with him. At this time, Han Yu, in tears, wrote a famous article, "Moving to Lantong to Show Grandnephew":

A letter is typed in the sky, and eight thousand in Chaozhou Road in the evening.

If you want to eliminate disasters for the wise, you are willing to decline and cherish the old!

Where is the home where the clouds cross the ridge? The heavy snow hindered the horse's progress.

Knowing that you came all the way, you should have done it on purpose so that I could collect the bones by the river.

Liu Zongyuan's resentment and anger

Liu's poems describe his pain of relegation, which is shocking to read, such as "From Liuzhou Tower to my four colleagues Zhang, Ding, Feng and Lian: At the end of this tower, the wilderness began, and our thoughts were as far away as the sea."

Frightened winds and chaotic lotus waters, dense rain obliquely invaded the walls of the State of Guo.

We can't see anything beyond 300 miles, except vague Woods and mountains, and there are nine rivers winding in our stomachs.

* * * Come to Baiyue tattoo, don't even want a letter, let's keep in touch with home.

In the poem, it is very vivid to use "shocking wind" and "dense rain" to describe difficulties and urgency. These two sentences can not only symbolize the sinister political environment, but also profoundly convey the poet's fear, while the couplet "Mountain Tree" depicts the desolation and loneliness of the wilderness. The whole poem is shrouded by the biting wind and rain and the restless atmosphere of Xiao Sao, conveying the "boundless sadness" in the heart. Indeed, as Shen Deqian said, "Liu is good at mourning and has a sense of coquetry."

Liu Yuxi is open-minded and lively.

Bai Juyi gave Liu Yuxi a poem, which said, "The scenery is long and lonely, and the official position of Manchu Dynasty is abolished." He thought that most of his colleagues had been promoted, and only Liu Yuxi wasted his time in a bleak state. Obviously, he is unfair to Liu Yuxi, as he said in his poem: "I also know that the names of quilts will be folded, and most of them will be folded in 23 years." In this regard, Liu Yuxi himself is much more enlightened. He wrote optimistically in his poems:

The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years.

People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.

On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower.

Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.