On how to teach and educate professional teachers in colleges and universities.

In view of the phenomenon that some professional teachers in colleges and universities attach importance to majors but neglect moral education, and connecting with their daily teaching practice, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for "teaching and educating people" in colleges and universities in the new period from three aspects of "preaching", "teaching" and "dispelling doubts". I. Introduction Since the implementation of 1999 higher education enrollment expansion policy, the number of college students in China has greatly increased, and China's higher education has achieved a historic leap from elite education to popular education, which has trained a large number of high-quality talents for modernization. The expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities has made irreplaceable contributions to China's economic development, social progress and improvement of people's livelihood, and also promoted China's transformation from a country with a large population to a country with large human resources. The enrollment rate of higher education in China will reach 26.5% in the 11th Five-Year Plan and 36% in the 12th Five-Year Plan. However, the growth rate of software and hardware facilities in colleges and universities obviously lags behind the growth rate of enrollment expansion, which leads to a worrying decline in the quality of education. As the main body of college teachers, professional teachers should have a sacred sense of mission at this time and should also provoke the heavy responsibility of teaching and educating people. As we all know, 1, more than 200 years ago, Han Yu expounded the important role of teachers in the theory of teachers, that is, "teachers should teach to solve doubts." Since ancient times, preaching, teaching and solving doubts have been recognized as three equally important parts of education. With the development of the times, the combination of the three has reached a certain degree of imbalance, and its importance has also been forgotten by some teachers. Second, preaching "preaching" refers to the teaching and education of moral concepts, which is what we often call ideological and moral education. Practice has proved that success is impossible without a good ideological and moral foundation. The training goal of higher education is to train senior professionals for the society. In everyone's eyes, the education of professionals is often limited to "professional education". In fact, higher education should be "quality education" in a sense, that is, comprehensive quality education including outlook on life, values and professional skills. Everyone knows that the cultivation of noble morality is far more important than the cultivation of superb professional skills, and it is necessary to "be a man before doing things." The cultivation of outlook on life and values can not be achieved by several specialized ideological and moral courses, but also requires teachers, as a professional teacher, to do a good job in the following three aspects: 1, to abide by teachers' ethics and set an example. Abiding by teachers' morality is the first step to do a good job in education. Since we have chosen the profession of teacher, we must abide by the professional ethics of teachers. It is very important to set a good image for students by setting an example. Some college teachers regard "teaching" as a "second occupation", or are busy with "going to the sea", attending conferences or devoting themselves to scientific research, and their investment in teaching is getting less and less. What's more, they ask for leave and transfer classes for three days, which seriously disrupts the normal teaching order, which is far from cultivating high-quality innovative talents and affects the growth of students. This is obviously far from the requirements of teachers' morality. We should end this. In addition, preparing lessons carefully and attending classes carefully are the minimum requirements for teachers, and correcting homework seriously is also the most basic job for teachers. By correcting homework, students can know their mastery of knowledge, which is also the best feedback for teachers to impart knowledge. 2. Care for students and practice gratitude. Practice has proved that the improvement of ideological and moral character can not be achieved by classroom indoctrination, nor can it be achieved simply by reasoning. Need to be put into practice. When you have a heart of gratitude to the society, you will have noble ideology and morality. The "gratitude" we are talking about here is an attitude towards life and a moral sentiment that is good at discovering and appreciating beauty. Gratitude to the society can be embodied and transmitted by caring for students. Teachers can actively communicate with students in the teaching process, so that students can feel the happiness brought by teachers in the process of learning knowledge and learn to appreciate the beauty around them. With the care of teachers, they will also care for others and be grateful to society. Teachers should pay attention to each student's reaction in class, and then communicate with students who are not active enough in class during recess. Pay attention to strategy and art in communication, and avoid going straight to the subject. According to the scene at that time, we can find some topics that everyone is interested in or a few warm words to resolve the students' resistance and continue to follow up in subsequent classes. In communication, students should be regarded as their family members, full of love and sincere help for their progress. We can't change all the students, but as long as you work hard, even if you can only change one or two students in the end, you have made a contribution to society, which is a lifelong benefit for one or two students, and love may continue to pass on. Whenever festivals come, teachers' greatest happiness comes from students' blessings. When students call you "Brother Wang", "Lao Wang" and "Sister Wu" in their blessings, how happy you are to receive the blessings from students who have graduated for many years (you may not remember their names), and you will love the incomparable noble profession of teachers even more. 3. Share experiences and give positive guidance. On the road of life, everyone's trajectory is different, but more or less there are some joys of success and bitterness of failure, and there is always a feeling of life. Teachers are fully capable of refining and sublimating their own experiences and lessons, and then selfless dedication to students. Students can share the essence of teachers' life and learn from it. Practice has proved that teachers who are willing to share their experiences with students are also students' favorite teachers. Teachers should strive to be good teachers and friends of students, and give full play to their role models to inspire and help students become talents with both ability and political integrity needed by society. Third, teaching 1, carefully selecting teaching materials to ensure the correctness of imparting knowledge. In teaching, teachers should impart knowledge to students according to the requirements of the syllabus, and students are often in a passive position. For the vast majority of students, it is basically what the teacher "gives" and what the students "eat". There is almost no discrimination. They trust the teacher completely and regard what the teacher says as "truth". Therefore, teachers should first ensure that the knowledge they impart to students is correct, which is not only responsible for students, but also defending teachers' morality. Nowadays, many textbooks are shoddy, and teachers should be as responsible for choosing textbooks as they are for children. No matter liberal arts or science and engineering, since it is a teaching material, it should be mature and classic knowledge, not specious knowledge. Just like building a tall building requires a solid foundation. 2. Be diligent in learning and master the cutting-edge knowledge of this subject. Teaching students the mature classical knowledge of this subject is the foundation, and guiding students to use and innovate this subject knowledge and make greater contributions to society is our teaching goal. This poses a challenge to professional teachers. Only by studying hard and mastering the cutting-edge knowledge of this subject can we play a leading role in students. Especially in the realistic environment of the rapid development of science and technology, the cycle of knowledge updating is getting shorter and shorter, and the amount of information is blowout. Professional teachers should also pay attention to the timely update of the knowledge they impart. Through my own study and research in the professional field, I select useful frontier knowledge from the blowout information and pass it on to students. As the saying goes, "One minute on the stage takes ten years off the stage", and the effect of knowledge inheritance on the podium is directly proportional to the diligent study of the teachers under the podium. 3. Pay attention to the reform of teaching methods and cultivate students' innovative ability. The disadvantages of the traditional teaching method, that is, the teacher lectures on the podium and the students attend classes under the podium, are as follows: on the one hand, students learn passively, their thoughts are easily distracted, and the teaching effect is poor; On the other hand, students dare not ask questions or even argue actively, which limits the development of students' innovative ability. Therefore, it is necessary to reform teaching methods, interactive teaching, case teaching, not excluding arguments, the more the truth is argued, the more clear it is, and not superstitious about authority to cultivate students' creativity. As a teacher, we should put aside the theory of "face". In fact, students who dare to argue are creative students. There is no end to learning, and teaching can learn from each other's strengths. This should conform to international standards. The times are advancing. As a teacher, we should dare to try new teaching methods, because the purpose of education is not limited to inheriting classical knowledge, but also to cultivate students' innovative ability. Fourth, solving doubts "solving doubts", as the name implies, is to solve doubts. The author believes that it includes both professional knowledge and ideological confusion. The vast majority of college students have started relatively independent campus life away from their parents. At this time, they have just entered adulthood. At this stage, they need the care and guidance of teachers. At present, in the domestic education system, counselors are responsible for the ideological education of college students. The number of counselors is very small, and often one person has to take hundreds of students. So it is difficult to give guidance to every student. Teachers of specialized courses in universities should play the role of "dispelling doubts". 1, professional knowledge. Solving professional knowledge is the unshirkable responsibility of professional teachers in colleges and universities. Most professional teachers can complete this task, but it should be noted that high quality should be ensured. Now many colleges and universities have established new campuses in the suburbs, and undergraduate courses are also arranged in the new campuses. Most of the teachers live in the city, and the school bus picks up the teachers in class. Due to time constraints, some students need to face-to-face solve their doubts about the knowledge taught by the teacher in class after class in order to catch the bus, and they can't see the teacher at other times. In view of this situation, professional teachers should find ways to strengthen communication with students, avoid the accumulation of knowledge that students don't understand, make things clear day by day and improve day by day. 2. Psychological and life doubts. Nowadays, most college students are "only children", with poor independence in life but strong independence in thought. I don't know enough about setbacks, I can't communicate, and I can't handle many unpleasant things that happen every day. For example, I failed in the exam, I had problems with my classmates, my feelings were frustrated, and so on. For seemingly small things, some students will take extreme measures or have a tendency to take extreme measures. All these are extremely unfavorable to the future development of students. What society needs now is talents with team spirit. It is not advisable to overemphasize personality and only emphasize personal ability without the ability to cooperate with others. As a professional teacher, he actually meets students more often and enjoys high prestige in the eyes of students. He should take the initiative to understand the students' situation after class, give a good suggestion to the students in doubt, and solve the problem through conversation. Therefore, it is advocated that professional teachers should also be the class teachers of college students, solve students' psychological and life doubts in time, and help students improve their good communication skills among classmates. We can not only rely on the work of psychological counseling rooms set up in colleges and universities, but also avoid many campus problems. 3. Solutions to students' career. For many college students, they are not very clear about their professional requirements, characteristics and employment situation. Although it is introduced in the entrance education, I still have doubts. The general doubt is: where is the essence of this major? Where is the employment going? Are you going to graduate school? How to improve their employment competitiveness? In view of this, professional teachers should give timely answers. The "undergraduate tutorial system" formulated by some schools is to give this responsibility to professional teachers. One tutor corresponds to several students, forming a pair. Students can always ask their tutors if they have any questions. Tutors can answer questions in time at any stage of undergraduate study, which can save students a lot of detours. Teachers' constant guidance and encouragement can also develop students' great potential. For students, scientific career planning is no different from a bright light on the road ahead, which will guide and motivate students to fly higher and farther. V. Conclusion To sum up, the three aspects of "preaching", "teaching" and "dispelling doubts" are complementary and indispensable in the process of teaching and educating professional teachers, and they are also the essence of teaching and educating activities. Professional teachers should not only do the essential work of "teaching" in the traditional sense, but also enhance the important position of "preaching" and "dispelling doubts". Doing well in these three aspects is the responsibility of professional teachers in colleges and universities in the new period, and only in this way can they complete the important mission of teaching and educating people.