"A model of harmony between the right place and the right time" What did you play in the ancient Chinese New Year? Ancient people's entertainment activities are really rich!

What did Bian Xiao take you to play today? Interested readers can take a look with Bian Xiao.

Nowadays, when people go home after the Spring Festival, they spend most of their time playing with their mobile phones, sending and receiving red envelopes, or sending blessings in groups and chatting with friends. In contrast, many people think that the taste of the past year has faded, and it is less and less like the Chinese New Year, but in fact, the meaning of the Chinese New Year is different for different people, and it changes every time. So, in ancient times, do you know what people would play during the Spring Festival? What kind of entertainment did the ancients have during the Spring Festival and how did they celebrate it?

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The Spring Festival, the Lunar New Year, is the beginning of a year and a traditional festival. Commonly known as New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve and so on. It's also called 30, 30, 30 verbally. The Spring Festival has a long history, which evolved from the time when ancient people prayed for the New Year. Everything is based on the sky, and people are based on their ancestors. In the new year, they prayed and sacrificed, offering sacrifices to their ancestors and reporting the truth. The origin of the Spring Festival contains profound cultural connotations, and it carries rich historical and cultural connotations in its inheritance and development. During the Spring Festival, various activities to celebrate the Spring Festival are held all over the country, which are full of regional characteristics and lively and festive atmosphere. These activities are colorful and embody the essence of China traditional culture. Their main contents are innovation, exorcism and ancestor worship.

In ancient times, people began to be "busy with the New Year" from the altar on the 23rd or 24th of a year, and it didn't end until the first month 19. In modern times, people set the Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month, but it usually doesn't end until the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Holiday greetings convey family ethics between relatives and friends. This is an important festival for people to deepen their feelings, and it is also a traditional happy and peaceful festival, where relatives and friends gather together.

The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideological beliefs, ideals and ambitions, life and entertainment, cultural psychology, but also is a carnival display of praying for disaster relief and food and entertainment. Influenced by China culture, some countries and regions in the world also have the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival. According to incomplete statistics, nearly 20 countries and regions have designated the Spring Festival in China as all or part of the statutory holidays in the cities under their jurisdiction. Together with Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, it is called the four traditional festivals in China. The folk custom of Spring Festival was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

2. Traditional customs of the Spring Festival

Buy new year's goods

The Chinese New Year custom culture in China has a long history, and all kinds of Chinese New Year customs come from all over the country, with different characteristics in the north and south. Although local customs are different, it is almost a "must-have" to prepare and send new year's goods throughout the country. Buy new year's goods, including food, clothing, clothing, use, stickers, New Year's gifts and so on. Collectively referred to as "new year's goods", the process of buying new year's goods is called "buying new year's goods". Making new year's goods is an important activity for China people to celebrate the Spring Festival.

Sacrifice to the kitchen god

Sacrifice the stove on the 23rd/24th of the twelfth lunar month. Folk stove sacrifices originated from the ancient custom of worshipping fire. : "the kitchen. Also, create food. " The kitchen god's duty is to take charge of the kitchen fire and manage the diet. Later, it was expanded to investigate the good and evil in the world and reduce the good and evil. Sacrificial furnaces have a history of thousands of years in China, but in Belgium

On the 28th, 29th and 30th of each year, every household "sticks the Year Red". Sticking New Year's Red is a traditional Chinese New Year custom in China, which adds a festive atmosphere and places people's good expectations for the new year and new life.

Spring Festival couplets: According to the records of Ming Jie, Yu Zhu Ji and other literary works, the prototype of Spring Festival couplets is what people call "Fu Tao". Another source of Spring Festival couplets is Spring Festival couplets. The ancients pasted the word "Yichun" in the early spring and gradually developed into Spring Festival couplets. Sticking Spring Festival couplets is also called door couplets, Spring Festival couplets, couplets, peach symbols and so on. It is a unique literary form in China to depict the background of the times and express good wishes with neat, antithetical, concise and delicate words. During the Spring Festival, no matter in urban or rural areas, every household should choose a pair of bright red Spring Festival couplets to stick on the door to add festive atmosphere to the festival.

New Year pictures: Hanging New Year pictures during the Spring Festival is also very common in urban and rural areas. Colorful New Year pictures add a lot of prosperous and happy festive atmosphere to thousands of families. New Year pictures are an ancient folk art in China, which reflects people's simple customs and beliefs and places their hopes on the future. With the rise of block printing, the content of New Year pictures is no longer limited to monotonous themes such as door gods, but has become rich and colorful.

Window grilles and the word "Fu": People also like to stick various paper-cut window grilles on the windows. Window grilles not only set off the festive atmosphere, but also integrate decoration, appreciation and practicality. At the same time, some people want to put the word "Fu" on doors, walls and lintels. Others elaborate the word "Fu" into various patterns, such as the birthday girl, peach blossom, carp yue longmen, abundant grains, dragons and phoenixes, and so on.

Family reunion dinner on New Year's Eve

New Year's Eve, also known as New Year's Eve, reunion dinner, reunion dinner and so on. It refers to family dinners at the end of the year and New Year's Eve. Originated from the year-end ceremony of ancient New Year's Eve, it is a reunion dinner after offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors. It is the highlight of the New Year's Eve dinner, which is not only colorful, but also exquisite. Before the reunion dinner, worship the gods and ancestors first, only after the worship ceremony. Generally, there are chicken, fish, oyster sauce, Nostoc flagelliforme, yuba, lotus root, raw garlic and sausage on the table for good luck. China's New Year's Eve is a family reunion dinner, which is the most abundant and important dinner in a year.

stay up late or all night on New Year's Eve

New Year's Eve is one of the most popular activities in the New Year. It has a long history. The folk custom of Chinese New Year is mainly manifested in the fact that each family lights a New Year's Eve fire, and the whole family reunites, so as not to let the "New Year's Eve fire" go out and wait for the moment to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. On New Year's Eve, the lights will be on all night, which means "lighting the New Year" or "lighting the fire of the New Year". All houses light candles, especially under the bed. This is called "wasting light". It is said that after such lighting, the family's wealth will be more abundant in the coming year. In ancient times, the north and the south had different customs. In ancient times, in some places in the north, the custom of keeping the old age was mainly to stay up late on New Year's Eve. For example, Jin Chu's book "Yanjing Years Old" says: On New Year's Eve, everyone gives gifts to each other, which is called "Happy New Year"; When young and old get together, * * * celebrates the perfection, which is called "age division"; Never sleep until dawn, this is called "guarding the age". On New Year's Eve, the whole family get together, eat New Year's Eve, light candles or oil lamps, sit around the fire and chat, and keep vigil all night, which symbolizes that all evil plagues will be driven away.

Historically, there are many kinds of lucky money. Generally, the elders distribute them to the younger generation during the countdown to the New Year, indicating that they are in a hurry, which includes the care and sincere wishes of the elders to the younger generation. The other is given to the elderly by the younger generation. The "year old" of this lucky money refers to the year old, which is intended to expect the elderly to live a long life. The earliest traceable lucky money was recorded in the Han Dynasty, also known as winning money. It is not circulated in the market, but cast as a plaything in the form of coins, which has the function of ward off evil spirits.

Wandering God

Vagrancy is one of the traditional Chinese New Year customs in China. Worship of God, also known as God-driven parade, master, camp, Buddhism, games, New Year celebrations, spring outing, incense, Buddhism, idol worship and so on. It means that people invite distracted people to the temple on New Year's Day or other festive holidays, or on Christmas Day of the gods, and then take them out for sightseeing. The main purpose is to repay kindness, eliminate disasters and pray. Along the way, the gods accompanied gongs and drums, suona, gods, lion dances, dragon dances, colorful flags, lantern parades, octaves, acrobatics and band performances. It is a traditional folk activity integrating sacrifice, prayer, celebration and banquet.

Fugue in Chaoshan area, also known as "Fugue Society" and "Owner", is a traditional folk activity in Chaoshan area. Every Spring Festival, in chronological order, towns and villages take turns to hold folk soul wandering activities, and the scene is very lively. In western Guangdong, it is also called "You Laoye", "You Bodhisattva" or "New Year Model"; The so-called chronology means "it has existed since ancient times, there are examples today, and there are examples every year." In Beiliu area, it is also called "New Year's Day". In the Pearl River Delta region, also known as the "hometown of Bodhisattva", people marched around the village with statues and received prayers. Fuzhou is also known as the "Meeting Immortal". The third day to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month is a time to wander around and become one of the important activities of "New Year" in rural areas. God often takes the village as the unit, and sometimes several villages unite to March around the village, and gongs, drums and firecrackers ring together. People are watching and welcoming, and the scene is warm.

Pay new year's call

Happy New Year, one of the folk activities. On the morning of the new year, we greet the new year and worship the "old god". "Sui", also known as "Guo" and "Tai Sui", is an ancient star name. Tai sui is also a god of folk beliefs. Taking the branch chronology of 60 years old and 60 years old as the operation cycle, there are 60 people. Every year, a one-year-old god is on duty. The one who was on duty that year was called "too old to be on duty". He is a one-year-old master and is in charge of the good and bad luck of the world that year. For example, in the story of local customs, it is said that "the husband of the old age, the one-year-old Lord, and the head of the gods." Paying New Year greetings is the oldest traditional Chinese New Year custom, which is still prevalent in Guangdong, especially Wuchuan. On the first day of the new year, this traditional custom is handed down from generation to generation.

temple fair

Visiting temple fairs is one of the folk activities during the Spring Festival. Guangfu Temple Fair and Beijing ditan temple fair are also called the two major temple fairs in China. It covers puppet parties, Chinese stunts, Wulin Congress, Lantern Festival and other theme activities. It contains rich contents such as blessing culture, folk culture, food culture, business and leisure culture.

Happy new year; New Year greeting

Paying New Year greetings during the Spring Festival is one of the traditional customs of the Spring Festival, and it is a way for people to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new and express their best wishes to each other. On the second or third day of New Year's Day, we will visit relatives and friends, pay New Year greetings to each other and say something, such as new love, wealth, happiness and Happy New Year. The significance of New Year greetings lies in visiting relatives and friends, greeting each other, expressing feelings for relatives and friends and good wishes for the new year's life.

With the development of the times, the custom of paying New Year greetings is becoming more and more popular.

Dividends are one of the long-standing old customs. "Dividend" also includes writing "benefiting the market" or "benefiting things". Profit is profit, profit is profit, that is to say, it can be profitable all year round and is very popular. The word "benefiting the market" has existed since ancient times, and it was recorded as early as the year of the "Three Life Club", meaning "less money and more profits". In the Book of Changes, the Yuan Dynasty also mentioned that "for good luck, you should ask the host family for auspicious city", which shows that auspicious city also has auspicious meaning. According to the textual research proverb, "doing business is for the benefit of the market, and doing things is for the benefit of the people". Businessmen call it "doing business for the benefit of the market", which means doing anything.

Fired bamboo

There is a saying in China that "open the door and set off firecrackers". That is, when the new year is coming, the first thing for every household to open the door is to set off firecrackers to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. Firecrackers are a specialty of China, also known as "fireworks", "firecrackers", "firecrackers" and "firecrackers". Its origin is very early. Regarding the evolution of firecrackers, Yi Za Zhu records: "Ancient firecrackers. They are all popular with real bamboo, so Tang poetry is also called explosive pole. Later people rolled paper for it. It is called "firecrackers".

The original purpose of firecrackers is to meet the gods and drive away ghosts. Later, it developed into a symbol of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new with its strong festive color. Setting off firecrackers can create a festive and lively atmosphere, which is an entertainment activity in festivals and can bring happiness and good luck to people.

3. What did the ancients play during the New Year?

In ancient times, the Spring Festival was like a marathon carnival, which lasted from the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th Lantern Festival.

The new year is to prepare for the new year. The theme is to worship the kitchen god, clean up and buy new year's goods. Chefs of every dynasty have different tastes. Mutton, fish, pork, distiller's grains, maltose, beans and cakes are all eaten by chefs.

Sacrificing the kitchen god is a man's job, and cleaning is a woman's job. Years ago, it was Mrs. Wang and Wang Xifeng who led the servants to do spring cleaning. There was no 84 disinfectant in ancient times, and disinfection depended entirely on salt. Especially the ancestral hall, must be cleaned up.

After the cleaning, buybuy is the most popular activity for women in buy buy-Buy in buy buy, and the new year market is even more popular than Double Eleven!

Clothes, headdress, Spring Festival couplets, peach symbols, door gods, New Year pictures, New Year wine, colored silk, candy, charcoal brazier, broom, calendar. As long as they sell well with the new year's goods, the courier boys are collectively exhausted.

Three or five days before New Year's Eve, people began to distribute new year's goods among colleagues, relatives, friends and neighbors. Ordinary people send something to eat, and the annual gifts of official families are varied. In recent years, Wu Zhuangtou's annual gift to Jia family is worth 2,500 taels of silver, equivalent to 500,000 yuan.

The annual ceremony is often the weather vane of the workplace: I am optimistic about you, and the annual ceremony will rise by 30%; I think you will fail, and your gifts will be reduced by 20% every year.

Wang Anshi, a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem that has been circulating for many years: "Firecrackers kill one year old, and the spring breeze warms Tu Su. Thousands of families always trade new peaches for old ones. "

Hanging peach symbols is to ward off evil spirits and avoid ghosts; The Spring Festival couplets are posted to welcome the Spring Festival. It is said that Tu Su wine can prevent the plague, and there are peppers in the wine, which is unforgettable.

Before the Southern Song Dynasty, the ancient people did not set off firecrackers during the New Year, but set off firecrackers. First light a fire in the yard, and then throw the bamboo into the fire. Bamboo will make a "crackling" sound when it burns.

People not only throw bamboo into the fire, but also throw broken brooms, idle small objects and the like. Isn't this running away from home?

There was no Spring Festival party in ancient times, but it was quite lively. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, there was an exorcism on New Year's Eve, and men, women and children wore masks to form a group to dance in the street. Is there a fire?

Of course, there should also be some routine items, such as eating New Year's Eve, keeping New Year's Eve and eating.

Those who continue to treat guests, pay New Year's greetings and eat New Year's wine can eat until the fifteenth day of the first month.

Sounds tired, doesn't it?

In fact, there were many entertainment programs in ancient times. For example, the amazing illusion in the film "Excellent Pop Arrangement" can be seen in the acrobatic performance of the first day of Han Dynasty!

In addition, rich people will invite opera troupes to sing at home, which is more maximized than watching 3D images. It must be privately ordered. We can also laugh and play cards together.

Of course, the most interesting thing is the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month. Lantern Festival has always been a Valentine's Day when unmarried men and women meet romantically.

In the TV series A Dream of Red Mansions, Princess Taiping and Xue Shao meet at the Lantern Festival! On the Lantern Festival, men, women and children enjoy lanterns together. Solve riddles on the lanterns, eat Yuanxiao, set off fireworks, watch lion dance and monkey show. This is so exciting.

It is said that there is a Lantern Festival in the Song Dynasty, and the program list is very rich. There are operas, acrobatics, talk shows, storytelling, sumo wrestling, magic, dancing, football matches and shadow play, which seems more interesting than the modern Lantern Festival!

After eating, you can also make an appointment for fitness.

On the night of Lantern Festival, women walk together to "walk through all kinds of diseases", walk through every bridge, dispel all kinds of diseases and pray for good health. Well, it can burn a lot of calories. Absolutely healthy!

Let's see, is it more interesting for ancient people to celebrate the New Year? We modern people can only envy and hate!