What is the full name of Iraq?

Iraq, referred to as Iraq for short, is located in southwest Asia and northeast Arabia. It covers an area of 446,5438+08,390 square kilometers (including 924 square kilometers of water in the neutral zone between Iraq and Saudi Arabia and 3,522 square kilometers of Iraq). It borders Turkey in the north, Iran in the east, Syria and Jordan in the west, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait in the south and the Persian Gulf in the southeast. The coastline is 60 kilometers long. The width of the territorial sea is 12 nautical mile. The southwest is a part of the Arabian Plateau, leaning towards the eastern plain; There are Kurdish mountains in the northeast, desert areas in the west, and Mesopotamia plain, which occupy most of the country. Between the plateau and the mountains, most of them are less than 100 meters above sea level. The Euphrates River and Tigris River run through the whole territory from northwest to southeast, and meet in Kurna to form Shatai Arabian River, which flows into the Persian Gulf. The mountainous areas in the northeast have a Mediterranean climate, while others have a tropical desert climate. The highest temperature is above 50℃ in summer and around 0℃ in winter. The rainfall is relatively small, with an average annual rainfall of 100-500mm from south to north and 700mm in the northern mountainous area.

Iraq is divided into 18 provinces with counties, townships and villages. 18 provinces are: Anbar, Erbil, Babylon, Muthanna, Baghdad, Najaf, Basra, Nenawa and Dhi Qar. Salahuddin, Dohuk, Sulaymaniyah, Karbala, Tamim, Missan and Wasit.

Iraq has a long history. The two river basins are one of the cradles of ancient civilizations in the world, and polis appeared in 4700 BC. In 2000 BC, the Babylonian Kingdom, Assyrian Empire and Post-Babylonian Kingdom, one of the four ancient civilizations, were established one after another. It was destroyed by the Persian Empire in 550 BC. It was annexed by the Arab Empire in the 7th century. /kloc-ruled by the Ottoman Empire in the 6th century. 1920 became the "mandated territory" of Britain. 1921August declared independence, established the kingdom of Iraq and established the Faisal dynasty under the protection of Britain. 1932 gained complete independence. Iraq was founded in 1958.

The population of Iraq is about 23.58 million (estimated by the International Monetary Fund in 20001year), of which Arabs account for about 73% of the total population, Kurds account for about 2 1%, and the rest are Turks, Armenians, Assyrians, Jews and Iranians. Arabic is the official language, Kurdish is the official language in the northern Kurdish region, and Persian is spoken by some tribes in the eastern region. General English. Iraq is an Islamic country and Islam is the state religion. 95% of the people in China believe in Islam, of which 54.5% are Shiites and 40.5% are Sunnis. Kurds in the north also believe in Islam. Most of them are Sunnis, and only a few believe in Christianity or Judaism.

Iraq has unique geographical conditions and rich oil and natural gas resources. The proven oil reserves have reached 1 125 billion barrels, which is the second largest oil storage country in the world after Saudi Arabia, accounting for 15.5% and 14% of the total proven oil reserves of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and the world respectively. Iraq is also rich in natural gas reserves, accounting for 2.4% of the total proven reserves in the world.

Iraq's arable land accounts for 27. 6%, agricultural land is heavily dependent on surface water, mainly concentrated in the Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris River and the Euphrates River. The agricultural population accounts for one third of the country's total population. The main crops are wheat, barley and jujube, and food cannot be self-sufficient. There are more than 33 million date palms in China with an average annual output of about 6.3 million tons. The main tourist spots in Iraq are city of ur site (2060 BC), Assyrian Empire site (9 10 BC) and hartle City site (commonly known as "Sun City"). Located 90 kilometers southwest of Baghdad, Babylon is a world-famous ancient city site. The legendary "Hanging Garden" is listed as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Besides, Seleucia and Nineveh along the Tigris River are famous places of interest in the ancient city of Iraq.

A long history has created a splendid culture in Iraq. Today, there are many historical sites in Iraq. Seleucia, Nineveh and Assyria along the Tigris River are all famous ancient cities in Iraq. Located on the right bank of the Euphrates River, 90km southwest of Baghdad, Babylon is the birthplace of human civilization, with the same fame as ancient China, India and Egypt. The rumored "hanging garden" is listed as one of the seven wonders of the world. Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, with a history of 1000 years, which is the epitome of its splendid culture. As early as the 8th century to13rd century, Baghdad became the political and economic center of West Asia and the Arab world, and the gathering place for scholars and bachelors. Universities include Baghdad, Basra and Mosul.

Baghdad: Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, is located in the middle of Iraq on both sides of the Tigris River, with an area of 860 square kilometers and a population of 5.6 million (2002). It is the political, economic, religious and cultural center of Iraq. The word Baghdad comes from ancient Persian, which means "God-given place". Baghdad has a long history. In 762 AD, Baghdad was chosen as the capital by Mansour, the second generation caliph of Abbasid Dynasty, and named as "City of Peace". In the center of the city is Mansour's "Golden Palace", surrounded by pavilions of royalty and prominent figures. Because the city is built in a circular wall, it is also called "Tuancheng".

From the eighth century to the thirteenth century, with the continuous expansion and development of Baghdad, its urban area gradually formed a pattern across the east and west banks of the Tigris River, which was connected by five bridges built successively. During this period, not only Arab-style buildings have sprung up, but also gold and silver vessels, cultural relics and antiques from all over the world, which is known as the city of natural history. It is said that the world-famous Arabian Nights began to spread from this period. Famous doctors, mathematicians, geographers, astrologers and alchemists from all over the world gathered here, forming a gathering place for scholars and leaving a glorious page in the history of human civilization.

Baghdad has a developed economy and owns 40% of the country's industries. Urban industries focus on oil refining, textile, leather making, paper making and food. There are railways, highways and aviation, which constitute the three-dimensional land and air traffic in Baghdad. The business here is prosperous, not only with modern shopping malls, but also with ancient shops in Arabic style.

Baghdad is a veritable ancient cultural capital with profound cultural heritage. There is the wisdom palace, built in the ninth century, with an observatory and a library. There is Mustansilia University, built in 1227, which is one of the oldest universities in the world. There is also Baghdad University, which is second only to Cairo University in scale, with 15 colleges. There are dozens of museums in Iraq, Baghdad, military affairs, nature and weapons, all of which are among the largest cities in the Middle East.

Iraq is a relatively developed country in the Middle East. Due to the war and other reasons, Iraq missed the recent Olympic Games. In Athens, they finally returned to the Olympic stage, and the performance of the men's soccer team was quite eye-catching, which delighted the world.