On The Complete Works of Peninsula

The largest peninsula in Africa is the Somali Peninsula and the largest island is Madagascar.

The Somali Peninsula is the largest peninsula in Africa. Because it looks like the horn of a rhinoceros, people call it the Horn of Africa.

The Somali Peninsula is mainly located in Somalia. The lowlands along the Gulf of Aden are the Bangu alluvial plain, which gradually narrows from west to east, with the width exceeding 100 km, and the narrowest part is only a few meters. Wind-blown sand dunes are distributed along the coast, and the Indian Ocean coast is also plain, and there are swamps in some places. The northern part of the peninsula consists of Pingdingshan block and mountains parallel to the Gulf of Aden. The northern slope is steep and the southern slope is gentle, with an altitude of 1000~ 1800 meters, and the highest point, Sulude Peak, is 2408 meters above sea level. It is an eastward extension of the mountain range on the edge of the plateau in southeastern Ethiopia. The southern part of the peninsula is a part of the Somali plateau in Gera, with an altitude of 500 ~1500m. This is a slightly cut undulating plateau with intermittent rivers.

Madagascar, located in the southeast sea of the African continent, is the fourth largest island in the world after Greenland, new guinea (also known as Irian Island) and kalimantan island, facing the African continent across the mozambique channel, with the nearest distance of 386 kilometers. It covers an area of 627,000 square kilometers. Madagascar is a mountain sloping to the west. The shape of the island is long and narrow, narrow in the north and south and wide in the middle, with the widest point reaching 576 kilometers. The coastline is 399 1km. It is the largest island where the Tropic of Capricorn crosses the Indian Ocean.

The whole island of Madagascar is composed of volcanic rocks. The average elevation in the central part is 800- 1500m, which is usually called the central plateau. Arautela Lake, located in the central plateau, is the largest lake in Madagascar. The eastern part is a belt-shaped lowland with many sand dunes and lagoons. The west is a gentle slope plain, which gradually descends from the 500m plateau to the coastal plain. There are four rivers: Bezibuka River, Gigi Lai Buchner River, Manguji River and Mangulu River.