The Evaluation of Han Xin's Death in Historical Records

Sima Qian: "Han Xin and Lu Wan were not in the realm of virtue and goodness, but they changed their minds for a while and succeeded by deception. They were determined in the early Han dynasty, so they were listed as land and called orphans in the south. Seeing that suspicion is strong inside and relying on foreign help, it is a pity that the Japanese are self-defeating and have poor intelligence. Isn't it sad to die in Xiongnu? "

Tai Shigong said: Han Xin and Lu Wan are not aristocratic families who have always accumulated virtues, but they are lucky enough to improvise and succeed through fraud and violence, just as the Han Dynasty was just established, so they can enfeoffment their territory and the south is king.

Suspected to be strong at home and dependent on foreign aid abroad. So more and more alienated by the emperor, in danger, cornered and helpless, and finally forced to go to the Huns. Aren't you sad?

Sima Qian's Records of the Historian (Volume 92) and Biography of Huaiyin Hou (Volume 32) recorded the life story of Han Xin, the founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty, and highlighted his military talents and numerous military exploits. Merit is higher than the world, but it ended in genocide. Infused the author's infinite sympathy and emotion.

Be defeated and killed

In the tenth year of Emperor Gaozu (BC 197), Han Xin ordered Wang Huang and others to surrender Chen Yi, which led him to believe wrongly. In the spring of 11th year, Han Xin invaded ginseng with tarquin to resist the Han Dynasty.

The Han Dynasty sent Chai Wu to lead the troops to meet the challenge. Chai Wu first wrote to Han Xin, saying, "Your Majesty is very kind. Although some princes betrayed and fled, when they surrendered again, they always resumed their original titles and did not kill them. Your majesty knows all this. Now you have fled to Xiongnu because of defeat, and there is no big crime. Come and contribute quickly! "

Han Xin wrote back and said, "It is my great honor that the emperor promoted me from the common people in the alley and made me the South King. The battle of Xingyang, loyal to death, was detained by Xiang Yu. This is my first charge. Xiongnu invaded Mayi, so I couldn't keep the city and surrender. This is my second accusation.

Now it is to lead troops for the enemy, fight for the general, and fight for a living head at this moment. This is my third accusation. Wen Zi and Fan Li did not commit a crime together, but after their success, one was killed and the other escaped. Now I have committed three crimes against the emperor, and I want to live in the world. This is why Wu Zixu was killed in Wu.

Now I run for my life and hide in the valley, begging for a living from barbarians every day. My homesickness is the same as that of a paralyzed person who never forgets to walk upright and a blind person who never forgets to open his eyes and have a look, but the situation does not allow it. When the two armies were at war, Chai Wu entered the city and killed Han Xin.

Extended data

One of the causes of Han Xin's death.

Han Xin helped Liu Bang to fight for his country and pursue Xiang Yu. When he pursued Xingyang, he held his ground. Somehow, Liu Bang went to ask Xiao He, and Xiao He said, "He wants to seal it." Liu Bang immediately named Han Xin the "King of the Three Qi Dynasties", that is, the King of Heaven, the King of the Earth and the King.

It was also named as the "Five Immortals", that is, seeing the sky and seeing the earth, seeing that the king will not die, without a rope and a knife. Han Xin pursued and defeated Xiang Yu, which laid a solid foundation for Liu Bang.

Liu wanted to kill Han Xin because he was afraid that Han Xin was too powerful to conquer his own world, but he personally sealed the "three kings" and "five immortals" of Han Xin. How did he get killed? He figured out a way to kill Han Xin and told Lv Hou.

Lv Hou called Han Xin to the palace and said to Han Xin, "You have committed the crime of rebellion. Your Majesty told me to kill you." Han Xin said, "That won't do. The king has sealed me from death. I have to talk to the king face to face. " Lv Hou said, "Hum, you can't see the king. See where you are? "

Han Xin looked around at the gloomy environment. Looking up, the ceiling was covered so tightly that he could not see for a day. Look down, there is a blanket on the ground. He can't see any land, and he can't see the king. He couldn't help complaining.

Before Han Xin could speak, Lv Hou added, "Your Majesty gave you five immortals, and we have done so. I know you still have to say: there is no rope to tie you, no knife to kill you, we don't need these. " Say that finish, a wave of his hand, dozens of ladies-in-waiting respectively on both sides, each holding a stick hammer, set, surrounded, a burst of disorderly play, killed Han Xin alive.

Han Xin's second cause of death

According to another legend, Liu Bangceng promised that as long as Han Xin "stands tall in the Han Dynasty, he would never add a weapon to his body. 」

So when Han Xin was killed, Lv Hou hung in the Changle Palace clock, his head was covered by the clock, and the sun was not seen; Feet hanging on the ground: so you can't stand up.

Lv Hou also used a bamboo knife (sharpened bamboo) or a peach wooden sword instead of edged weapons (knives, swords and other edged weapons) to avoid breaking the promise of that year, but it was not recorded.

Baidu Encyclopedia-The Death of Han Xin

Baidu Encyclopedia-Han Xin