Is datura a poison? Is datura poisonous?

Is datura a poison? Many people should know datura flower from martial arts novels. In fact, datura flower is a kind of drug, and it itself has a certain degree of toxicity. In ancient times, when there were no anesthetics, datura flower was used. Flowers are used for anesthesia. It can be said that Datura flower is a toxic Chinese medicinal material.

1. Introduction to Datura

Legend

The black datura that drinks human blood

A very beautiful flower The flower language turned out to be: terror, deceitful love, deceitful love, unpredictable darkness, death and wandering love. In front of the mandala, the ancients were no longer deceived by its appearance. The magical effect it brought to people made it full of mystery. Legend has it that because the mandala's intertwined roots resemble a human shape, Westerners in the Middle Ages began to speculate about the strange-looking mandala. At that time, it was said that when the mandala was dug up by its roots, it would scream and hear screams. People are either dead or crazy. Among them, the story of Black Mandala is even more frightening.

In Western legends, the black datura flower is considered the best flower, a noble, elegant and mysterious flower. Datura in the dark is a flower that looks like a lily. It blooms at night and closes during the day. Its fragrance is light and elegant. If you smell it too much, you will have slight hallucinations. It is said that there is an elf living in every black mandala flower, which can help you realize your wish, but in exchange for human blood. As long as you water the enchanting black mandala with your own blood, when it blooms, the elf in the flower will grant one of your wishes. But be sure to water it with your own blood, because the elves like this warm and deadly feeling.

Medicinal use

Give "Mongolian sweat medicine" to people in need

In martial arts movies, thieves often pour a little powder into steamed buns, wine and dishes, and after people eat it The image of him falling to the ground and unconscious within seconds. Ms. You said that this situation may indeed occur, but the effect has been exaggerated, and "time does not happen so fast." According to her understanding, the entire Datura plant is highly toxic. “Because it contains alkaloids, it is highly toxic to humans, livestock, fish and birds, among which the fruits and seeds are more toxic.” So, it is native to India. , what kind of medicinal effects does Datura datura, which was later introduced to Guangxi as a medicinal plant, have?

Huang Zhiqiang, the attending physician of the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Nanning Red Cross Hospital, said that datura is now mostly used as an anesthetic. The leaves, flowers, stems and roots all have medicinal value. Generally speaking, it has analgesic, anesthesia, and cough relieving properties. Asthma-relieving effect. The medicinal ingredients contained in Datura can relax muscles and inhibit sweat gland secretion. Therefore, the ancients named the anesthetic made from this flower "Mongolian sweat medicine". Datura flowers, roots, fruits, etc. contain hyoscyamine and other alkaloids that have a strong sedative effect. However, if the dosage is too high, it can lead to poisoning reactions such as confusion, confusion, hallucinations, coma, paralysis, etc. "Now the main purpose is to give this drug to people who need it." Huang Zhiqiang said.

In addition, different parts of the flower have different effects. For example, the flowers have the effect of removing dampness, relieving coughs and relieving pain, and can treat epilepsy and cold asthma, and can be decoctioned to treat various wind-induced paralysis and cold-damp athlete's foot; the petals have a particularly good analgesic effect and can treat neuralgia, etc.; the leaves and seeds can be used Used for antitussive and analgesic purposes. "As medicinal materials, Guangxi has unique advantages in using them." Huang Zhiqiang said that there are more datura in Guangxi, making it easy to collect them for medicine. The Song Dynasty's "Lingnan Daida" says: "Guangxi Datura flowers grow all over the fields. They have large leaves and white flowers. They are as strong as eggplants and covered with small thorns. They are medicinal (poisonous) grass. Thieves collect them, dry them, and use them as medicine. Give people food and drink to make them drunk and bored."

"Ma Fei San" includes Datura

Anyone who has read "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" knows the story of "Guan Yu scraping bones to cure poison". During the battle with Cao Jun, Guan Yu was hit by an aconite poisonous arrow and was seriously injured. He quickly recovered after being "scraped on the bones to cure the poison" at the hands of Hua Tuo. When people admire Guan Yu's heroic spirit and Hua Tuo's superb medical skills, it is difficult to think of a plant called Datura. However, according to later research, the reason why patients did not feel pain during Hua Tuo's surgical operations was mainly due to his secret recipe "Ma Fei San". With its help, Hua Tuo could perform surgeries on people.

Huang Zhiqiang said that although the ingredients of Mafei Powder are not yet clear, the two anesthetics of datura and acanthus are basically locked at the moment.

Hyoscyamus is the seed of Hyoscyamus. "Eating too much can make people run wild." "Crazy walking" is caused by the anesthetic effect of taking a certain amount of Hyoscyamus and the phenomenon of confusion. Now, people have figured out that the main ingredients in scopolamine are scopolamine and atropine. Scopolamine has sedative and analgesic effects. After applying larger doses, it can produce a hypnotic effect.

Treatment methods for datura poisoning

The main clinical manifestations of datura poisoning are: dry mouth, burning throat, congestion, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, nausea, and vomiting , intestinal and abdominal distension, dry and flushed skin, occasional erythema, dizziness, headache, dilated pupils, blurred vision, conjunctival congestion, slow or absent light reflex, occasional yellow vision, diplopia, strabismus, glaucoma, and tachycardia , irregular heartbeat, deepened breathing, frequent and strong pulse, mania, hallucinations, etc.

1. After poisoning, you should seek time for rescue. Generally, you should induce vomiting by touching the throat first, or use 0.5 grams of copper sulfate each time, dissolved in 100 to 250 ml of water, and then swallowed. Then use 1:5000 potassium permanganate, or use 2 to 4 tannic acid, or use strong tea to lavage the stomach to precipitate alkaloids. Use magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate for laxatives.

2. Drink a large amount of sugar water, take egg white or medicinal charcoal solution to precipitate alkaloids, absorb toxins and protect mucous membranes. Intravenous fluids are given to promote elimination of poisons.

3. Symptomatic treatment:

① If blood pressure drops and limbs feel cold, stimulants such as caffeine should be given.

② If you have difficulty breathing, use 5 to 10 ml of the parasympathetic stimulant pilocarpine for subcutaneous injection. Once every 15 minutes until the above symptoms disappear. Ephedrine can also be used to detoxify.

③If the pupils are dilated, you can use pilocarpine eye drops or physostigmine salicylate eye drops.

④ When feeling restless or having convulsions, give sedatives, such as diazepam, chlorpromazine, chloral hydrate, etc. Antibiotics are given in case of infection, and ATP, coenzyme A, and hormones are given in case of heart failure. When comatose, use a small amount of dehydrating agent to prevent cerebral edema. If necessary, give respiratory stimulants, oxygen, and artificial respiration.

⑤ When the body temperature is too high, low-temperature water baths and other physical cooling methods can be used, and antipyretics can be used as appropriate. If necessary, use liquid paraffin drops in the eyes and nasal cavity to keep them moist.

2. Matters concerning drinking traditional Chinese medicine

Experts believe that when taking most traditional Chinese medicine decoctions orally, the best temperature is 30°C to 35°C, and the bitterness is the weakest. If taken cold, it can easily cause gastrointestinal irritation, leading to vomiting, abdominal pain, etc. At this time, you can rub your tongue with ginger or take ginger soup hot to relieve it.

Generally speaking, any water that people can drink in daily life can be used to cook Chinese medicine. Soaking Chinese herbal medicine pieces before decoction is conducive to the full dissolution of the active ingredients and shortens the decoction time. Most medicines should be soaked in cold water for 60 minutes. The amount of water used is generally as follows: in the first decoction, the Chinese medicine pieces are properly pressurized so that the liquid level submerges the pieces by about 2 cm; in the second time, less water can be used. After the first frying is completed, filter out the concoction and add water again until it is 0.5 to 1 cm above the level of the concoction.