Our army liberated the main part of Nanyang in the Central Plains, and the words expressing the author's happy mood are as follows.

The Battle of Crossing the River 1949 started on the evening of April 20th and ended on June 2nd. The key to the battle is three or four days after the start. At the moment of decisive victory in the battle of crossing the river, Mao Zedong personally wrote "A Million Troops of the People's Liberation Army Crossing the River in China" and reported the situation in time, which greatly inspired the people of the whole country and the soldiers of the whole army, and played a great role in disintegrating the enemy's fighting spirit and inspiring the morale of our army.

To quickly understand the main content of news is to look at the headlines. "A million troops of the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River", and we can feel the grandeur of the battle from the troops crossing the river. This is an unprecedented spectacle in the history of human war. As you can imagine, thousands of ships are in full swing on the surface of a thousand miles of river, braving the bullets and going forward, taking pictures of the other side. It is conceivable that the people of Jiangnan who are looking forward to liberation day and night are so excited!

To know the news content in detail, just look at the lead. It can also be known from the introduction that the crossing area is 1000 Li Long from Jiujiang (excluding) in the west to Jiangyin in the east. From the introduction, we can also know the overall situation of the campaign. The enemy's defense line was broken and the battle won a decisive victory.

To understand the content of news more carefully is to look at the main part. The main part reports the progress of the three-way army crossing the river, and the list is as follows:

time

military strength

Crossing the Force

Zhonglujun

Anqing-Wuhu

20th night -2 1 night

300 thousand

300 thousand

West route army

Jiujiang-Anqing

22nd 2 1, 17: 00-22: 00

350 thousand

2/3

East route army

Nanjing-Jiangyin

22nd 2 1, 17: 00-22: 00

350 thousand

most

The main part also analyzes the reasons why the Chinese and western enemy forces have no fighting spirit. Our army is brave and aggressive, but the enemy has been weakened by our own peace talks.

This news is great. As the commander-in-chief of the whole army, Mao Zedong summed up all the battles and reported the battle of crossing the river comprehensively, which reflected the majestic momentum of the whole battle and showed great tolerance.

This news is accurate, concise, forceful, and written and spoken language are interspersed, which complement each other.

Second, the problem research

1. How to grasp the various elements of this news?

The elements of news are also narrative elements, including people, time and place, the cause, process and result of events. News is relatively short, so it is not difficult to master the six elements of news. As long as you turn the six elements into six questions and pay attention to these six points when reading, you can clearly grasp them. For example, after reading that "the People's Liberation Army Middle Route Army on the north bank of the Yangtze River first broke through the Anqing and Wuhu lines and crossed to Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang within 24 hours", six questions hung in my mind, and I would pay attention to them: Who? There are 300,000 people in the Central Route Army. Time? Within twenty-four hours from the twentieth night. Where is it? Anqing and Wuhu lines. Why? Do you want to cross the river after that? Break through Anqing and Wuhu lines. And the result? After crossing 300,000 people, it crossed Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang areas. The various elements of general news works are not so concentrated, but the method of grasping the elements is the same. It is easy to grasp the content of the plot by getting into the habit of paying attention to elements and reading other narrative works.

In this news, when it comes to the Middle Route Army, the West Route Army and the East Route Army, we must grasp various elements separately.

2. Explore the layout of the article: Why do you describe it in the order of China, West and East? At the same time, the marked army and the East Route Army launched a river crossing operation. Why do you say marked army first, and then East Army? Why can we talk about the three links in one go?

The middle route army first launched the battle of crossing the river, so let's talk about it first. Like the middle route army, the marked army encountered the same enemy situation. The enemy's resistance is weak, while the resistance of the enemy on the eastern front is more tenacious. So marked then said, together, we can discuss. Finally, it is said that there was a fierce battle on the East Road, and the trend of literary thought was also surging.

The main body of this news has three roads and three levels. Looking at the connection of the three levels, we can realize the truth of the whole article in one go. Both the middle road and the west road start from time. The first floor of the middle road begins with "from the twentieth night" and the first floor of the west road begins with "from 5 pm on the 21st", which are parallel, distinct and closely connected. After talking about the west road, they chatted together. The last sentence of the discussion is "Tang believes that the defense line in Jiangyin section of Nanjing is very strong, and the weakness only exists in Jiujiang line of Nanjing. Unexpectedly, it was the day when Tang arrived in Wuhu that the eastern defense line was broken by our army. " . The topic changed from "west" to "east" and moved to the next level skillfully and naturally. It can be seen that the author attaches great importance to the relationship between layers, so the full text is smooth and coherent.

3. Language exploration: How does the author make accurate, concise and powerful sentences?

Accurate, first of all, accurate words. For example, "breakthrough" and "breakthrough" have different meanings and are both used accurately. For another example, after a day of fierce fighting, part of the enemy was annihilated and the other part was defeated. I didn't say "annihilate" or "defeat", but said "I have annihilated and defeated all the resisting enemies".

A word often has a degree of difference, and sometimes it needs to be explained clearly to be accurate. For example, "the enemy resistance here is relatively tenacious" and the word "comparison" is very accurate. Tang, on the other hand, "thinks that the defense line in Jiangyin section of Nanjing is very strong", coupled with a "ten", shows his conceited psychology.

What must be explained clearly is unambiguous. For example, adding "excluding" after "Jiujiang in the west" is also for clarity.

This refined and sonorous language deserves attention in two aspects. One is to use monosyllabic words instead of disyllabic words. Telegrams are extremely concise, and military language requirements are more firm. The second is the proper use of classical Chinese words. For example, "until power generation time" is decisive, and if it is written as "until power generation time", it will be delayed. Another example is "present occupation", not "present occupation". There are many such examples.

Many sentences in this news are very literary. For example, "the enemy of my marked army also retreated face to face, without fighting spirit." The resistance our army encountered was very weak. " However, when it comes to the feelings of Kuomintang officers and men, it is very colloquial. "I don't want to fight again." "I am very discouraged to hear that Nanjing refuses peace." Whether elegant or vulgar, each has its own wonderful.

Our army liberated Nanyang in the Central Plains.

First, the overall grasp

Nanyang has been a strategic place since ancient times. The liberation of Nanyang by our army is of great military significance, which indicates that Chiang Kai-shek has embarked on the road of losing ground and our army has embarked on the road of winning ground. Mao Zedong personally wrote this news. The great changes in the military situation in the Central Plains over the past year or so from the liberation of Nanyang reflected the excellent situation that Chiang Kai-shek would lose and our army would win, and inspired the soldiers and civilians in the liberated areas to forge ahead courageously.

This news is not segmented. To grasp the content of the full text, we need to be hierarchical.

The first layer is the introduction, which summarizes the liberation of Nanyang by our army in the Central Plains and points out the background and time when Nanyang abandoned the enemy and fled south.

The second layer is background information, which shows that Nanyang has an important strategic position in the military since ancient times with two historical materials.

The third layer reviews the change of Chiang Kai-shek from attaching importance to Nanyang to giving up Nanyang in the past year, and points out the background of Chiang Kai-shek's total defeat.

The fourth layer, from the basic liberation of Henan Province to the great victory of the People's Liberation Army in the southern line over the past year.

There are three main achievements. First, a solid base area has been restored and established, and seven military regions have been established, greatly expanding the old base areas.

Second, a large number of regular Kuomintang troops were eliminated and the armed forces of our party were developed.

Third, we corrected the "Left" strategy and adopted the correct strategy, isolating the enemy and consolidating the base areas.

The fifth layer predicted the dark future of Nanyang fleeing enemy Wang Lingyun.

Reading this news, we can feel that after the China People's Liberation War turned into a strategic offensive stage, our army completely grasped the initiative of the national battlefield. After more than a year of heroic fighting, Chiang Kai-shek was completely annihilated and the defeat was irreversible.

Second, the problem research

Why did this news not only report the liberation of Nanyang, but also summarize the achievements of the People's Liberation Army in the southern line for more than a year?

The liberation of Nanyang is the inevitable result of the great victory of the People's Liberation Army in the southern line for more than a year, so the day of Nanyang liberation is the best time to sum up the great victory in the past year. On the other hand, summing up the achievements of more than a year can also explain why Chiang Kai-shek abandoned the south of the city and fled.

Practice note

First, when reading news, we should pay attention to its six elements (that is, narrative elements): people, time, place, the cause, process and result of events. Try to clarify the six elements of these two news respectively.

The purpose of setting the topic is to let students master the contents of two news items by using the knowledge of six elements of news.

the chinese people's liberation army million army crossed the yangtze river

Character: People's Liberation Army Million Troops

Time: from the night of April 20th to 22: 00 on April 22nd 1949.

Location: Jiujiang (excluding) in the west, and the Yangtze River coastline of Jiangyin in the east.

Cause of the incident: Kuomintang reactionaries refused to sign a peace agreement, and the People's Liberation Army launched a river-crossing operation to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek and liberate all China.

Process and result: The Middle Route Army first broke through the Anqing and Wuhu lines, and all 300,000 people crossed the river to occupy the south bank of the Yangtze River. Three hundred and fifty thousand marked troops have crossed two thirds and occupied the vast positions on the south bank. The East Route Army, with 350,000 troops, has crossed more than half of the country. After a whole day of fierce fighting, all the enemies of resistance were annihilated and defeated, the south bank position was occupied, Jiangyin fortress was controlled, and the railway line in Wuxi section of Zhenjiang was cut off.

Our army liberated Nanyang in the Central Plains.

Character: Central Plains of our army

Time:1948165438+1the afternoon of October 4th.

Venue: Nanyang

Cause of the incident: Chiang Kai-shek was forced to concentrate nearly 100 divisions of the entire southern line in two areas centered on Xuzhou and Hankou because of overall corruption. With the cooperation of my powerful field army and local troops, Chiang Kai-shek, who was trapped in Nanyang, had to abandon the south of the city and flee.

What happened: Nanyang People's Liberation Army began to March behind enemy lines last July, destroying a large number of enemies, expanding and consolidating base areas, strengthening people's armed forces and completely isolating the enemy. Wang Lingyun, the enemy on the defensive in Nanyang, abandoned the south of the city and fled, and our army immediately occupied Nanyang. From then on, except for some strongholds, all of Henan was liberated by us.

Second, when reading news, we should also pay attention to its five parts, namely, title, introduction, theme, background and conclusion. Introduction is the first paragraph or sentence at the beginning of news, which briefly reveals the core content of news; The subject is the backbone of the news, expressing the theme with sufficient facts, and further expanding and explaining the content of the lead; Background refers to the social and natural environment in which news takes place. Background and conclusion can sometimes be implied in the text. What is the introduction of "A Million Troops of the People's Liberation Army Crossing the Yangtze River", and from what aspects do you always get the full text; Its main part is divided into several levels, how to connect them together.

This topic teaches the knowledge of news structure, and requires a detailed analysis of a news on two points by using knowledge.

Its introduction is the first two sentences: "The People's Liberation Army, with a million troops, broke through the enemy's defense lines from a front of more than 1,000 miles and crossed the Yangtze River. Jiujiang in the west (excluding) and Jiangyin in the east are the crossing areas of the PLA. " This introduction leads to the full text from three aspects: combat power, front (that is, crossing the area) and war situation. The main part is divided into three levels, which respectively describe the cross-river operations of the Middle Route Army, the West Route Army and the East Route Army. The second level starts from "5: 00 pm on 2 1", which is tied with the first level starting from "the evening of the 20th". At the end of the second floor, it was said that Tang, a war criminal, went to Wuhu to supervise the war on the 21st, and talked about the reasons for the supervision: "Tang thinks that the defense line in Jiangyin section of Nanjing is very strong, and the weakness only exists in Jiujiang line of Nanjing." Then he laughed at Tang and said, "Unexpectedly, it was the day when Tang arrived in Wuhu that the eastern defense line was broken by our army." This sentence plays a connecting role between the second floor and the third floor.

Read two news stories aloud, then compare the two sentences in each group and tell which one is good and why.

(1) From the night of 20th, the PLA Central Route Army on the north bank of the Yangtze River first crossed the Anqing and Wuhu lines and reached Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang, crossing 300,000 people.

(2) From the night of 20th, the PLA Middle Route Army on the north bank of the Yangtze River first broke through the Anqing and Wuhu lines and crossed the river to Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang, with 300,000 people in 24 hours.

(Hint: Pay attention to the different expressive effects of words from their different meanings. )

As a result, on the 20th, the eastern defense line was broken by our army.

(2) Unexpectedly, it was the day when Tang arrived in Wuhu that the eastern defence was broken by our army again.

(hint: pay attention to the emotional color of comparative sentences. )

We are in all areas of Jianghuai Hehan, not only trees, but also forests. Not only take root and sprout, but also flourish.

(2) We have not only established a solid base area, but also extended it to the whole Jianghuai and Hehan areas. Our base areas have not only been consolidated, but also won the heartfelt support of the people.

(Hint: Pay attention to contrast from the vividness of language. )

This topic guides students to try to figure out words and sentences by comparative methods. Three small questions are explored from different angles, all of which have hints. Students should be guided to taste carefully in order to enhance their sense of language and learn language better.

The first little question, the second sentence is good. "Breakthrough" refers to the enemy's defense, and our army annihilates or defeats the defensive enemy and breaks through the enemy's defense. It doesn't mean you fought time travel. The meaning of "crossing to" is richer than that of "reaching", which has two meanings: crossing and reaching, and the text is concise and powerful. "Within 24 hours", the time is clear, which means crossing the river quickly and fighting smoothly. The word "* *" can't express these meanings.

The second question is good. "Unexpectedly, it was the day when Tang arrived in Wuhu" is ironic, mocking Tang for overestimating the firmness of the eastern defense line and underestimating the combat effectiveness of the PLA. If we say "the result is at 2 1", we have no feelings, which is the same as the previous sentence "2 1".

The third question is good. Vivid language, the image of the forest, the image of lush foliage, full of vitality and momentum.

Teaching suggestion

First, we should grasp the characteristics of news in style and the theme of war in subject matter.

"People's Liberation Army Million Troops Crossing the Yangtze River" is a traditional text, which was previously placed in the news communication unit, and the teaching often only pays attention to the characteristics of news genre. The theme of this unit is war. We should grasp the characteristics of news and the theme of war.

Grasping the characteristics of news and grasping the content of news complement each other. To talk about the five parts of news structure, we should not only talk about the whole, but also highlight the key points, and focus on the introduction.

As pointed out in the Resolution of the Producers' Party Central Committee of China on Several Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China, "the victory of the China Revolution was mainly achieved by relying on the completely new people's army led by our party and defeating powerful enemies through a long-term people's war." To learn two news stories, we should guide students to improve three basic understandings: China People's Liberation War created a great miracle in the history of human war; The PLA is brave and good at fighting; The victory of the China Revolution was hard-won.

Second, introduce the background information appropriately.

The former news needs to introduce the general situation of the whole battle of crossing the river, and the latter news needs to introduce the general situation of China People's Liberation War, especially after the strategic attack. As soon as the background information is introduced, many contents in the news are easy to understand. For example, the peace agreement mentioned in the previous news, and Chiang Kai-shek's various measures to adjust the deployment of troops mentioned in the later news, we can know what is going on if we know the background.

Third, from the characteristics of two news stories, guide students to learn innovative spirit.

"People's Liberation Army Million Troops Crossing the Yangtze River" summarizes a thousand-mile front, which is magnificent. "Our army liberated Nanyang in the Central Plains" is elegant and extensive. The two news stories have their own characteristics, so students should be guided to learn and absorb nutrition.

related data

First, news common sense

News, also known as news, is usually divided into four categories: dynamic news, comprehensive news, typical reports and news comments. Among them, dynamic news is the most commonly used one in newspapers and radio. It reports the latest major events or new weather and achievements at home and abroad.

Structurally, each piece of news generally includes five parts: title, introduction, theme, conclusion and background. The first three are the main parts, and the last two are the auxiliary parts. Titles generally include introduction, theme and subtitle; Introduction, generally referring to the first sentence or the first paragraph after the "electric head", is used to prompt the important facts of the news for readers to see at a glance; Theme, after the introduction, is the backbone of news, the central part of focusing on events, explaining problems and expressing opinions, and the key to the whole news; Conclusion, generally referring to the last sentence or paragraph of a message, is the end of the message and can be selected according to the needs of the content; Background is the historical situation or existing environment and conditions of things, and it is a subordinate part of news, which is often inserted in the main part and also in the "introduction" or "conclusion".

The characteristics of news are: clear standpoint, real and concrete content, quick response and concise and accurate language.

News writing: mainly narrative, sometimes discussion and description.

(Excerpted from "Compilation of Research Materials on Chinese Texts in Middle Schools", the fourth volume of junior middle schools, Sichuan Education Press, 1988 edition)

Second, the background of the PLA's million-strong army crossing the river

1947 From July to September, the China People's Liberation Army turned into a strategic offensive nationwide. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/948, the People's Liberation Army launched three campaigns in succession, namely Liaoshen, Huaihai and Ping Jin, which dealt a fatal blow to the Kuomintang reactionaries. In order to get a respite and make a comeback, Chiang Kai-shek announced his resignation on June1949+1October 2 1, and Li Zongren acted as president, supporting the endgame and plotting peace talks. At this critical moment in history, Chairman Mao wrote a New Year message "Carry the Revolution to the End" for Xinhua News Agency on19481,pointing out that the victory of the People's Liberation War was beyond doubt, and the Kuomintang reactionaries saw that the victory of the China People's Liberation Army could not be stopped by a simple military struggle, so they engaged in a "peace" plot. Don't give the enemy a chance to breathe and make a comeback. We must carry the revolution through to the end. 1949 April 15, the two sides negotiated, and we put forward eight clauses, 2 1, which limited Chiang Kai-shek's statement 20 days ago. On the 20th, the Nanjing Kuomintang government refused to sign the peace agreement, and the negotiations broke down. On April 2 1 day, Chairman Mao issued the Order to March to the Whole Country, ordering the People's Liberation Army to "March forward courageously, resolutely, thoroughly, cleanly and thoroughly annihilate all Kuomintang reactionaries who dare to resist in China, liberate the people of China and defend the independence and integrity of the territorial sovereignty of the people of China". In the early morning of 2 1, the people's liberation army carried out the marching orders of the commander-in-chief and launched the battle of crossing the river on the front line from the mouth of Jiujiang Lake in the west to Jiangyin in the east. The Kuomintang reactionaries struggled for three and a half months to run the Yangtze River defense line, which collapsed at the touch of a button. On the evening of 23rd, the People's Liberation Army liberated Nanjing and declared the collapse of the reactionary Kuomintang regime.

(The source is the same as above)

Three hundred thousand troops crossed the Yangtze River yesterday.

Xinhua News Agency, the front line of the Yangtze River at 2 o'clock on the 22nd. About 300,000 people from the heroic People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River on 2 1 day. The battle of crossing the river started at midnight on the 20th, between Wuhu and Anqing. The Kuomintang reactionaries have been attacking the Yangtze River defense line for three and a half months, but when the PLA seems to be completely annihilated, the army has no fighting spirit and has retreated. In less than 24 hours, 300,000 People's Liberation Army has broken through the enemy lines, occupied a large area on the south bank, and is now attacking Fanchang, Tongling, Qingyang, Digang and Lugang. The People's Liberation Army of China is fighting bravely and resolutely carrying out the orders of Chairman Zhu Mao, Commander-in-Chief.

(The source is the same as above)

Fourth, the writing characteristics of "A Million Troops of the People's Liberation Army Crossing the Yangtze River"

(1) Timely narration. The situation of the three armies crossing the river is arranged in chronological order. This arrangement, although the scene is big, is big but not chaotic; Although there are many contents, there are many but not miscellaneous.

(2) The details are appropriate. When reporting on various fronts, the pen is uneven, and the situation of the East Route Army is detailed and prominent. This is because the enemy's defense line is relatively strong, secondly, "the enemy's resistance here is relatively tenacious", and more importantly, this area is of strategic significance, which is directly related to whether the enemy can be surrounded and whether Nanjing can be liberated. Therefore, when reporting the progress of our army, it is different from the Chinese and Western armies in several aspects. First, it wrote the battle situation in detail; The second is to write the results in more detail.

(3) Combination of narration and discussion. After reporting the progress of the Central Route Army, insert a brief discussion to point out the reasons for our army's victory. First, our army is brave and good at fighting. Second, the vast number of officers and men of the Kuomintang unanimously hope for peace and are unwilling to fight again. This argument not only explains the political and military reasons for the victory of our army and the defeat of the enemy, but more importantly, it makes readers further understand the inevitable fate of the entire reactionary Kuomintang regime, thus deepening the theme of the report.

(4) roughing and refining. For such a huge and unprecedented great battle, there should have been a lot to report, such as how to prepare beforehand, how to mobilize in the face of the battle, how the soldiers are gearing up, how the broad masses of workers and peasants actively support the front, and so on. However, the author only chose the time, place, number of people, record and reason of victory when I crossed the river by the three-way army, which can best show the basic situation and the most prominent center of the battle. This is of course the special need of "news" genre, but it also reflects the author's ability to summarize and take notes.

(5) The language is concise. News reports require high language, especially important events. Language must be accurate, concise, clear and vivid. This press release is a model in this regard. When reporting the encounter between the enemy and ourselves, the resistance our army encountered in the middle road and the west road was summarized as "very weak"; East Road is summarized by "all-day fierce fighting". When reporting the results of our army, the words are also very measured. The marked army has occupied "the vast south bank position" and is "expanding southward". The Eastern Route Army occupied "vast areas" of several counties, and at the same time focused on attacking Jiangyin and Shanghai-Nanjing lines (Wuxi section of Zhenjiang). The fortress uses the verb "control", which means that it is not only occupied, but also manipulated by our army. This is the reason why the Yangtze River is "blocked".

(The source is the same as above)

5. Background information of "Our army liberated Nanyang in the Central Plains".

The news said that "last July, the People's Liberation Army on the southern line began to March bravely behind enemy lines" and also said that "the People's Liberation Army's great victory offensive". In the first year of China's People's Liberation War, the Kuomintang troops were wiped out 1 1.2 million. At the end of June, 1.947, the People's Liberation Army changed from strategic defense to strategic attack, and the main force advanced into the Central Plains, leading the war situation to the Kuomintang-ruled areas and annihilating a large number of Kuomintang troops on the exterior lines. Insist on interior-line operations and recover lost ground with some main forces and local armed forces. 10 June 10, the PLA headquarters issued a declaration calling on the people of the whole country to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek and liberate all China. In the second year of the war, the People's Liberation Army annihilated 6.5438+0.52 million Kuomintang troops and conquered a large number of key fortified cities, creating conditions for a strategic decisive battle with the Kuomintang troops. From 1948 to 1949 to 1, the People's Liberation Army carried out three major battles in succession: Liaoshen, Huaihai and Ping Jin.

This message was sent at 1948 1 1.5, and the Liaoshen campaign has been successfully ended. The telegram said: "Du Gang flew from Xuzhou to the northeast, suffered a disastrous defeat in World War I, and then fled to Huludao", referring to Chiang Kai-shek's failure in the Liaoshen campaign. The Huaihai Campaign was launched on June 6th, 1948+065438+, and the news came out on the eve of the Huaihai Campaign.