How do front-line teachers do projects?

Looking back on the process of doing the project, I just want to tell you that the research of the project is not as difficult as we thought. In fact, as long as we find the right entrance to the topic research, the topics studied by our front-line teachers are generally relatively small, and those related to our daily teaching work are more practical. Then do it according to the pre-conceived plan, and finally summarize how you did it, why you did it, and what are the benefits. A project is completed. Otherwise, I can't finish the project every year, and I am lucky enough to win the first and second prizes of papers at or above the district level. In fact, we can improve our sense of achievement by doing projects, solve some problems in our daily work, and improve our educational theory level and teaching practice ability through experimental research, study and thinking. Why do you say that? I will communicate with you from four aspects. First, what is the subject research? When I didn't do projects before, I always thought it was difficult to do scientific research, which should be done by experts. As a front-line teacher, I don't have the ability or time to do it (at that time, I felt that I was busy preparing lessons, correcting, dealing with students' violations and completing various tasks. To be honest, I didn't know how to do the project at that time. So what is subject research? Now my understanding is to make our daily work scientific, that is, to examine and guide the specific education and teaching work with the latest education and teaching theory. We can solve problems and puzzles in our work by doing tasks-finding problems and "thinking" in a more scientific and standardized form. I carried out the education of "labor technology" with the educational concept of "people-oriented", and reformed the teaching content and teaching methods in specific teaching. First of all, change teachers' educational concept: establish the target system of quality education; Create an interactive learning atmosphere between teachers and students; Form an open skill training system. Secondly, it is to change students' learning style: to carry out "research" learning activities; Carry out "designing" learning activities; Develop "experiential" learning activities. Through the cultivation of labor technology, students can form a correct concept of labor, a positive attitude towards life, and have the basic ability to engage in simple technical activities and technical learning. I think this is scientific research, with a research center (theoretical support) and specific operational ideas. At the same time, project research is to summarize our daily work into experience with a certain theoretical basis, and then guide the specific work, improve our education and teaching level, and make teaching more effective. To put it bluntly, subject research is to carry out our daily education and teaching work in a planned way under the guidance of certain theories, and constantly reflect on it in the work and improve our working methods. So as to improve their educational philosophy and teaching level. On page 17 of the Reference Book on Scientific Research and Training, there is a good explanation for this problem: "frontline teachers' participation in educational scientific research activities actually requires that teaching activities be carried out at a higher level, that is, starting with strengthening the scientific research elements contained in daily teaching, re-examining the teaching process with scientific research ideas, discovering and thinking about problems, forming strategies to solve problems, and verifying and perfecting them through teaching practice, so that teaching work can gradually develop in the optimal direction. At the same time, second, why do front-line teachers do tasks? Before answering this question, I want to talk about why I want to do research. First of all, I do research for my own promotion. The times are developing rapidly, and the pace of educational reform is also very fast. In the information society, if you want to gain a foothold, you must have the awareness and ability to keep learning; We should have the ability of practice and innovation. In order to adapt to the new requirements of quality education for our teachers: the teaching mode has changed from "experience" to "scientific research", in recent years, I can actively participate in teaching and scientific research practice, learn theory, update ideas, lead teaching research with scientific research, promote teaching reform with teaching research, and strive to improve my own quality. Become the biggest beneficiary of educational research. Professor Lin Chongde, a famous psychologist and educator, put forward in his academic reports from 65438 to 0985: "Teachers' participation in educational research is an important way to improve their own quality. "It seems that. I feel the same way about it. That's true. Doing project research is the best way to improve one's educational theory level and teaching practice ability. Doing a project needs theoretical support, so we must consult, collect and learn a lot of materials and books on pedagogy and psychology. Generally speaking, I read about 5-6 books on a topic. For example, when I was doing the research on Creative Education in Life and Labor, I read Creative Thinking Method, French Primary Education Survey, Ability and Quality Education, Creative Talents, Creative Education and Creative Learning, About the Essence and Characteristics of Creative Teaching Process and Reflection on Basic Education. To do a project, we should practice boldly, "learn while doing" and "reflect while doing". A subject is not static in practice, and it will be adjusted reasonably according to the reality of students and the feasibility of experiments. In this way, if you often engage in research, it is easy to form the habit of reflecting on teaching, which is the consciousness of scientific research. Secondly, I do projects to solve practical problems. I do research mainly to solve the problems and puzzles I found in education and teaching. These problems include teaching practice, student performance and school education. For example, when I was teaching the course "Life and Labor", I found many problems: the school was limited by venues and equipment, which hindered the development of life and labor education. In recent years, although the school has opened the course of Life and Labor, there are basically no workplaces and tools that match the teaching materials. The practical labor class has become a lecture class, and labor education has been divorced from labor practice. This family dotes on their children too much and doesn't let them take part in housework, which makes it impossible for students to cultivate their life and labor skills. Therefore, I imagine whether we can combine school education with family education and social education, and combine classroom education with extracurricular education to form an integrated education network of school, family and society to make up for the shortage of school education. 1998 "integrating school, family and society to cultivate students' living and working quality" was established as a district-level project. After a year of standardization experiment, the expected effect has been achieved. The teaching mode of "integration of school, family and society" provides students with more time, places and equipment for activities, enriches the content of activities, educates students in an all-round way, and enables students to learn to be a man, live, work and innovate in practice. Make the learning process of "life and labor" an important aspect of children's all-round development and improve the quality of students' life and labor. The achievements of this project won the first prize of outstanding scientific research achievements in the district. This is the first time that I won the thesis award, which is a great touch on my teaching career. Doing a project can not only help me solve practical problems, but also improve my teaching ability. Why not do it? The reason why front-line teachers want to do subject research is that I think it is nothing more than changing some educational status quo, promoting the improvement of their teaching level and making themselves gain something. Third, how do front-line teachers do tasks? This is a difficult question, there are too many things to say. Generally speaking, there are three main steps to do a project: the first step is to select a topic and establish a project; The second step is the actual operation; The third step is to analyze and summarize. Every step has a specific method. I combine my personal practical experience to talk about it mainly from four aspects. (1) Learn to choose topics. When we just entered the subject research, the topic selection is very important, because it provides a direction and a certain scope for our subject research. Although you can change the topic later, you should be careful when choosing an exact, practical and novel topic. So, where can we find inspiration for our project? First of all, we must have a sense of problems. To be a conscientious person in education and teaching, you should always observe everywhere and ask more questions in your work. He is good at finding problems in his work and summing up his own teaching experience. This is in line with the important feature of "thinking and doing" in educational research. If students don't like the phenomenon of raising their hands to speak, you can ask a question: "why don't students like raising their hands to speak?" "The answer is just his intelligence? Is it just her personality? That's not true. If you talk to students with scientific awareness, investigate. You will find that there are various reasons why students don't raise their hands to speak in class: there are reasons for learning attitude and insufficient preparation; Have the ability to learn, but can't teach themselves; There are psychological reasons, you are timid ... at this time, you should reflect again: children are the most eager to learn, full of curiosity about the world and full of question marks. But why don't they want to ask in class? Children are the most naive. They always want to grow up early and talk to adults. But why did he choose silence in class? This is a bit of a problem. " How to mobilize students' participation in class? "In this way, a topic is formed. Secondly, we should pay attention to students. The ultimate goal of project research is to promote the development of each student. Our research is for students, and the object of our research is students. It is very important to know the current situation of students in the research. Therefore, we should establish a "student-oriented" consciousness in our daily work. You can know your students' cognition, ability and emotional status by designing questionnaires, talking and observing, and analyze them to find the source of the research. Students' difficulties are our research topic, and students' shortcomings and deficiencies are our research topic. As a front-line teacher, I don't think we lack the source of topic selection. What we lack is the consciousness of extracting valuable topics from seemingly ordinary work. I remember the "self-protection" project I did in 2000. The direct source of the project was my son. At that time, they were all going to the first grade, but I found that their self-care ability and self-care ability were very weak. I have never crossed the road alone, and traffic safety is of little significance. Still chasing and fighting on the road; They don't take off their clothes and put on their clothes according to the cold or hot weather. I think of a female student I once taught. When she was in fifth grade, she needed a nanny to help her dress. She was afraid to go home by car alone. Nowadays, children are arranged by adults and lack self-protection awareness. I think how important it is to cultivate students' awareness and ability of self-protection. In this way, a topic was born Finally, this topic is established as a district-level topic. Recently, I set up a new topic "Study on the Mechanism of Primary School Students' Participation in Reading". It is also from the understanding of students' learning style and the requirements of the new curriculum standard. Children nowadays are not active in their studies. They are used to listening to teachers in class and being bystanders in their own study. If you are unhappy with your study, you feel that homework is a burden and that it is to complete the teacher's task. The new curriculum standard puts forward that students are the masters of Chinese learning. It emphasizes autonomy, encourages every student to participate actively, and fully respects students' autonomy from the determination of learning content, the organization and implementation of learning activities to the presentation of learning results. It pays special attention to the process of exploration and research, and pays attention to cultivating students' ability of active exploration, unity and cooperation and innovative practice in the process of comprehensive learning. Therefore, I think it is helpful to change students' learning state to build a "reading mechanism with primary school students' participation"; It helps students to form a learning style of autonomy, cooperation and inquiry as soon as possible; In the Chinese reading experience, it is helpful to the formation and development of students' Chinese literacy. (2) Learning theoretical literature. The work to be done after the topic selection is to consult the important documents related to this topic and further understand the topic selection. Through learning, we can not only improve our theoretical quality of education and teaching, find theoretical support for the project, but also determine the basic point of our own research. As a front-line teacher, we can improve our understanding of education and teaching theory from the following aspects. ① Learn professional theoretical knowledge. For example, books, newspapers and magazines on pedagogy and psychology. Chinese teachers can read Psychology of Chinese Teaching, Chinese Pedagogy in Primary Schools and On the Art of Writing Teaching in Primary Schools. Teachers of life and labor should read the National Textbook of Continuing Education for Primary and Secondary School Teachers: An Introduction to Primary School Labor Education, Primary School Labor Teaching Syllabus and teaching material analysis, Primary School Labor Evaluation and the newly published Comprehensive Practical Activity Curriculum-Design and Implementation, edited by Zhang Bingping and Liu Hongjun. But in order to save time, it is best to read magazines and newspapers such as educational abstracts, and read literature review, scientific research information and trends. Try to get the largest amount of scientific research information in a limited time. (2) Learning syllabus. Curriculum outline is the theoretical basis to guide our education. It is also the concrete embodiment of new educational ideas and theories in the discipline. At present, it is necessary to study the Interpretation of New Curriculum Standard repeatedly, which enables us to learn the theoretical knowledge of research in the shortest way. Understand the latest development trend of the course. The new curriculum reform is about to be fully implemented. This means that no matter what subjects we study and what textbooks we use, we must devote ourselves to this educational revolution with new teaching concepts and new teaching methods. Therefore, it is our direction to know the goal and background of the whole curriculum reform and the new teaching ideas and strategies. If you want to be busy and tired again, you should study the Curriculum Standards of the subjects you teach. From the new curriculum concept, objectives, content, evaluation and other aspects, we can also find the basis for our research. For example, I did a district-level project last year, entitled "Paying attention to professional fields and enhancing professional understanding-educational research on' professional understanding' in primary schools". It is one of the five curriculum objectives of labor technology education put forward in the Implementation Guide of Labor Technology Education for Grades 3-6: "Pay attention to the occupation field, enhance the occupation awareness and form a preliminary occupation awareness." Determine scientific research topics. This is the latest direction of curriculum development and is forward-looking. The project finally won the first prize of scientific research achievements in the district and the second prize of basic education achievements in Hangzhou. It shows that this topic has practical value, theoretical support and operability. ③ Learn from others' excellent experience. After the research topic is determined, it is necessary to collect other people's research data on similar topics and learn from other people's experience. In this way, we can know what our topic is: what have others done on this issue? What problems have been solved? What else is left for us to study? How did they study it? Is the result scientific? Knowing the level of other people's research, on the one hand, allows us to conduct specific research selectively according to our own specialties and abilities, on the other hand, it can avoid "crashing" and repeating the old path of being imitated, resulting in a waste of energy and material resources. To learn from other people's experience, you can look at famous books, such as Le Julian's "Teaching Fast Reading in Primary Schools". The most convenient way is to search online according to your research topic. I usually go to Google. Sometimes I go to soho. (3) Design a good project plan, and a detailed project plan is the guarantee for the success of the project research. I have heard experts engaged in scientific research say more than once that once the project plan is made, the project will be half successful. Shi, director of the Municipal Education Institute, said that he spent three months writing a project. Experts have to go through a "long exam" to write a project plan, which shows the important role of making a plan in project research. A project plan should be clear: research problems and their scope, research methods to be adopted, sampling of research objects, time arrangement, etc. What to study (research content) must be clear and operable. The benefits of designing a good project plan are mainly shown in the following aspects: ① It helps the project to carry out a detailed project plan in an orderly manner, and the steps of project investigation are essential. The research steps of the subject are mainly divided into three stages: preparation stage, practice stage and summary stage. This formulation ensures the orderly progress of the project. Let researchers know what they mainly do in each time period. General: preparation stage. Mainly do three things. 1, theoretical study. Collect, consult and analyze information on related topics. 2. Scheme design. Determine the content, objectives and steps of the study. 3. Project demonstration. Invite relevant experts to demonstrate the scientificity and feasibility of the project. Practical stage. Mainly do three things. 1, practice according to the content and strategy of the study. 2. Record and collect the written materials of the experiment. 3. Revise and improve the research scheme of the subject. Summary stage. Mainly do two things. 1, sort out the data, summarize the research experiments, and summarize the problems. 2, writing scientific research reports, research papers, comprehensive display of research results. ② Implementing a detailed project plan is helpful to the operation of the project, and it is also essential to the content and strategy of the project research. Doing the project is step by step. Therefore, the more detailed the research contents and methods, the better. That is, what you want to do and how to do it should be clearly stated in the project plan. For example, the methods of project research include observation, investigation, action research and educational experiment. When to use action research method and when to use investigation method in your research, there is stress. If you plan in detail in the project plan, there will be feasible chapters when you start to do the project. Generally speaking, the research method of this topic is the combination of action research and educational experiment. Action research method is formative experiment, generally in the early stage of subject research, and educational experiment method is confirmatory experiment, generally in the late stage of subject research. (3) It is helpful to reflect on the subject and sum up a detailed project plan, not to mention the purpose of the subject research. The proposal of the research purpose of the subject provides a basis for us to reflect on the subject. When doing a project, we should always reflect on whether our research has reached the predetermined goal according to the research purpose of the project. So as to sum up the experience of the experiment and revise the content and strategy of the research. (4) Good at cooperation and communication. (1) To get the support of students and parents, a successful research project cannot be separated from the support of students and parents. Especially the students' support and cooperation. Therefore, when you decide to do a project, you must let the students know the purpose of your research and what they need to cooperate with. Let students, parents and teachers build an experimental stage together. This is the basis of successful research. For example, in 1999, I did the project of "integrating schools, families and society to cultivate students' labor quality". There is an activity of "learning to plant flowers" in the experiment, such as buying flowers, planting flowers and enjoying flowers. This series of activities needs the strong support of students and parents. (2) To get the support of leaders and teachers, a successful project research can not be separated from the support of school leaders and teachers in the same group. Project research needs the atmosphere of discussion and the guidance of theory and practice ... so when we are doing a project, we should take the initiative to communicate with teachers in the research room, teachers in the same group, and even teachers in different disciplines to get help and support from others as much as possible. This is of great help to the research of the subject. For example, this time our group is going to do a study on the mechanism of primary school students' participation in reading, and I have drawn up the operation plan of the subject. In the group's teaching and research, everyone expressed their views on the operability of the scheme, especially Ceng Yi's suggestion, which I think is very valuable and helpful to improve our scheme and make the contents of some research more clear and operable. A person's ability is limited, and we need the cooperation of Qi Xin to carry out research. (3) To get the support of experts and their families, a successful research project cannot be separated from the support of experts and their families. Whether the project is finally successful or not, the most realistic thing is whether the project you have done has won an award or not, and whether it has been recognized by experts. Therefore, to do a project, we have to find teaching and research personnel and communicate with scientific research experts. Get their guidance as much as possible to make the research topic more rigorous and scientific. Of course, it is also important to get the support of your family during the research. Doing project research means "think it over, do it well". When the project is initiated and concluded, you should go home to read and write articles. So get the understanding of your family. 4. What are the benefits of front-line teachers doing projects? (1) helps to develop a rigorous work style and research rigor, and also makes my education and teaching more scientific and systematic. I can carry out my daily teaching work in a planned way-"think about it and do it". That is, work is carried out in the form of projects. For example, before the start of each semester, I should set students' actual goals according to the class situation, and organize students to formulate class rules and specific implementation measures according to the goals. For example, in the fourth grade, according to students' lack of self-confidence and self-discipline, I put forward the slogan of "self-confidence, self-discipline, cooperation and innovation". After a school year, through the joint efforts of teachers and students, the goals of the class have basically been realized. Students have a strong sense of class honor and have achieved good results in various competitions and activities. Won the first prize in the entry and exit competition, the first prize in the sports meeting and the first prize in the chorus competition. This semester, in order to better cultivate students' subjective ability to participate in life and study, I put forward the goal of "learning to learn, learning to be a man". The class cadres draw up the class meeting according to the target, and the class meeting will vote collectively, which has been revised and written. The advantage of carrying out the work in the form of projects is that the center of the work is clear, the work can be carried out in an orderly way, and the students can be educated in a targeted manner according to the actual situation. (2) It is helpful to form the consciousness of scientific research and teaching. As we all know, it is inevitable to consult information when doing a project. When you read a lot of books about education and teaching, it will help to form your own teaching philosophy. Teaching and scientific research practice has not only changed my educational concept, but also formed the habit of examining my daily work with new educational concepts. Consciously improve their own educational means and conduct reflective teaching. There are two main types of research. One is to study their own weaknesses, that is, to improve teaching methods from the perspective of teaching problems, such as "self-protection-loving life education" and "integrating school, family and society to cultivate students' labor quality". One is to conduct research according to one's own specialties, that is, to consciously guide and carry out one's own work with new ideas, such as the topic of "Practical Research on Primary School Students' Professional Knowledge Education" done the year before last and the topic of "Design and Operation of Primary School Students' Life Skills Learning Project" done last year. Through premeditated practice, we can overcome our weaknesses and strengthen our strengths. Long-term participation in research will certainly form its own unique teaching style. After several years of research, I can be a conscientious person in my daily education and teaching work, and form the habit of constantly reflecting on my teaching behavior. And dare to explore and practice. Now, it is a more conscious behavior for me to engage in project research. Because I believe that project research will eventually bring the liberation of teaching to teachers. In addition, through research, we can learn many skills. For example, collecting data, processing information, making courseware, writing teaching materials, writing papers and so on. Looking back on my own scientific research, I think it is also very important to learn to cooperate in a good project. We should cooperate with students, parents and colleagues. With the in-depth development of the comprehensive practical activity course, we should learn to be research-oriented teachers. Finally, I wish teachers make a difference on the road of scientific research.