How to design a blackboard newspaper?

(1) Preparation before design

1. Choose a masthead concept based on the content of the current issue’s blackboard promotion, and consider the position and length of the masthead in the layout. 2. Understand the content of each article, prioritize it, and then roughly determine its position and arrangement in the layout based on the content and length of the article. 3. Determine the arrangement and position of the headline and the titles of each article. 4. Conceive and select the title flowers, tail flowers, borders, etc. of each article. 5. Determine the overall tone and the tone of each article, such as: serious or lively, warm or cool.

(2) Overall layout design

Publishing a blackboard newspaper seems very simple and easy. A blackboard and a few pieces of content can be completed quickly, but in actual operation, There is a lot of knowledge involved in running a blackboard newspaper well. Because publishing blackboard newspapers integrates writing, painting, calligraphy, design, color and other knowledge and skills, it is a comprehensive application of multiple knowledge and skills. Therefore, the design board should have an overall concept and consider the overall composition and layout of the blackboard. It should not only emphasize the ideological nature of the content, but also not ignore the artistry of the form. Therefore, the arrangement of articles, titles, and mastheads, as well as the use of fonts, patterns, and colors should make them an organic whole that is intrinsically linked to each other. 1. Arrangement and visual effects The arrangement of articles on the blackboard is generally divided into three forms: horizontal, vertical, and a combination of horizontal and vertical. The rules for the attention value of visual effects are: the upper left part has the greatest attention value, the left half is greater than the right half, and the upper left part has the greatest attention value. The half is larger than the lower half, and the eye level is larger than the upper and lower ends. In addition, the difference between the visual effect and the actual balance relationship must also be considered. The human visual center is not exactly equal to the mathematical center. Its visual center is higher than the mathematical center. The visual dividing line distinguishes the upper and lower parts at a ratio of 1:1.62. It is called the "golden section". Blackboard newspaper layout and composition require relative symmetry and balance. They do not have to follow a pattern, that is, a single symmetrical balance in a specific form. To break the traditional form, the key is to maintain people's sense of consciousness. balance on. 2. Typesetting form: The board should report the content of the central article according to the overall design requirements and the attention value of the layout, and arrange it appropriately to achieve a neat, organized, novel, lively, eye-catching, and beautiful visual effect. Several common typeset forms are as follows: (1) Radial type (2) Continuous type (3) "M" or "W" type (4) Concave-convex type (5) Diamond type (6) " or "*" type ( 7) The layout of the ladder type (8)" ~ "type (9) "twenty" or "well" type, and the form and intention of the composition will also arouse some associations in the readers and involve a certain amount of emotional awareness. Horizontal and parallel layout and composition give people a sense of ease, peace, and tranquility, because horizontality, calmness, and even human rest are usually expressed in this form. Slanted lines and curves in the layout generally represent a sense of movement such as flow and striving forward. The serrated shape often gives people a feeling of tension and pain. The tooth shape spreading out from the center clearly shows expansion and danger. The equilateral triangle is sharp, hard, stable, and unshakable. The trapezoid gives people a sense of solidity and durability, and it seems that it will never overturn or roll. The "V" shape represents instability and is a shape that is difficult to support. It also reminds people of the ribbon of the Victory Medal. The diamond shape gives people a harmonious and balanced atmosphere, like a smile. The square shape is an image of uprightness, solemnity, strength, and simplicity, which gives people a sense of stability. The fan shape often gives people a relaxed, cool and euphemistic meaning. Semicircles are usually associated with tranquility and softness, giving people a feeling of fullness and plumpness. The oval shape has a pleasant, soft, and expanding feel.

Section 3 Masthead Design and Creation

The masthead is the "head" of a newspaper. It can be said that as a special newspaper, the blackboard newspaper is just like the cover of a book. First of all In the eyes of readers, the main thing that attracts readers is probably the masthead. Because in the entire page of the blackboard newspaper, the masthead occupies a position with higher attention value and accounts for a considerable proportion of the page. Moreover, the masthead is mainly based on pictures and is made of colored chalk or other pigments, which is the most eye-catching. Therefore, the design and production of the masthead are very important. Let’s talk about several problems with the masthead.

1. Masthead and theme

Since the masthead is the "head" of a newspaper, it is natural that pictures should be used to vividly reflect the theme of the blackboard newspaper, so that people can know the blackboard issue at a glance. The main content of the newspaper, roughly what the article is. At the same time, the masthead design should also be linked to the nature and characteristics of the work of the unit and department. In short, the masthead should serve the content of the blackboard newspaper, highlight the center, highlight the theme, and enhance the publicity effect. Second, we must combine the nature of the unit to give it its own characteristics. Generally speaking, the header should be changed according to the content of each issue. If the content changes frequently, it can also be changed every few issues.

2. Main points of masthead design

(1) Theme paintings: characters, buildings, weapons or animals, plants (2) Masthead words: such as "Military Camp World", "Weapons Expo" "Etc. (3) Geometric figures or lace: Geometric figures can be composed of single lines or color blocks, and the shape, basic tones, and lace of the masthead can be used to decorate and beautify the masthead. In addition to the above components, the masthead should also be equipped with relevant words such as the sponsor, publication date, issue number, etc., to give readers a general understanding of the publishing situation of the blackboard newspaper in front of them. According to the theme, we can still choose appropriate materials. We can draw materials from sketches, albums, photos, and newspaper clippings accumulated in life, and innovate or simplify, summarize, exaggerate, and combine them with certain geometric figures to design and produce the masthead. The requirements of "balance and conscious feeling" should be followed.

3. The position of the masthead in the layout

The masthead position is generally arranged in the middle, upper middle, upper left corner, and upper right corner of the blackboard newspaper layout. Of course, there are also unique arrangements in the center. The lower part, lower left corner, and lower right corner make the layout unique and charming. But it should be noted that it is best to change the position of the masthead every period. The "dynamism" of the masthead position will create a sense of freshness and avoid the same old faces.

Section 4 Title

The title is the title. A blackboard newspaper usually has both a big title and a subtitle. The title should be concise and comprehensive, eye-catching and profound.

1. Title font selection

The title has a strong ideological and emotional color. It is very important to choose what kind of font. A good choice can increase the charm of the title. Otherwise, it will cause The opposite effect. Title fonts are usually divided into two categories, one is calligraphy and the other is artistic fonts. Commonly used fonts are: Seal script: neat and beautiful, graceful and smooth, comfortable and simple. Official script: gentle and full, euphemistic and smooth, light and simple. Wei Shu: Strong muscles and bones, vigorous and sharp, rough and powerful. Helvetica: solemn and solemn. Songti: rigorous and thick. Songti: lean and elegant. Songti: steady and generous. Variety: simple and generous. Amber: lively and natural.

2. The arrangement and proportion of titles in the layout

The title serves as an outline and guides readers to read. It is generally placed in a more important position. It can be arranged horizontally, vertically, diagonally, arc-shaped, wavy and staggered. Generally, a horizontal and vertical arrangement is used to make the layout lively, changeable and dynamic. Although the uniform horizontal or vertical arrangement is simple and convenient for arrangement, it looks dull and lifeless. Although the title is important, it should not occupy too much space, otherwise it will appear top-heavy. Therefore, attention should be paid to the appropriate proportion.

3. Fonts and formats for copying blackboard manuscripts

The fonts for copying blackboard manuscripts are fundamentally different from the font selection for titles. The font of the title should be chosen to match the content, thoughts, and emotions expressed in the title, and should be as consistent as possible with the personality of the font. However, the font of the blackboard manuscript should be chosen to make the entire page neat and easy to read. Therefore, the general choices are: Bian imitating Song Dynasty, official script, Wei style, regular script, and Xingkai script. Copying the text of the blackboard newspaper is an important step. When copying, you must not only pay attention to the general requirements of character spacing and line spacing, but also consider the overall artistic effect of the blackboard newspaper. Looking at the entire layout, the frame spacing is greater than the page spacing, the page spacing is greater than the line spacing, and the line spacing is greater than the character spacing. Looking at the entire length of the blackboard newspaper, the side spacing is greater than the line spacing. The specific proportions of the above items can be determined by reference to the arrangement proportions of newspapers, periodicals and books, but no matter the number, the copying format and proportions of the entire page must be consistent.

① Thin isolinear font: Isolinear font is also called boldface, which is characterized by consistent thickness of strokes and rigorous structure. The thin isoline font is not as thick as the bold font, but is a font written directly on the blackboard using chalk according to the structure of Chinese characters. The font is required to be square, with reasonable structure, horizontal and vertical strokes, neat starting and finishing strokes, slightly rounded corners, and even arrangement. During the writing process, the angle of contact between the chalk and the board must be constantly changed to ensure that the thickness of the strokes is consistent. The thin isocline body can be long or square (Figure 10). ② Imitation Song-style characters: Use chalk to write imitation Song-ti characters on the blackboard. You can write according to the structure and strokes of the imitation Song-ti characters in the art calligraphy. The strokes are required to be consistent in thickness, horizontally and vertically, and have sharp points, strokes, strokes, and hooks. The imitation Song style chalk calligraphy is not as strict as the imitation Song style in artistic calligraphy. It can have different writing styles, such as writing the horizontal strokes of the font slightly diagonally, while keeping other strokes unchanged (Figure 11). When writing imitation Song style characters with chalk, you must strive to make the fonts clear, neat and beautiful. ③ Regular script: Use chalk to write regular script characters on the blackboard. You can refer to the strokes of regular script characters in calligraphy. In particular, you should pay attention to the writing method of regular script in hard-pen calligraphy. Its strokes are flexible, neat and clear, and are suitable for reference in chalk blackboard writing. When using chalk to write the "point", "skip", "捺" and "hook" of regular script characters, be slightly sharp. When drawing horizontally or vertically, there is a pause when starting the pen and a pause when closing the pen. The corners are slightly rounded and the hook curves naturally and easily. As the strokes change, also rotate the chalk to ensure the lettering is even. The regular script characters written with chalk will not be as full and round as the regular script characters written with the brush, nor will they be as varied as the regular script characters with the fountain pen, but as long as the strokes and structure of the characters are arranged in a balanced and coordinated manner, it will be enough. ④ Running script: Use chalk to write running script on the blackboard. Although it is not as rigorous in structure and standardized strokes as calligraphy, it still has the basic structural characteristics of calligraphy. Therefore, the starting and ending of strokes such as dots, horizontal strokes, vertical strokes, strokes, strokes, hooks, etc. in chalk writing must be explained clearly, radicals and radicals must be well matched, and characters must correspond to each other. Especially considering that the writing of the entire text must have the characteristics of running script and the overall beauty. We must not think that running script is written and changed at will, resulting in large and small text, scrawled and disorganized text, making it difficult for readers to recognize and losing the proper publicity effect. The reasons why beginners do not do well in blackboard writing: First, they have not mastered the structure of the font. When writing, the upper part is either larger or the lower part is larger, or the left side is looser and the right side is tighter, resulting in an uncoordinated and uneven font stroke structure. The second is the failure to grasp the changing rules of the strokes of the font. There is a lack of interpenetration and mutual echo between the strokes when writing, resulting in loose, weak or dull and monotonous fonts. The third is lack of practice, unskilled writing, or failure to follow the requirements of font structure and stroke changes, resulting in uneven font strokes that should be flat, straight, or square. The shortcomings of blackboard writing fonts can be completely overcome. By reading more, writing more, and practicing more, you can gradually master the rules and methods of writing.