Hurry up ~ which famous painting do you like best? Tell me more about the characteristics of that painting.

China traditional painting has a long history. It is an artistic monument created by the descendants of Huang for thousands of years. In the development of its times, masterpieces are colorful and dazzling, showing the outstanding wisdom and magical power of artists of all ages. These works, from landscape figures to flowers, birds and bamboo stones, from meticulous brushwork to freehand brushwork, are all important components of excellent traditional culture. How to spread the seeds of these arts to students on campus and let them be influenced by beauty; So as to improve artistic accomplishment and cultural quality? Today, with the lecture "The Scholars", I will bring you some ancient classics here, and hope the students will like them.

First, don? Korean-Korean dry "Horse Wrapping Map" (see photo 1) Han Gan (? ——780) A native of Chang 'an, who mainly lived in Kaiyuan and Tianbao years, was born in poverty, worked as a hotel maid, and was later supported by Wang Wei to learn painting. Han Gan was famous for painting horses, and was called into the imperial court by Xuanzong. He studied under Cao Ba, a famous horse painter at that time, and paid attention to sketching. The horse he painted has both form and spirit, and has obvious style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. A famous horse painter in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This picture "Wrapping Horse" is a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation by Han Gan. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, China's various arts, such as Li Bai and Du Fu to poetry, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan to writing, and Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan to calligraphy, all showed a graceful and generous style of the times. In painting, because of advocating Yang Guifei's plump demeanor during the ruling period, the painting styles of figures and ladies are plump, graceful and beautiful. In this painting, the man in the palace (Maguan) leads two black and white horses out to eat grass, which depicts the fat man and the smooth horses. The painting method is outlined by line drawing, with fine brushwork and accurate modeling; Pale color rendering and heavy ink painting set each other off. The characters are dignified, the contrast between black and white is strong, and the background is blank and monotonous. In the upper left corner is the inscription "Former Han Gan" by Song Huizong and Evonne. The calligraphy is thin and hard, and the whole work is dignified and generous, with a typical Tang dynasty atmosphere. It's a real Han Gan. This painting is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. In addition, Han Gan also has his masterpiece "Looking at the White Picture at Night" handed down from ancient times. Second, the Northern Song Dynasty? Fan Kuan snow scene and cold forest map (see Figure 2)

Fan Kuan (about 967- about 1027) and Lihua in Yuzhong (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province) were called Fan Kuan because of their generosity. Li Cheng, a beginner in landscape painting, studied under the law and Guan Tong, and often traveled to Central South and Taihua Mountain. He once said, "Following his teacher is not like learning from things" and "following his teacher is not like learning from nature", so it is a great achievement to live in seclusion in Zhong Nanshan and sit in the forest, which is better than the mountains and rivers in Shaanxi. In Historical Records, Fan Kuan's landscape paintings are good at expressing the momentum of Tailong, praising it as "thick feng ting, strong momentum, even strokes and quality of people and houses". Its painting characteristics are "the top of the mountain is a good forest" and "the water is a sudden stone", making good use of painting methods. This picture shows a large silk book with double mosaic. There are snow-covered peaks in the ink painting, and there are dead branches and cold branches on the top of the mountain. The rocks are towering, majestic and cold, and there is indeed a feeling of pushing through the clouds and seeing the snow. The picture is light and moist with a pen, and the rocks are quite round. Fine raindrops and moist ink make it more vivid and attractive. By the stream below the mountain, the ancient wood jungle is written in thick ink and caused by dead branches. The fog at the foot of the mountain fills the air and changes without trace, making the mountain more majestic. There are villages in the mountains, and the snow color of houses and the Xiao temple halfway up the mountain are marked with strong lines. On the right, facing the hut opposite the Woods, there is a shallow sand embankment with a wooden bridge on it. The stream flows down from a distance and merges into one. The vast mountains and rivers are covered with ice and snow. The Map of Snow Scene and Cold Forest is Fan Kuan's masterpiece, which has been recorded for a long time in history. It entered the palace in the Qing Dynasty, and its whereabouts were unknown. 1966 discovered during the Cultural Revolution. According to the expert's textual research and appraisal, the seals of the past dynasties are correct, and the inscription "Made by Minister Fan Kuan" is hidden in the front trunk of a tree, which is one of the characteristics of Song painting, because it is definitely Fan Kuan's "Snow Scene and Cold Forest Map". Fan Kuan's works handed down from ancient times include A Journey to the Western Hills, Snow Mountain Temple and so on, all of which are similar in style.

Third, Song Huizong (biography) "Red Polygonum and White Goose" (see Figure 3) Song Huizong, named Evonne (1082-135), was the eighth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. In his early years, his works were influenced by Wang Xian, Zhao Danian and others. Xue Yao, a calligrapher, is even thinner and stronger, which he calls "thin golden body". Since he ascended the throne, Baining has been a teacher, founded Xuanhe Painting Academy, paid attention to meticulous painting and advocated sketching. His works, regardless of landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, are good at meticulous brushwork, elegant and rich, and exquisite ecstasy is his specialty. Evonne presided over the Academy of Painting, during which he was awarded prizes, selected artistic talents, compiled and selected Xuan He books, and painted scores. Although politically dull and corrupt, he made outstanding achievements in painting and calligraphy, especially meticulous flower-and-bird painting, and made outstanding contributions to the prosperity and development of Chinese painting in the Song Dynasty. Pictures of Polygonum cuspidatum and white goose show that a branch of Polygonum cuspidatum rises from the hillside. Anyway, draw a broken leaf, turn it over, dye it, and the brushwork is exquisite. White goose lying on the shore, upturned neck looking back, strong and fat. The whole picture, regardless of the branches and leaves of White Goose and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, is consistent with the strokes of its thin lines, double hooks, slopes and waterlines, and is dyed with layers of light dark green, exquisite and rich. The whole picture is clear and spacious, it is a cold atmosphere in late autumn, and the image is simple. It is worth noting that during the period when Huizong presided over the Painting Academy, people inside and outside the Painting Academy were eager for his work style, and they followed suit and even ghosted directly. When he meets a good man, the emperor will be happy for a while, write an inscription with a stroke of a pen, and sign the words "Xuanhetang Imperial System" and "One Man under the World". And it is reasonable to pay the money. Therefore, among Hui Zong's numerous works handed down from generation to generation, the academic circles have not been able to reach an agreement on which is the real pen and which is the ghostwriting. Therefore, the picture of Polygonum multiflorum and White Goose can only be regarded as the masterpiece of this genre. If we want to confirm whether Hui Zong is a real pen, we need further study by experts.

Four. Yuan. Yongle Palace mural "Gods" (see Figure 4) Yongle Palace was built between 1200- 1350. It is the center of Quanzhen religion in Yuan Dynasty, and is said to be the former residence of Lv Dongbin, a Taoist fairy. The original site is on the bank of the Yellow River in Yongle Town, Yongji County, Shanxi Province. After liberation, it was moved to Ruicheng County due to the Yellow River Regulation Project. Yongle Palace has three halls, such as Sanqing Hall, and there are many murals in its interior and affiliated buildings, which are the real contents of Taoist immortals. The "God of Heaven" introduced here is a part of the "Yuan Chaotu" on the west wall of Sanqing Hall. This painting was painted in the third year of Yuan Taiding (1325), and it is about all kinds of immortals, such as the celestial tripod leaving the stone, the immortal turning into an immortal, the golden couple and so on. , so it is also called 360 duty god. The whole picture is centered on eight main images, and there are more than 280 kinds of immortals, which are rich in images and grand in scale, and are rare in the previous generation. The style of Yongle Palace murals can be seen from the "God" part here. The blue fairy in front looked down at the water board with her hands flat and her expression was vivid. The other gods stand in the shape of water rafters, with serious, mighty, respectful or amazing faces and different personalities, which shows the height of the author's description of the inner world of the characters. Although the picture is meticulous and heavy in color, it uses the method of cross-filling, uses heavy colors in a large area, and reflects the brilliant weather in a uniform and heavy way. The gods in the original work are far bigger than the real people. Two or three meters long lines as thick as hemp rope are written in strokes, which are accurate, smooth, calm and decorative. Throughout the whole painting, there is indeed a beautiful and calm atmosphere full of wind. A magnificent charm that attracts people's attention shocked the audience. At the end of the mural of Sanqing Hall in Yongle Palace, there are the names of the painter Ma and others. This shows that the level of folk artists at that time was very high, and they did have unique achievements outside the literati painting school. Although they piled up gold to learn from the scriptures, they were vivid in shape and skillful in brushwork, and made outstanding creations on the basis of the previous generation, which made great contributions to the creation of figure paintings in the Yuan Dynasty. Five, Yin Mingtang's "Mountain Road Songyin Map" (see Figure 5)

Tang Yin (1470- 1523) is a native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. His names are Bohu and Wei Zi. His name is Lu, a good Buddha in his later years, and his name is Tathagata. In his early years, Tang Yin's natural posture was outstanding, he enjoyed himself and paid attention to fame and career advancement. After his career was frustrated, he suffered from the cold and engaged in a lot of creation. His landscape painting was originally studied by Chen Zhou, and later inherited from Li Tang and Ma Yuan in the Southern Song Dynasty. With the natural charm of literati painting, he formed a unique style of fluent charm, which injected a high degree of cultural connotation into the pattern of college painting in the Southern Song Dynasty and made outstanding achievements in landscape painting creation. Tang Yin was gifted and brilliant. Besides landscape painting, he is also good at figures, flowers and birds, calligraphy and poetry. Although it is widely rumored that "San Xiao's Marriage" is attached to the meeting, it is good to see the great influence and wide reputation of this romantic genius. Song of Mountain Road is a mature work of Tang Yin when he was 48 years old, which was written by Li, the then Suzhou magistrate. So the subtitles on the screen are "Li's parents" and "Under Tang Yin". The main body in the painting is abrupt, with waterfalls between peaks, twists and turns near the road in front of the mountain, and wooden bridge railings. Under the bridge, the water is gurgling, and there are huge stones in the water. There are three huge pine trees on the left side of the picture, hidden under the peak. On the wooden bridge, a noble man sang in the sky, looking proud. A boy with a piano followed. On the right, there are two distant peaks across the water. There are green bush cages on the front slope of the peak, houses among the trees, and only the roof is exposed. The whole painting is poetic and beautiful. This painting is beautiful and smooth. Because it is a work presented to local parents, it is carefully written, and its composition and pen and ink images are very detailed. At the top right of the picture, it is entitled "Daughter, the road in front of the mountain is cross, and the sound of spring is partially played. If you try to tilt your ears out of silence, you will feel angry. " This shows her detached attitude, and the calligraphy of the inscription is more rigorous than other works of Tang Yin. Through the comprehensive and in-depth appreciation of this painting, we can see the artistic features of Tang Yin's landscape paintings, and we can taste that his meticulous, smooth, elegant and agile charm really comes from his high literary and artistic accomplishment.