The second volume of grade three is about the benefits that nature brings to people.

Many substances in nature not only bring benefits to human beings, but also bring disasters to human beings. For example, the sun gives people light, heat, energy and health.

1. The natural environment is the foundation and prerequisite for the existence of human society, and it is an indispensable condition for social material life and social development.

The natural environment, or geographical environment, natural conditions and natural foundation, includes those natural conditions formed in history that interact with human social activities, such as geographical location, topography, climate, soil, hydrology, mineral deposits, animals and plants and the complex synthesis formed by their interaction.

2. The natural environment is the stage and important object of human creative activities. The natural environment plays an important role in social development through human labor. The natural environment has the dual attributes of nature and society. With human labor as the intermediary, the natural environment has an important influence on social development at different stages.

3. Natural conditions can be divided into two categories in economics, namely, the natural wealth of means of subsistence and the natural wealth of means of labor. Marx pointed out that in the early stage of culture, the first kind of natural wealth is of decisive significance; At a higher stage of development, the second kind of rich resources is of decisive significance. Geographical environment is an important part of productivity system and the internal driving force of social development. Marx emphasized that all social productive forces can be attributed to natural forces. Generally speaking, the natural environment is an indispensable external condition of human society. From the analysis of individual occasions, for some specific topics, the natural environment can be the decisive condition for human activities.

4. The influence of natural environment on agricultural production. There is no doubt that the natural environment has an impact on agriculture, especially the topography and climate play a decisive role in agriculture. Due to the dry climate in Africa, only a small part of land can be used as cultivated land, and the proportion of grazing land is not high. Cultivated land in Asia accounts for a large part of the total land area. Due to the relatively low terrain and warm and humid climate in Europe, cultivated land suitable for agricultural production accounts for a large part. The natural environment obviously plays a decisive role in agricultural production to a certain extent.