Which provinces and cities does the Silk Road pass through? The customs, specialties, customs and materials of these provinces and cities! ! ! ! !

Generally speaking, the Silk Road can be divided into three sections, and each section can be divided into three routes: North, South and China. Eastern section: from Chang 'an to Yumenguan and Yangguan. The middle section (opened in Han Dynasty): from Yumenguan and Yangguan to Congling. Western section (opened in Han Dynasty): From Congling to the west via Central Asia, West Asia and Europe. (Opened in Tang Dynasty) The following are the names of important cities in various sections of the Silk Road, with ancient place names in brackets. The route selection of the eastern section considers the safety and convenience of crossing Liupan Mountain and the Yellow River. The third line starts from Chang 'an, joins Wuwei and Zhangye, and then goes along Hexi Corridor to Dunhuang. Northern Line: Jingchuan, Guyuan and Jingyuan have the shortest routes to Wuwei, but it is not easy to pass water along the way. South Line: From Fengxiang, Tianshui, Longxi, Linxia, Ledu, Xining to Zhangye, but the road is long. Midline: Jingchuan to Pingliang, Huining, Lanzhou to Wuwei, with moderate distance and supply. See Xi 'an (Chang 'an): Xumishan Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, Bingling Temple Grottoes Wuwei (Liangzhou) Zhangye (Ganzhou) Jiuquan (Suzhou) Dunhuang (Shazhou): Mogao Grottoes, Yulin Grottoes 10 century, the Northern Song Dynasty government opened a "Qinghai Road" from Tianshui to the western regions, bypassing the territory of Xixia, which became after the Song Dynasty. See Solkuri Basin in Fuxi City, Xining, Tianshui. The middle section of the old city crossing the river is mainly the route of the western regions, which changes from time to time with the changes of oases and deserts. There are many forks and branches in the middle of the third line, especially the fourth town Anxi (established in 640). South Road (also called Yutian Road): It starts from Yangguan in the east, along the southern edge of Taklimakan Desert, and passes through Ruoqiang (Shanshan), Hotan (Yutian), shache and other places. Jing Congling. Yang Guan Ruoqiang (Shanshan) and Qi Munnia (Jingjue) are one of the 36 Western Regions in the Western Han Dynasty. Hotan (Yutian) Middle Road: It starts from Yumenguan, along the northern edge of Taklimakan Desert, and passes through Lop Nur (Loulan), Turpan (Auto Market, Gaochang), Yanqi (Yuli), Kuqa (Kuqa), Aksu (Gu Mo) and Kashi (Shule) to Fergana Valley (Dawan). Yumenguan Loulan (merged from Shanshan and now belongs to Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang) Turpan (Gaochang): Gaochang Ancient Town, Jiaohe Ancient Town, Yarhu Ancient Town, Baizixi Thousand Buddha Cave Yanqi (Yuli) Kuqa (Qiuci): Qizil Thousand Buddha Cave, Kumutula Thousand Buddha Cave Aksu (Gu Mo) Kashi (. Hami, the waterway is rich in Hami melon Urumqi, which is interpreted in Mongolian as a Dunhuang mural in the western section of the broken leaf of Yining (Yili), a beautiful grassland, depicting caravans going back and forth on the Silk Road. From the jungle west to Europe, it is the western section of the Silk Road, and its north, south, middle and south lines correspond to the three lines in the middle section respectively. The route from Caspian Sea to Constantinople was opened in the middle of Tang Dynasty. Northern line: along the Aral Sea, the Caspian Sea and the northern shore of the Black Sea, Itil passes through broken leaves, Virote, astrakhan and other places to Istanbul (Constantinople). Almaty, Urumqi (now Kazakhstan), dzhambul (Virote, now Kazakhstan), tokmak (Broken Leaf, now Kyrgyzstan), Sarai (Russia), Istanbul, sakr (now Constantinople, now Turkey) Central Line: Take Fergana Valley from Kashgar, Samarkand, Bukhara and Mashhad (Iran) to join the southern line. Kashgar or Peshawar, Kashgar: Khala Horin Avenue Kabul Bamiyan: The famous Bamiyan Buddha was destroyed by the Taliban in 200 1 year. South Line: Starting from Pamirs, you can enter Pakistan and India from Kashmir, and you can also travel to Europe from Peshawar, Kabul, Mashhad, Baghdad and Damascus. Mashhad (Iran) Sabze Valh Hecatompylos (Fandou and Xie) may be located between Iranda Mugan and Shahrud today. ) Hamadan Kerman sahan Bakubai in Tehran (Iraq) Abu Hareb Fallujah in Baghdad: Follow the Euphrates River to Aleppo. Ramadi Alibo (Syrian) Damascus adana (Turkish)