Who can explain clearly the styles of Shanxi people and what are their commonalities?

The Shanxi people discussed in this paper are neither China people in the general sense nor Shanxi people in the individual sense, but Shanxi people in the special sense, that is to say, taking the specific people who have lived, studied and worked in Shanxi for a long time as the object of investigation. This kind of research is different from the macro-study in the general anthropological context and the micro-study aimed at seeking individual psychological characteristics and personality structure, but comes from the meso-study of the cultural ecology of specific groups. In the contrast between history and reality, in the interweaving of phenomenon and essence, this paper uses social psychology and cultural anthropology to explore the discourse transformation and time variation of Shanxi people's personality reconstruction and reconstruction through critical reflection on Shanxi people's personality.

First, the regional cultural differences of Shanxi people's personality

Generally speaking, the formation of individual personality is greatly influenced by heredity, family and school, while the formation of group personality is greatly influenced by geographical environment and has obvious regionality. As the saying goes, it is this truth that one side of the soil and water raises one side.

First of all, Shanxi people, as China people, undoubtedly have the personality characteristics of ordinary China people. For example, in his book My Country and My People, Lin Yutang summed up the character of China people into eight points: maturity and integrity, patience in adversity, passive seclusion, detachment from the old, pacifism, contentment, humor, and conformism. In novels such as Diary of a Madman and The True Story of Ah Q, Lu Xun mercilessly exposed and criticized China people's national character and bad habits, holding that "it is indisputable to mourn their misfortune and anger them". In Ugly China, Bai Yang ridiculed some China people as "maggots in the sauce jar".

Secondly, Shanxi people, as northerners in China, have the characteristics of northerners. As far as the north and south of China are concerned, the north often means drought, cold, barrenness, tenacity and grandeur, while the south is synonymous with warmth, wetness, richness, development, softness and beauty. The Yellow River and the Yangtze River, two rivers that gave birth to Chinese civilization, are also different. One is famous for being bold, and the other is famous for being weird. Liang Qichao advocated "South Old and North Confucius": Confucianism became the mainstream representative of northern culture in philosophy, while Taoism embodied the spiritual temperament of southern culture. The differences and conflicts between North and South are the same in foreign countries, such as North Korea, Japan, Vietnam, the United States and Britain.

Finally, the unique geographical environment in Shanxi has created the personality characteristics of Shanxi people who are mountainous and lack of water. Shanxi is located in the eastern part of the Loess Plateau, with Taihang Mountain in the east, Lvliang in the west, Hengshan Mountain and Wutai Mountain in the north and Zhongtiao Mountain in the south, with a mountainous area of about 70%. There are more mountains and less water, and the water resources are seriously insufficient, so Shanxi people have more mountains and more water (for example, more stability and less mobility, more principles and less flexibility, more closed and less open, more Confucian traditions and less Taoist thoughts, more simplicity and less glitz, etc.). ).

The character of Shanxi people is basically determined and derived from this: high mountains block people's way and narrow their horizons; Traffic congestion makes people's information closed and internal and external communication underdeveloped; Long-term farming life with the land has made them have a deep affection with the land, staying in the land, moving to other places, and homesickness, which has become a lingering youth complex, flowing into the blood and injecting into the bone marrow, which has marked their living habits, ways of thinking and cultural ecology with a distinct yellow land brand, with strong local flavor and local characteristics. As Confucius said: "The knower enjoys water, and the benevolent enjoys Leshan. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet. Those who know are happy, and those who are benevolent are longevity. " A wise man is like running water, unchanging, stagnant and happy; Benevolent people are like mountains, thick and unchangeable, unattainable and endless. Zheng Banqiao, one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou, said: "The wall stands a thousand miles, and there is no desire; There are hundreds of rivers and great tolerance. " It is also the selflessness of mountains and the compatibility of water. Using mountains and rivers to compare human nature can be described as appropriate and in line with reality. In addition, the same Shanxi people, influenced by subculture, show obvious regionality, such as northern Shaanxi people are rough and martial, Jinzhong people are smart and business-oriented, and southern Shanxi people are elegant.