When are step and cross steps used in table tennis footwork, and what are the differences?

Footwork is an important technical factor that an excellent table tennis player must have. Currently, the top players in the world table tennis, such as Kong Linghui, Marin, Jin Zezhu, Primorac, Waldner, etc. Everyone is unique in their footwork. Therefore, the study of footwork is a key issue in training, especially the cultivation of footwork for young athletes.

1. Eight types of footwork

Technically comprehensive footwork (smooth type)

Representative figures: Kong Linghui, Primorac

Technical features: Balanced forehand and backhand, comprehensive technique, high utilization rate of parallel steps.

Advantages: The center of gravity is relatively stable and difficult to lose position. Coordination of forehand and backhand connections.

Disadvantages: The gap in the middle is relatively obvious.

Forehand-based footwork (explosive)

Representative figures: Jin Zezhu, Ma Lin, Ma Wenge

Technical characteristics: Forehand As the main means of scoring, the backhand has certain loopholes. Cross steps are used more frequently.

Advantages: Quick to get started, large running range, threatening continuous attacks on the forehand.

Disadvantages: Easy to lose position, excessive physical exertion.

Technical footwork

Representative figures: Waldner, Kong Linghui, Wang Tao

Technical characteristics: Smart playing, advanced awareness, technical and tactical skills His routines are clear and he can adjust reasonable footwork in time according to different incoming balls.

Advantages: Strong ability to control and adjust the rhythm on the court, saving effort.

2. Eight common footwork combinations

1. Push, test, and pounce

Push, test, and pounce are commonly used offensive footwork. . It is composed of pushing and blocking, sideways plus a cross step or jumping to the forehand position. The trick in using this footwork is to turn sideways on the cricket ball, pull out the mass (you can't be afraid of the gap in the forehand position and forcefully turn sideways), and then jump to the forehand using a cross step or parallel step.

2. Long and short

The quality of long and short footwork is a very important criterion for measuring the level of a player, because the connection from receiving the serve to the next board is very important. To use it. Long and short steps are important connecting steps from the first three boards to active attack and stalemate. The key to using this footwork is to step up steadily and return quickly. After stepping up, the center of gravity falls on the same leg as the leg holding the board (mainly on the ball of the front foot), and when returning to the position, push back hard.

3. Parallel steps and cross steps

Parallel steps and cross steps are a type of footwork used when switching from a stalemate to an attack. The skill in using both footwork lies in grasping the timing of the attack. When actively stalemate, because the awareness of attack is relatively strong, it is relatively easy to use this kind of footwork, the start of the footwork is relatively fast, and it is easier to turn sideways. In a neutral stalemate or a passive stalemate, it is not easy to master the cross step behind the side. You must find a good opportunity first. That is to say, the timing of pushing and blocking sideways when turning to attack is the most critical. Then restore quickly to protect the gap in the forehand position.

4. Small steps

Small steps are a particularly important type of footwork, and are also an important factor in measuring whether a person's footwork is reasonable and coordinated. Small steps are mainly used to adjust the footwork. When the footwork moves to a certain position and the suitable hitting point has not been found, it is necessary to make adjustments through small steps to strive for a better hitting point. Kong Linghui and Marin used this kind of footwork very successfully in the game. Some balls that others felt were too big seemed to be sideways and out of place, but they could always adjust the position. Small steps are actually a kind of small steps, mainly to maintain the stability of the center of gravity and facilitate the starting speed.

3. Cultivate eight kinds of awareness of footwork

To use and master any technique, you must first cultivate awareness. Cultivating footwork awareness should start from three aspects: advance awareness, point-finding awareness, and continuous awareness.

Advance awareness: Advance awareness refers to predicting the location of the incoming ball in advance, so as to make corresponding footwork and enter the hitting position in advance.

For example: if you straighten your sideways position, the opponent will usually guard against your forehand gap, so when you finish the first stroke and move to the forehand position, the difficulty of the next stroke will be greatly reduced. For another example, after you serve the ball and find that the ball has come out, immediately move slightly sideways to prepare for a reverse pull. Players who use advance awareness more reasonably include Kong Linghui, Waldner, and others. Watching them play gives the impression that they always know where the opponent is going to hit, so they can easily get to the position and save effort. . The way to cultivate advance awareness is to continuously instill ball awareness into athletes, so that after each hit of a cricket ball, the players must prepare for the next cricket ball, so as to ensure that their attention will not pause and they can react at any time. One thing is to pay attention to the route of your own ball and judge where the opponent will return the ball. Incorporating this awareness practice into your daily training is critical.

Finding point awareness: There are some similarities between finding point awareness and advance awareness. The main difference is that the former is to find the ball point, the latter is to find the hitting point, and the latter is to find the hitting position. The cultivation of point-finding awareness should start from the basic theory. The rotation of each incoming ball is different, the arc may be high or low, the landing point may be long or short, and there will be an early rising period, a late rising period, a high point period, a falling period, and a late falling period when hitting the ball. Therefore, you must find the right one based on the incoming ball. The hitting point can guarantee the hit rate. The way to cultivate the awareness of spot-finding is to first let athletes clearly understand the basic theoretical knowledge of the ball's rotation, arc, and hitting time. What kind of hitting points should be used to deal with different incoming balls to ensure the hit rate. Only with these basic theories can you know how to use footwork and avoid running around blindly.

Continuous awareness: Continuous awareness mainly refers to hitting the ball. The quality of continuous awareness will affect the quality of continuous offense. Cultivating continuous awareness is to cultivate athletes' compactness and ability to concentrate, compete for every point and every ball during training, and not make mistakes easily. This spirit is a key point in cultivating continuity.

lt; Repost gt; Basic knowledge of table tennis - several basic footwork

(1) Single step

1. The movement method is to use one With the foot as the axis, the other foot moves forward, backward, left, and right in different directions, and the body's center of gravity falls on the moving foot.

2. Practical application: ① approaching the ball to the net; ② cutting the chasing ball; ③ single-step sideways attack, when the landing point of the incoming ball is slightly to the left of the center line, or sideways attack in a straight line or against the opponent. It is often used to rub the lifting ball.

(2) Stepping

1. To move, push one foot on the ground, take a big step in the direction of movement with the other foot, and then take half a step or a small step with the other foot. When you step forward, your body's center of gravity shifts to the stepping foot.

2. Practical applications: ① Fast break play near the table, used to deal with incoming balls slightly far away from the body; ② Slicing play, moving left and right to hit the ball; ③ Stepping sideways attack, When the ball comes at a slower speed but is slightly farther away from the body, the left foot takes a large step forward and upward to the left, followed by a small step with the right foot, and at the same time, cooperates with the right turn of the waist to complete the sideways movement.

(3) Stepping

1. The method of movement is to take a half step or a small step with one foot towards the other, and then move towards the ball with the other foot after landing on the ground. Move one step in the direction.

2. Practical applications: ① Fast break players attack or pull the ball while moving left and right; ② Slicing players slice the ball with their forehand and backhand; ③ Step sideways attack, mostly used to pull the ball, right foot First step back with your left foot to turn, then step one step sideways with your left foot.

(4) Jump step

1. Movement method: Push the ground hard with the foot on the opposite side of the ball, and both feet leave the ground at the same time and jump in the direction of the ball.

2.

Actual application: ① fast break players move left and right to hit the ball, often combined with step; ② loop type play from the center to the left and right It is commonly used when moving; ③ Jump step to attack or pull sideways, but you need to complete the waist turning movement in the air; ④ Slicing players often use it when receiving attacks, but they use it more often to adjust their stance with a small jump step.

(5) Cross step

1. Movement method

Use the foot close to the direction of the ball as the supporting foot, and adjust the toe of the foot to point in the direction of movement. The feet away from the direction of the ball cross in front of the body, take a big step in the direction of the ball, the body turns in the direction of the ball, and the supporting foot takes another step in the direction of the ball. This is the forward cross step. The back cross step is a cross action completed behind the body.

2. Practical application: ① Fast break or loop play, sideways attack, pull back to hit the right corner gap, or change from the right corner to backhand shot; ② Pull the ball while walking; ③ Slice play: catch a short ball or hit the ball with a slice.

Table tennis footwork can quickly become a professional footwork

Recently, many amateur golfers are eager to develop a good footwork, for example: dashing sideways like Ma Lin, or dashing sideways like Kong Linghui Play the ball with the center of gravity moving like that. I think the most important things here are: 1. time. 2. Last for two months. Can you do it? If possible! Then in two months you will be as light and agile as a professional athlete, and you will be soaring in the table tennis world! ! ! ! Hahahaha... Best venue: sand pit or plastic bag. Initial training content: single-leg jump, frog jump, squat walk, triple jump. The amount of training for single-leg bouncing and frog jumping (advancing two and retreating one) is determined by your own physical fitness!

1. Exercise content on flat ground: support one leg, step left and right, jump sideways with both feet, step forward, step back, or (step forward, step back, one), step sideways, step forward, step back,

2. Add obstacle exercises (mats or rubber bands): jump with both feet (or side jump) forward two and back one, frog jump forward two and back one, and jump on one leg forward two and back one

3. Practice with multiple people: sliding to escape, sliding to touch the corner of the table, moving to change the ball, and various jumping and jumping combination competitions

4. Listening to command response exercises: watching gestures or listening to signals to make various combinations of steps (starting from the start)

5. Multi-ball training: sudden sideways pull, forehand cross-step rush, irregular point grab, full position attack or pull

6. Weight-bearing training: barbell heel raises, weight-bearing upward jumps, weight-bearing front and back cross jumps,

Others: playing football, sprinting, etc.

In addition, you can innovate based on the situation.

Types and training of footwork

1. Footwork in place

1. What is in-situ footwork

It means that the legs and feet do not step forward, backward, left or right, but only move in place quickly, easily and always ready to exert force with the center of gravity of the left and right feet. exchange.

2． What is the purpose of footwork training in place?

1) This is a basic skill training for beginners to master the essentials of footwork and lay a good foundation for footwork when learning to play table tennis.

(2) Only by mastering the basic skills of in-situ footwork training can we lay a firm foundation for rapid start and continuous running of footwork in the future. Only by mastering this basic footwork can we move to more complex and continuous footwork. Go to a higher realm of footwork.

(3) Cultivate the coordination and sensitive organic cooperation of technique, waist and abdomen, trunk, hip bones, leg muscle groups and footwork.

3. Requirements for in-situ footwork training

(1) Preparation posture (take a forehand diagonal attack near the table and a right hand holding the board as an example)

Stand the body about 50 cm away from the table , standing a little to the left of the midline, with the upper arm close to the body, the forearm forward and the upper arm at about a 90-degree angle, the left arm also slightly raised, the feet open, the left foot slightly forward, the right foot behind, both feet The distance between the feet should be one and a half to two shoulder widths, and the toes should be raised about two to three inches off the ground (but do not raise the heels to the limit to prevent the muscles from being overly tense and stiff). The inside of the forefoot should be on the ground, and the knees should be bent. The knee joints are slightly drawn in, the torso is erect, the chest is held and the abdomen is drawn in, the upper limbs are slightly tilted forward, and the two feet constantly exchange the center of gravity with small movements.

(2) Center of gravity exchange

The core technology of footwork is center of gravity exchange.

Through the training of in-situ footwork, first master the technique of center of gravity exchange. Every time you attack the ball, the center of gravity of the body changes once. The key technique of center of gravity exchange is the coordinated forward and backward rotation of the waist, abdomen, hips, legs and feet. More importantly, What is important is the organic and close cooperation between the waist, abdomen, and hip force and the upper limbs, legs, and feet. Before hitting the ball, rotate your left foot internally, rotate your right foot externally, rotate your waist and hips backward, and shift your center of gravity to your right foot. When hitting the ball, rotate your right foot internally, rotate your left foot externally, rotate your waist and hips forward forcefully, and shift your center of gravity to your left foot. After hitting the ball, strive to recover quickly.

(3) Strengthen the training of pushing on the ground

The force of pushing on the ground will cause the ground to produce an equal and opposite reaction force on the feet. It can be seen from this that the pedaling force of the foot to the ground is the basic force of footwork. The use and preparation of this pedaling force should be familiar and mastered in the training of in-situ footwork. Its strategic significance is far-reaching, such as:

① When there is a chance ball and you use your trump card to kill the opponent with a board, you will not be able to hit the heavy board without strong pedaling force on the ground.

② In a continuous attack, the movement of the human body depends entirely on footwork. If there is not enough pedaling power, the footwork will not move fast, and continuous attacks will inevitably lead to errors.

③ During the fight, the footwork is messy and the center of gravity is unstable, which also reflects the poor coordination, sensitivity and flexibility of the footwork. The reason is closely related to the poor foundation of pedaling force.

(4) Master the skills of pedaling

①The combination of pedaling and rotation

Peeling off and starting the rotation of the soles of the feet are continuous actions, so, Pedaling and spinning should be closely combined.

②Master the brakes

Before hitting the ball, push the right foot on the ground and shift the center of gravity to the left foot; the left foot should also push the ground with appropriate force, so that when the left foot pushes on the ground, The reaction force generated acts like a brake, causing the body to maintain relative balance. Otherwise, the person will fall due to the inertia of the body from the pedaling force of the right foot. The brake of the left foot not only keeps the body balanced, but also allows for quick recovery and preparation for the next attack.

4． Training method

(1) Content: Forehand diagonal attack, sideways diagonal attack, attack and block, and then exchange. The batting power is required to be light and even (about 20% of full strength), and the hitting rate is required to be more than 50 rounds per ball, because the training focuses on footwork training.

(2) Characteristics: The upper limb hitting movement requires small and light strength. Use close to the table forehand fast break, mainly hitting the forearm. The range of movement should not be too large, and the range of rotation of the trunk, waist and abdomen is required. It should be small, and the internal and external rotation of the foot should also be small. When attacking the ball, pay attention to the starting of the feet, legs, and waist, and the coordinated use of acceleration and braking. The movements of the upper limbs are light and small, which is very beneficial to the stability and balance of the lower limbs. This makes it easier to train the movements of the lower limbs in a focused and targeted manner.

2. "One-step jump" footwork and training method

1. What is the "step-and-jump" footwork?

When the incoming ball is within about one meter away from the body, use the footwork of jumping and hitting the ball in one step.

2． Advantages of the kicking footwork

(1) Due to the force exerted by the kicking type, the force exerted by the feet on the ground is larger, so the reaction force of the ground on the feet is correspondingly larger, so that from the step From the image of Dharma, it suddenly leaves the ground, takes off, crosses, and lands. Because of its great strength, it can jump farther. The running speed is also faster, so it is like springs are installed under the feet, which is light, flexible, agile and powerful. If the force exerted by the footwork adopts the jumping type, then the force exerted by the feet on the ground will be small, and the reaction force produced by the ground on the feet will naturally be small.

It is manifested in the movement of the body that the speed is not fast and the take-off does not go far, causing it to rub the ground while running. The image of running is like a mop mopping the floor. This running method is a way of exerting force by moving, stepping and dragging; in comparison, the jumping method of exerting force is conducive to proactive attack.

(2) Use kicking footwork and land on the soles of your front feet when landing. This will naturally help you master the braking and buffering actions under your feet, allowing your body to maintain balance and help you perform quickly. The exchange of center of gravity, coordinated, flexible and agile movements are conducive to actively organizing continuous attacks.

(3) The jumping footwork is powerful in kicking off the ground, allowing you to run faster and more, which plays a role in promoting the related qualities of body functions.

(4) Jumping footwork is especially important for players who attack from both sides. The middle area of ??a two-sided attacker is a congenital and patterned weakness, and is a targeted target for the opponent. Using the one-step jumping method, due to the simple movement, the kick is fast and the position is correspondingly fast. This makes it easier to get out of trouble, and can even create conditions for attack, turning passive into active.

From the beginning of learning table tennis skills, you should pay attention to the training of footwork. I hope your skills will get better and better. Haha. . .