Tell us in a few words how Hua Tuo invented anesthetics

Mafei powder is Hua Tuo’s anesthetic. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Hua Tuo Biography" records: "If the disease is knotted in the body and cannot be reached by acupuncture, it is necessary to drink Mafei powder with wine first. After being drunk, you will not be aware of it, and it will be broken by cutting it open." Abdominal and dorsal, cut and accumulate (mass). "The prescription of Ma Fei Powder created by Hua Tuo was later lost. Legend has it that it consists of 1 catty of Datura flower (also called Naoyanghua, Wantaohua, Zuixinhua, and Dog Walnut), 4 qian each of Shengcaowu, Angelica dahurica, Angelicae, and Chuanxiong, 1 qian of Nantianxing, and 6 flavors of *** Another theory is that it is composed of 3 qian of sheep's duck root, 1 qian of jasmine root, 1 tael of angelica root, and 3 fen of calamus. According to later generations' research, these are not Hua Tuo's original prescriptions.

In 1979, the Chinese and Foreign Publishing House published a book called "Hua Tuo Shen Fang", compiled by Sun Simiao of the Tang Dynasty. It contained the formula of "Ma Fei San" that people longed for and was quick to read. . Its composition is: 9 grams of sheep's duck, 3 grams of Rongli flower root, 30 grams of angelica, and O. calamus. 9 grams, decocted in water and taken in a bowl.

The book also records that this prescription is specially used to treat abdominal disease or round or long lumps. If all the medicines are ineffective, the lower abdomen must be cut to remove it. If there is a disease in the brain, the head must be split open. , take out the pathogenic things, and the headache will go away. Taking this can make people anesthetized, unaware of human affairs, and not painful or itchy when someone cuts it, indicating that the anesthetic effect is still very strong. It can be seen that Hua Tuo had reached a considerable level in brain surgery, general surgery and anesthesiology at that time. If we extrapolate further, there is a story that records that during the Warring States Period, the miracle doctor Bian Que used "poisoned wine" to anesthetize and perform heart replacement surgery on two heart disease patients. It's a pity that there is no written record of the ingredients of "poison wine", otherwise the discovery of anesthetics in our country would have been much earlier!

Legend has it that Hua Tuo once tried to use Mafei powder to scrape Guan Yu's bones to cure the poison. , was rejected by Guan Yu, and he performed the operation without anesthesia. Later, Hua Tuo suggested that Cao Cao perform a craniotomy and use Ma Fei San. Cao Cao did not believe Hua Tuo and had him executed. The formula of Ma Fei Powder was burned by the jailer's wife. Note: This paragraph is all a romantic legend, and there is no record in the official history.