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How do two elements form diatomic molecules? Let's talk about it Better give an example.

For example, hydrogen chloride is a diatomic molecule consisting of a chlorine atom and a hydrogen atom. There is an electron outside the nucleus of the hydrogen atom and 17 electrons outside the nucleus of the chlorine atom (electron configuration is conducted according to the arrangement of 2, 8 and 7, so the outermost electron of the chlorine atom is 7). In order to satisfy the law of "forming electronic structure of rare gas", chlorine atom takes away an electron, and hydrogen atom also takes away an electron. These two electrons are used by hydrogen atoms and chlorine atoms after pairing. Therefore, chlorine atom is equivalent to one more electron, which becomes the electronic structure of argon atom, and hydrogen atom is also one more electron, which becomes the structure of helium atom, all of which reach the stable structure of rare gas, so hydrogen chloride molecules are formed.

Simply put, hydrogen atom and chlorine atom each take away one electron to form a valence bond stable electronic structure, and a diatomic molecule is obtained.