How to learn erhu well? Say a few.

Erhu is a difficult musical instrument to learn, and it is even more difficult to master it skillfully. Due to the structural characteristics of erhu and the randomness of material selection and production, each erhu has its own personality characteristics in sound quality and timbre. If you want to master your own erhu skillfully, you must go through a process of knowing, adjusting and controlling the erhu. Through training, you can master the operation technology of the erhu comprehensively and have the ability to play the erhu. Next, we will discuss how to improve our erhu playing ability from the tuning, operation and performance of erhu. First, tune the erhu to the best condition. No matter you are a professional or amateur erhu lover, you hope to have a handy erhu. In the face of a newly bought erhu, the first task is to run in. In the running-in period, the most important thing is the running-in of python skin. Because the newly covered leather is generally hard and tight, it is necessary to constantly play the piano to adapt its fiber structure to the conduction of various forces, causing the vibration of the leather. Whether it's inner string, outer string, treble zone, bass zone, long bow, short bow, heavy bow, light bow, slow bow, fast bow, sudden bow, trembling bow, etc. We must practice bow and fingering. In this way, leather can adapt to various dynamic changes, so that the vibration frequency of leather can produce the best vibration effect at different pitches and under different dynamics. When the elasticity of leather is at its best, the leather will completely' vibrate' and the piano will sound more and more beautiful. If the piano skin is thick and tightly covered, it needs a strong bow method to run in. Pay attention to all the high notes in the running-in process. You can play more scales into etudes, which is helpful for the running-in of each sound zone. Because the timbre of the outer strings of erhu is generally superior to that of the inner strings, it is more difficult to control the height of the inner strings from the aspects of pressing strings, intonation and bowing. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the training of inner strings. I once met an old erhu that has been played for 30 years. The timbre of the outer string is very good, and the inner string is above the second position, which makes a lot of noise. Asked piano master, he said that he basically didn't pull up the high position of the inner chord. This shows that his inner chord has not been well run-in. Besides playing etudes, it will be very helpful to play Liu Tianhua's "One String Exercise" frequently. A new piano, leather, strings, body and other parts are all new combinations. In addition to the dermis, other parts should also be run-in to achieve the best adaptation. The tightness of the piano shaft is tightened by rotation without deviation; Through running-in, the elasticity of strings is stable; The bottom of the piano code should be treated, and the middle part should be slightly higher than the surrounding radian, so that the contact surface between it and the piano skin can be perfectly stitched. The running-in time has a lot to do with everyone's foundation and technology. In general, for erhu masters, a few months or half a year is enough; Intermediate, it takes about one year; It takes longer to get to the primary level. This is just an estimate. In addition, the running-in period is also related to the thickness and tightness of the leather. To what extent can the new piano run in? This can not be compared with the fixed mileage index of new cars, and can only be judged by qualitative feeling. The sound of the new piano is' raw', hard, astringent and not soft; Noisy, not round and smooth. Some pianos are not loud, but the wolf sound is obvious. After running-in, the sound quality and timbre of the piano will be improved, the sound will become round, smooth, soft, transparent and loud, the volume will increase, the penetration will be enhanced, and the wolf sound will be weakened or reduced. To achieve this effect, the running-in period is over. This is my personal opinion. Second, integrate the erhu into the best state. Every erhu has its own characteristics and personality, just like people, only similar, not exactly the same. Therefore, we should have a comprehensive understanding and familiarity with the characteristics of our erhu. On this basis, the integration and adjustment are carried out to make it reach the best state. We can regard the components of erhu as a resource that can be developed and utilized. The body, barrel and skin of the erhu have been fixed at the factory, and its material and technology determine the quality and order of the erhu, which we cannot change. However, we still have the opportunity and possibility to select, adjust and improve the configuration of jacks, strings, codes, bows and sound filter pads. This is the so-called optimal combination, or integration of resources. If the method is proper, the configuration is reasonable and the adjustment is just right, the characteristics and advantages of the piano can be brought into play to the best level. Of course, this kind of integration and adjustment can only be icing on the cake, not thoroughly remoulded. As mentioned earlier, the quality of the piano has been finalized when it leaves the factory. It is impossible to expect that the tone quality and timbre of the resistant piano can be adjusted to the level of the advanced piano by changing codes and strings. The position of one thousand catties: according to the textbook, the elbow is pressed against the piano barrel, the arm is parallel to the piano rod, and the position of one thousand catties is determined by the height of the root of the little finger. But everyone's fingers are different in length and need fine tuning. If the finger length is raised and the finger is short, especially the little finger is shorter than ordinary people, it is necessary to reduce the weight until the chord height is appropriate. The line tied with a thousand pounds has some influence on the sound quality. Soft cotton thread, bright nylon thread, metal hook, crisp sound. You can choose according to your personal preference. Selection of strings: Different brands of strings have their own characteristics. For example, the Dunhuang strings in Shanghai are thick in diameter, hard to feel and bright in sound; Guangzhou strings are soft to the touch and soft in timbre; Beijing Xinghai string is moderately soft and hard; The timbre of Zhong Yi's strings has been processed, and the timbre is pure and feels good, and the timbre difference between inner and outer strings is balanced. So its price is also high. In my opinion, you should choose the strings according to the quality characteristics of your own piano, and match the strings that suit your own piano. The loose leather should be matched with hard strings, and the tight leather should be matched with soft strings. The choice of string is best determined by comparison test. You can buy several different brands of strings to try to choose. It is worthwhile to invest some money in order to determine the suitable strings. The strings also have a process of adapting to the leather and code. Don't pull a few strings and replace them. Wait until the tension of the strings is stable before making a decision. The suitable strings should have little difference in timbre between the outer strings and the inner strings. The volume of the high and low strings is relatively balanced, and the timbre is round and beautiful. After adding the sound filter pad, there is no noise in each sound zone, and the strings feel in line with their own requirements. Adjustment of Qin code: Xiaoqin code has a great influence on timbre, which is related to the vibration frequency transmitted to the strings. Different wood density and frequency conductivity will have certain influence on the vibration of leather. In addition, the shape of the piano code and the size of the contact area with the piano skin are mentioned. The basic characteristics of piano timbre, such as vigorous, bright, soft and tough, have already depended on the quality of the piano and cannot be completely changed. When buying a piano, you should fully consider your preference for timbre. Choosing the piano code can only further develop this characteristic and make partial improvement. Mr. Peng Shuguang's piano code is excellent, and you can choose different timbre materials and shapes according to the situation of the piano. Bow selection: the standard of good bow is introduced in detail in the knowledge of erhu purchase. The weight of the bow, the thickness of the bow hair and the tightness adjustment of the bow depend on everyone's habits, as long as the bow is transported smoothly. It should be noted that to choose bow hair with high friction, a good ponytail can bite the string without slipping. High quality rosin can increase friction. Filter pad configuration: Different materials have different timbre effects. There is only one principle to be emphasized here: match it with any sound filter pad if you like it. Keep consistent with the characteristics of other components and coordinate with the overall combination. The purpose of erhu integration and tuning is to give full play to the characteristics of your piano, that is, to "get through" the timbre of the piano, even in the best state. What is' transparency'? We can observe in a simple way. When playing the piano, please gently touch the bone plane at the bend of the piano head. If you can feel the vibration, it means that the piano is through. The stronger the vibration, the more transparent the sound. Third, master the operation technology of erhu skillfully. All of the above are related to hardware. Now let's talk about the function of the software. Even if the piano is tuned to the best condition, can your erhu make the most beautiful sound? Not necessarily. It also depends on everyone's technology and skill level. For example, whether a good horse can run the fastest speed depends on the driver's control ability. No matter how good the piano is, you can't control it, and it's hard to produce beautiful timbre. The quality of erhu itself is hardware, and human skill is software. The perfect combination of software and hardware can play the sound of nature. On the premise that the piano has been determined, the technical level of people is the decisive factor. The running-in of the piano depends on profound skill; Piano tuning depends on rich experience; Mastering the piano depends on exquisite skills. This is the function of software. How can I play the most beautiful sound of erhu? Only by strengthening the training of basic skills, mastering various techniques of erhu skillfully and laying a solid foundation for basic skills. We can compare the erhu to a complicated machine. First of all, learn to operate. Various bow, fingering and special techniques are an independent operation technique. Only by mastering every technology can we start and use the machine freely. Right-handed technique. There are two aspects in the right-hand technique: one is to carry the bow, and the other is the bow method. Practice these two things well, and erhu can talk and sing. As for what key to sing and how high to sing. That belongs to the left hand. The bow is mainly used to solve whether the erhu sound is mellow, full, clear and bright. Bow method mainly solves the control of bow speed, strength and string changing, as well as the application of bow, bow, jump, throw, quiver, shake and string changing techniques. Left-handed technique. It mainly trains four fingers to press strings flexibly, quickly and flexibly. On this basis, we should also master the intonation, learn to knead strings, change handles, shake fingers and all kinds of sliding sounds. Practice each fingering repeatedly until you are proficient. Two-handed coordination technique. In the training of bow and fingering, we should combine the technique of hand coordination, and also practice some etudes specially written for hand coordination. Fingers should be aimed at two time points: bow change and string change. This is especially important when changing the handle, string and bow. In addition, in some special playing techniques, the tacit cooperation of both hands is also needed. Mastering the techniques and skills of erhu operation is an important stage to lay a good foundation, and this process may be very long. There is no shortcut except practicing hard in the right way. What is needed is the determination and courage to control the erhu, plus patience and perseverance. The basic training of erhu is a gradual process. Even if you have mastered all kinds of bow and fingering techniques, you still need to improve your speed and proficiency and overcome key technical problems. Etudes are like exercises at all levels, from elementary to advanced, and cannot be done overnight. After mastering the primary and intermediate erhu techniques, you can "assemble" the relevant operation skills according to the requirements of solo and use them comprehensively. Fourth, constantly improve the level of erhu performance. If you master the operation technique of erhu, you can gradually control the performance of erhu. The ability and level of controlling erhu performance can be reflected from several aspects of erhu performance. The author roughly divides erhu performance into the following four levels: 1, the first level-introduction, which is the primary stage of practicing erhu. Through the study and training of the basic knowledge of erhu, you can master the basic skills of bow drawing, fingering, string changing, handle changing, string rolling, etc., you can master the intonation and rhythm, and you can play the etudes and solo tracks of erhu Band 4 exam smoothly. It can be regarded as having the basic skills of playing erhu. In my opinion, "Good Night" and "Horse Racing" are the most ideal and comprehensive solo that "assembles" various operational skills. Each section of these two songs can be perfectly expressed according to the technical requirements, which really reaches the primary standard. 2. The second level-on the basis of the previous level, strengthen the training of intermediate and advanced skills, and be able to master difficult bow methods such as bow method, throwing method, fast bow method and jumping method, as well as common special bow methods; Skillfully use rolling kneading, pressing kneading, picking kneading, sliding kneading and other kneading techniques; Some local characteristics are used freely; Be able to grasp intonation and control rhythm; It can play music with pure sound quality and full and round tone, which sounds like erhu. This has the expressive force of erhu. 3. The third level-after you have a solid basic skill, you should improve your artistic quality and cultivation, understand the purpose and connotation of erhu opera, and enter the emotional level. If you have skills, the tenth grade music can be accurately pulled down from beginning to end, but it will not express the feelings of music. Just like boiled water, it is insipid and tasteless, and it is also suspected of showing off skills. Only by further understanding the environment, background and intention of the songwriter can we accurately express the feelings that the songwriter wants to express, so it is infectious. Only when you are first moved by the emotion of music can you move the audience by playing the emotion revealed. This is the level of professional performance. 4, the fourth floor-introduction This is the highest realm of erhu performance. We should not only understand the emotions to be expressed in music, but also conduct in-depth analysis and research on music to enter the realm of music. Make use of one's artistic accomplishment, knowledge level, experience, imagination and thinking ability in images, and combine one's feelings to create music for the second time. To achieve the unity of man and piano, self-emotion, selflessness and selflessness, let the performance shock people's hearts, touch the hearts of the audience and bring the audience into the realm of music. Without skillful techniques, exquisite skills, profound artistic attainments and magical skills, this realm can not be achieved. This is a master class. At this level, it can be said that his ability to control the erhu is extraordinary, and his erhu skills are superb and he can do whatever he wants.