Guan Yu's Water Poems

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Oh, ask this river that flows eastward.

plum

Live by the water. Water is the source of life in the world, the milk that breeds civilization, and the sweetness that drives the flowers of poetry.

Seventy percent of the earth's surface is made up of water. Who can live without boiled water? As early as more than 2,000 years ago, Confucius compared mountains to water: "Wise people enjoy water, while benevolent people enjoy water." His philosophical thoughts inspired future generations not only the wisdom of landscape aesthetics. The four happiness poems written by predecessors say that there are four great pleasures in life, that is, "meeting an old friend after a long drought." . On their wedding night, when to be no.1. "This is a secular happiness, and even the' water' after a long drought should be invited.

Water is the object of praise and tribute by Chinese and foreign poets. "Guan Guan's dove is in Hezhou", and when I opened the cover of the Book of Songs, I saw a piece of water and river light in the north, which was already on the line; "The autumn wind is blowing, and the waves in Dongting Lake are under the trees." Turn to the page of Songs of the South, and you will see the lake waves and river waves in the south, which are saturated with Qu Yuan's already tearful poems. The water in the pre-Qin period flowed through the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, and the poems of poets in the Tang Dynasty, which were divided into early, prosperous, middle and late periods. There are also waves in Song Ci.

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Under normal circumstances, water is mild. The idiom "gentleness is like water" and "good wind is like water" is to compare water with the tenderness in human heart and the good wind outside nature. In A Dream of Red Mansions, Cao Xueqin said through Jia Baoyu that "a daughter is flesh and blood made of water" and also linked water with the tenderness of children. Water is soft, and friendship and love like a duck to water in the world often make people hold hands. Moreover, boats and boats were the main means of transportation of the ancients, and Jinkou and Ferry often became places where friends or lovers waved at each other. At the same time, running water symbolizes that the years fly and never look back, while life is easy to get old and meet each other late. Therefore, many Song poems expressing friendship or love have an indissoluble bond with water. The image of water plays a very important role in this kind of words, such as trees to mountains and flowers to trees. Today, except for a few people who see friends or lovers off by boat, most of them are on the platform of the railway station or in the lobby of the airport. There is only the rumble of cars and machines, but there is no murmur of running water and sparkling water. Of course, there is still water in the middle. However, if it is not the mineral water in kiosks and canteens, it is the tears between us.

Xu Hun, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, loved water. He often uses the word "water" in his poems, which is called "Xu Hun's thousand poems are wet". What about Song Ci? Besides Shui Rou, friendship and love are also soft. Many Song Ci poems were wet by water because southerners accounted for more than 80% of the poets in the Song Dynasty. Song Ci poems, especially the graceful and restrained ones, are typical southern literature. From the geographical environment, the south is the so-called water town, especially the "Jiangnan" in the south. Of course, the friendship and love performed in front of such a big background as water country and Zeguo are even more watertight. Such as Wang Yin's "Clerk, Send Bao Haoran to East Zhejiang":

Water looks like a beautiful woman's eyes, like a beautiful frown. Which way do you want to ask pedestrians? To the intersection of mountains and rivers. Take the spring water and send you back. If you go to the south, you can catch up with spring, and you must keep the scenery of spring.

This is a fresh and refined farewell speech. East Zhejiang, now the southeast of Zhejiang, belongs to East Zhejiang Road in Song Dynasty, which is called East Zhejiang for short. Wang Guan compares water to a cross-flow eye, uses a wrinkled eyebrow peak to describe the mountain, and uses an eyebrow eye to symbolize the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and eastern Zhejiang, expressing farewell and blessings to friends. This word, like a cheerful and beautiful light music, has no sadness of parting, only playful description and prayer. However, if there is no fancy for water, the word will fall off and the beautiful strings will be dumb.

Su Dongpo's Yu Meiren is much heavier. It is said that this word was sent off to Qin Guan after drinking in Huai Shang:

The sound of the waves beats the pillow, and the moonlight is small. Ruthless bian water flows from the east, only carrying a boat to hate the west.

Ceng Zui in Zhu Xi's flower garden, the wine smells more than tears. Who teaches the wind to learn from the dust? Make a noise and send it away!

Qin Guan is one of the "Four Bachelor of Su Men". Su Dongpo had a good eye for pearls and spared no effort to tell Qin Guan everything. Qin Guan is also deeply sympathetic to Su Dongpo, unlike some young artists who burn bridges and forget righteousness now. In November of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), the two met in Gaoyou, and Qin Guan crossed the Huaihe River to bid farewell for more than 200 miles and said goodbye in Huaishang. Dongpo wrote this word after leaving. The first part of this word is about sadness after parting. The second part recalls the joy of traveling with Wuxi and Xing Wu a few years ago, and ends with the irony of meeting each other after a long separation, which shows that their friendship is everlasting. Ruthless running water has a lover. Without the ruthless water, the poet's affection and friendship would not be so touching. The famous sentence "Wandering from the east without mercy, traveling to the west alone in a boat" has become a classic of later generations, just like Su Dongpo's master Zhang Lei's "Graceful painting as a spring pool, only waiting for pedestrians to get half drunk". No matter the rain or the smoke, Jae will hate Jiangnan ("Jueju"), which is to imitate his teacher. Su Dongpo's charm can also be seen from Li Qingzhao's "I'm afraid the ship can't carry much sorrow" ("Wuling Spring").

The relationship between water and love seems to be closer than that between water and friendship. Water is a symbol of tenderness and endless love, and it is also an almost indispensable witness of ancient lovers' farewell. The length of water is like the eternity of love, the twists and turns of water, the depth and breadth of water, the depth and breadth of love, the surge of water and the ups and downs of love. Lin Bu, who has lived in seclusion in Hangzhou West Lake for 20 years, loves Meixi River and has never been married. She is called "Mei Wife Crane", but this seemingly out-of-touch poet seems to be swimming around in love. Otherwise, it is difficult for him to write short and sentimental "Sauvignon Blanc":

Wu, the moon is clear, and the green hills on both sides of the strait greet each other. Who knows the feeling of parting? You are full of tears, I am full of tears, and my heart is not tied. The tide at the head of the river has ebbed.

Qiantang River is the dividing line between ancient wuyue and China, with Wu in the north and Yue in the south. I don't know how many lovers have seen joys and sorrows, but now they have become the testimony of the lyric hero of this poem. Shakespeare said: tears are the most precious liquid of human beings, and they cannot flow out easily. Emotion moves in the middle and forms in tears. When the tide is gentle and about to set sail, the two lovers who are about to separate can't stop crying, and tears flood with the tide. Since Bai Juyi, the tone of "Sauvignon Blanc" has been used to express the love between men and women, but the combination of love and water is very prominent, and Lin Bu is a single aristocrat.

In Song Ci, from the earth to the sky, water and love really became attached to Wan Li. Xie Yi once wrote more than 300 butterfly poems and many beautiful sentences, which won him the reputation of "thanking butterflies". In "Partridge Sky", he once wrote: "My eyes are full of sorrow, and the water is boundless. Who handed down the fine print of incense? The rain is on the banks of Chu River, and the grass is lighter than Wujiang River. " He wrote about water and love on the ground. What about Qin Guan? In his masterpiece "Queqiao Fairy", "thin clouds are clever, flying stars spread grievances, and both silver and Chinese are dark. When the golden wind and jade dew meet, they will win over countless people, but they will praise the water and love in the sky. The poem about the Yangtze River was originally written by Su Shi, a southerner and a Shu Ren. " It can be said that no one can beat him, but Li Zhiyi, a native of Wudi County, Shandong Province, wants to spend a lot of money in the south and compete with Su Dongpo with a "small operator". No, a river lacks strength:

I live in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and you live in the lower reaches. I miss you every day, but I can't see you, so I drink Yangtze River water. The water of the Yangtze River flows eastward for a long time, and I don't know when it will stop, and neither will their lovesickness and parting hatred. I only hope that your heart is the same as mine, and you will not live up to this mutual yearning.

The weather and connotation of this word can't be compared with Su Ci, just as the average master in Wulin can't be compared with the top super-class master. But the words "I" and "Jun" are opposites, and "Yangtze River" is connected. It is also written with deep feelings and creativity. Su Ci is like Huang Lu, and this word is like a flute. Su Dongpo, a contemporary, read it, and I'm afraid he'll have to hit it. I once heard Shi Yigui, a famous singer from Taiwan Province who lives in the United States, sing this song. This rich tenor really fascinates me. Yu Guangzhong, a famous contemporary poet, wrote, "I am at the head of the Yangtze River/you are at the end of the Yangtze River/folding a small white paper boat/throwing it into the Yangtze River/turning black when I throw it/turning white when you pick up the boat/hating the boat late/hating the urgency of the water/turning white when you pick up the boat". Isn't this what he inherited from afar?

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Between heaven and earth, there is a big drift and a small drift. "drift" was originally forged by water, small drift and water.

In the vast universe, people are like a duckweed. Li Bai has long said that "heaven and earth are the reverse of everything, and time is a passer-by for hundreds of generations". He compared heaven and earth to a temporary hostel for everything, including people. In fact, he refers to people whose lives are short. They are like wandering in endless time and space. This is the so-called "big wandering". What about the little drifter? Today's life still has ups and downs, not to mention the ancients whose fate is more difficult to grasp in their hands? Going to the frontier to fight, going to the metropolis to catch the exam, officials migrating, traveling around Jiasifang, leaving chaos in the war, although moving to a different place is the traditional concept of the Chinese nation, all beings should consciously or be forced to wander around. In addition, ancient transportation and communication were primitive and backward. There were no four-wheeled cars or trains with thousands of wheels flying around, and there were no modern supersonic planes flying around like birds without a cloud. At most, they go out by Li He's donkey. Although ancient legends have the imagination of "clairvoyance" and "clairvoyance", modern technologies such as telegraph, telex and videophone e-mail are far from being shared by the ancients with modern people. I drift with the tide and can't understand the sound, so it will be a difficult period rather than a fixed period. My homesickness and anxiety for all beings will become longer and longer, and my sadness about not knowing where to go will become more and more profound. In the Song Dynasty, poets took to the stage to write ci. It is modern, but it still doesn't seem to retreat from the stage to the background. We audience are still listening to them sing.

Wandering travelers can see their earliest figures in the Book of Songs. I don't know how many poems were born in the Tang Dynasty, which developed first and then became turbulent, not to mention the once prosperous Song Dynasty after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Most of the wandering ci poems in Song Dynasty show the deep-rooted homesickness of China people and China poets, as well as their nostalgia for their hometown, which emphasizes geography and family. For example, Liu Yong, the most traveled poet in the Song Dynasty, is also the author who writes the most homesickness. He lived in Hedong, then moved south to settle in Chong 'an (now Fujian), lived in Bianjing in his youth, and traveled all over the south of the Yangtze River and across Huai 'an Chu Township. Among them, he once went back to his hometown in Fujian, and in the poem "Peak Temple in the Title", there is a sentence "I can't get tired of traveling on October 1, and I want to go back later", which has a deep attachment to my hometown. He has a poem "Klang Ganzhou", which Su Shi appreciates very much. He thinks that the beautiful sentence "does not reduce the height of the Tang people":

Facing the rain from the sky, a piece of washed autumn scenery on the river is particularly cold. The bleak frost wind is tight, the river surface of the mountains and rivers is deserted, and the setting sun shines on the tall buildings. Red flowers wither everywhere, and all the beautiful scenery gradually disappears. Only the gushing water of the Yangtze river flows eastward without sound. I can't bear to climb to the top of the mountain, look at my hometown and think about it. Sighing where these years have gone, why do you have to stay in a strange land for a long time? Miss a few times to miss the beauty makeup, the sky is home, want to know me, lean on a dry place, I am worried!

Liu Yong, whose wind stalks are floating in all directions, hid his hometown in the middle. When will he forget it? He said in "Returning to the Chao Huan" that "he looks at his hometown, but his heart turns to have wings", and in "Man Jiang Hong", he said that "seeing a passer-by, homesick for his hometown, hurts a wanderer". This poet, who is best at expressing wanderers' feelings, takes the Yangtze River in autumn dusk as the background, and in his masterpiece Eight Sounds of Ganzhou, he expresses his wanderers' longing for the distance, homesickness for the guests, anxiety about the imprisoned journey and yearning for climbing to the distance. From beginning to end, the waves of the Yangtze River beat his homesickness and wet his poems.

Jie Jiang was a creative poet in the late Southern Song Dynasty. After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, he wrote Yu Meiren Listening to the Rain, which is naturally a personal and epochal monument. What about his "Crossing the Wujiang River with One Piece of Plum and One Boat"? Writing about water and drifting, and writing about drifting and leaving sorrow are also masterpieces of young people:

A piece of spring worries about wine. Rocking boats on the river, pulling curtains upstairs, crossing in autumn and crossing Tainiang Bridge. The wind is floating and the rain is falling. When will you go home and wash your robe? The silver word is the tone, and the heart word is the fragrance. The streamer easily dumped people, turning cherries into red and plantains into green.

Jie Jiang is a native of Yixing, Jiangsu Province. His home is on the west bank of Taihu Lake, and Wujiang is Wujiang County on the east bank of Taihu Lake. On the journey of drifting from east to west, the poet sailed across the Wujiang River and met the spring rain. He naturally misses his hometown not far away, misses the warmth of his family, and sighs that the years have passed and it is difficult to return to his hometown. "Red" and "green" are adjectives, which have been created and renovated here, making them part-time verbs and illuminating the eyes of readers of all ages. Among them, "Cherry Red, Banana Green" may come from Li Yu's "Cherry Falls and Spring Returns", but will Li Yu, an imperial genius, also admit that shine on you is better than Blue?

Vagrancy is probably the eternal theme of poetry. At present, the other side of the Taiwan Strait agrees that the mainland respects national culture, such as the sentient beings who constantly cut the umbilical cord and the descendants of the Chinese people who are far away at home and abroad. In the depths of their souls, most of them will involuntarily have a heavy sense of wandering. They often look back at the old country linked by blood in the sea breeze and west wind. Therefore, Yu Guangzhong wrote the poems "Homesickness" and "Homesickness Four Rhymes" related to rivers and seas in his early years. Recently, he wrote in the article "Mother and Extramarital Affairs". Taiwan Province Province is a wife, Hong Kong is a lover, and Europe is an affair ",and" endless old country, Youlong calls him mainland all over the world, strong men call him Kyushu, and heroes call him Jianghu when they are in trouble ". And another famous poet in Taiwan Province province, Rove? He used to borrow Li Bai's wine glass to water the lumps in his chest. He said in the poem "The foot of the bed is as bright as a thread": "It's not frost/but homesickness that spins a wheel in our flesh and blood/where the moon falls thousands of times/as long as a pot of Jinmen sorghum/a small dish of beans/Li Bai draws a cross on the water/worries his heart/draws a cross from now on". Many of the wandering feelings written by outstanding contemporary poets in Taiwan Province Province are inextricably linked with "water", and most of them can find their origin and blood relationship from Tang poetry and Song poetry, just like an old tree that has been blooming for thousands of years. Although the new flowers are no longer old, botanists can still find roots for them.

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Water and drifting are sometimes just personal joys and sorrows. The starting point of poetry is originally a personalized and unique life experience. If this experience can be connected with others, it will be quite artistic, even if it is a solo, it will be equally touching. However, some poets write about water, just like a drop of water can reflect sunlight. Their works reflect an era. Although it is still a solo, the bowstring is as grand and deep as a song.

Ask how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward. You can hear how many lamentations and lamentations of the times were played in the dynasties and times when the situation in that country was deteriorating and chaotic. There is no pride of "how the water of the Yellow River moves to the sky, enters the ocean and never returns", and there is no victory of "the mountains and rivers are flat and primitive, and the river winds across the wilderness". These are the sights of the former dynasty and the glory of the past. In many poems in the Song Dynasty, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, what we whimper is the sound of running water that we still can't bear to hear.

Just like the two sides of a river, from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, the style of ci was embroidered by tender pearls, thanking the generosity of the motherland's sad songs. At the beginning of Nandu, Chen Weihe built a bridge. In November of the first year of Jingkang (1 126), Jin Bing crossed the Yellow River and attacked Luoyang. Zhu Dunru, who was originally from Luoyang, went south in panic, joined the ranks of refugees from all over the world, entered Jiangxi with the piercing wind and the piercing crane, and went to Guangdong and Guangxi, where he wrote several unprecedented "refugee words" along the way. If there is "refugee literature" in China, Zhu Dunru's works can occupy an important page, such as "Picking Mulberries and Penglang";

A boat goes to Jiangnan, and a lonely cloud goes. Wan Li smoke, looking back on the Central Plains, tears full of towels. The blue mountains are cold until the night boat, and the maple leaves are reeds. As the sun sets, I'm afraid to leave my hometown and go to the people.

"Penglangji" is near the Yangtze River in pengze county, Jiangxi Province, where there are large and small isolated mountains. This word was written by Zhu Dunru on his way to the south. The era is originally a gloomy era, what's more, the festival happens to be the time when the maple leaves are flying in the north and the autumn wind is rustling. At this time, the Yangtze River, in the eyes of homesick poets, is certainly not the heroic scene in Su Shi's poems, nor can it attract the whimsy and pride of "Xiao Qiao's first marriage, heroic and spirited", but the evil wind roars, the turbid waves fly, and Wan Li grows up.

Zhu Dunru, who is originally from Luoyang, is like this. Where's fellow villager Chen? The difficulty of Jingkang led to the invasion of nomads from the south, and Chen fled from Chenliu, Henan Province. In the twelfth lunar month of Jianjian's third year (1 129), he met his fellow countryman friend Xi Daguang in Hengshan County, Hunan Province, and turned from north to south. When he talked about the great changes in his motherland, he was full of sighs. A few days after New Year's Day the following year, Chen left Hengshan and went to Shaoyang via Hengyang. At the farewell dinner, he wrote "Don't be too bright" and "Yu Meiren Daguangzuxi, Long Sentence Drunk":

Zhang Fan was still scratching his head when he wanted to leave, and he was even more drunk. Poetry waits for the spring breeze every day, but leaves in a hurry after the peach blossoms bloom. Singing is often swallowed up by pedestrians, thinking of the previous snow. In the Ming dynasty, wine woke up the river and loaded a boat to hate Hengzhou.

Chen went south with his family. After getting together with his friends, he said goodbye in a hurry. But when he went to Shaoyang, he had to pass through Hengzhou, 120 miles away, which is today's Hengyang, Hunan. The whole word recalls the past, and the first call should follow, but the water of Xiangjiang River thousands of miles away bears the heavy responsibility of "carrying a boat full of hate to Hengzhou". Although this is a famous sentence in Yu Meiren written by Su Shi when he was in Yangzhou, it is not a repetition of the predecessors, but contains the connotation of the times that the predecessors did not have. His "sadness of parting" is not only a "small pain" for friends to leave, but also a "great worry" for the destruction of the country. I've also been a guest in Hengshan and traveled a little. Of course, I can't help recalling the past when Chen came and went in a hurry. I wonder if my above ideas are in line with his initial intention? I want to have a drink and chat with him, but unfortunately I can't find him.

Xin Qiji is a representative figure in Song Ci. People call it "the words of the poet" and "the words of benevolence". Xin Qiji is not only a poet with a flying pen, but also a man with lofty ideals who cares about the country and the people. He climbed high and saw far, and felt sad when he was near the water. He wrote the lyrics of water, which is like a mirror, reflecting the suffering of the times, and the water flows like a song, singing the hearts of people with lofty ideals. For example, "Jiang Tou is angry and waves come over the house" ("Niannujiao Deng Jiankang Banquet Pavilion") implies the difficulty of the current situation; For example, "The old hatred in Chunjiang River keeps flowing, and the new hatred in Yunshan is full of twists and turns" ("Niannujiao Liu Shudong Village Wall"), which expresses the life experience and the hatred of home and country; For example, "There is no storm at the head of the river, and it is difficult for the world to go" ("Partridge Sky Sending People away"), and it is true that people with will are subject to and even framed everywhere; "Where to see China? Full of scenery, Gu Bei Building. How many things have gone up and down through the ages? The long and endless rolling Yangtze River (Nanxiangzi Dengjingkou Gubei Tinghuai) denounces the cowardice of politicians and expresses their yearning for heroic achievements. What is the endless rolling flow? Is it Chao Jiang, not his own feelings? In particular, his "Bodhisattva Jiang Zao Koubi":

How many pedestrians shed tears in the middle of Qingjiang River in Yugutai. Looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, there are countless poor mountains. Castle peak can't cover up, after all, it flows east. The river is sad at dusk, and the mountain is deep!

Yugutai is located in the northwest corner of Ganzhou City, where the Zhanghe River and Gongxia River meet to form the Ganjiang River, that is, the word "Qingjiang River", which passes through Koukou, Wan 'an and now Ji 'an and Nanchang, and then flows northward into Poyang Lake and into the Yangtze River. Zaokou, also known as Zaokou, is 60 miles southwest of Wan 'an County. In January of the third year of the proposal, the nomads invaded the south in two ways. East Road crossed the river and captured Jiankang and Lin 'an. Emperor Gaozong was forced to flee from the sea of integrity, while the west road crossed the river from Huanggang, Hubei Province, and went straight to Jiangxi to pursue the Queen Mother Longyou. Nearly half a century later, Xin Qiji moved to Ganzhou and arrived in Jiangxi, looking back on the past and comforting people today. In front of him, the Ganjiang River was filled with tears of sad people all over the world. Although the heavy green mountains and green rivers can't stop the rivers, it is sad that the state affairs are out of control. Bodhisattva Man was originally a poem expressing the tenderness of children. Xin Qiji wrote with his hand-carved sculpture, but it contains the sadness of ancient and modern home and country, generous and desolate, catching up with Li Taibai's homophonic works. But writing a small river can reflect the great times. Xin Qiji provided immortal poetic evidence and built a monument that will never collapse.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, people kept providing this kind of poetic evidence. After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen's "Shui Hu Huai Gu" seems to be a summary poem written for that troubled times:

Southeast China has been a famous country since ancient times, and West Lake has many beautiful people since ancient times. Near the pavilions on the embankment, there are pavilions for painting boats and tourists singing. Shili Lotus, Sanqiu Guizi, and four mountains are green. Be a hero for a hundred years, forget all about it, and be determined for life. Unfortunately, the rotation of the sky is different. By who, the shame of snow? Climb to victory, feel sad about the present and play heroic spirit. Luxury pushes mountains, heaven moves water, and farming mulberry fields. Borrow water from Qiantang hole and wash it for you. General Yue burst into tears.

Lin 'an is the first state in Southeast China, the capital of Southern Song Dynasty, and the West Lake is the diamond of the famous state and the corolla of the capital. Now diamonds change hands and crowns wither, not because foreign enemies are powerful, but because of internal corruption. The word "Chen" is an evocation song written by him for a fatuous and decadent dynasty that can't die, and also a closing speech written for an era that can't go back.

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What mortals see from the water is the practicality of life, and what philosophers experience from the water is life and philosophy of life.

"Confucius said in Sichuan: the deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night", Confucius lamented that life is limited and the universe is infinite; "If the people return to the water, who can resist it?" Mencius pointed out that people's hearts are like running water and irresistible; "monarch, boat, Shu Ren, water also. The knife cuts bread and fingers. Xunzi's metaphor of the relationship between political power and people left a warning idiom for China culture. Han Fei, a student of Xunzi, did the opposite, arguing that "the gentleman is still good at the pot, while the people are still good at the water, and the pot is round." It seems that people can only be obedient lambs. Where's Lao Tzu? He not only said that "the world is not weaker than water", but also saw that the power of water was "uncontrollable". What about Zhuangzi? He realized that drop by drop of water, though insignificant, could be gathered together to carry a "big ship". Where is the grandson? This great strategist is inseparable from his business. What he learned from the flowing form of water is the way to defeat the enemy: "Therefore, the soldiers have no constant potential and the water is unpredictable; Being able to win because of the enemy's change is called God. "

The pre-Qin period was the golden age of China's ideological history. The above philosophers' thoughts and feelings about water are like distant candlelight, swaying in the wind of time more than two thousand years ago and never going out. What about the scene in the poem? There are many poems about mountains in The Book of Songs, and even more poems about water. In Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty, there are 8 1 river, 36 seas, 2 1 wave, 18 springs, 17 lakes and marshes and 7 other places involving water, which shows that water, as the main category of natural beauty, plays an important role in human life and poetry creation. Wang Zhihuan's In the Heron House in the Tang Dynasty and Zhu's Random Thoughts on Reading in the Song Dynasty are both famous works praising water and philosophy. One is big, the other is small, the other is majestic and profound, and the other is a square pond with thousands of miles of water. It can be said that each has its own understanding, and the philosophy of life contained in it is still like an inexhaustible spring, which irrigates the readers' hearts.

Poems about water in Song Ci, such as stars, are beautiful. What I quoted above is only part of it. What about the water chapters related to the philosophy of life in Song Ci? I'll pick a few more stars, such as Zhao's Good Jiangnan:

The sky is full of water, and the water is far from the sky. The sky is high and the clouds are light, the moon is high and the clouds are cold, and the water is full of moonlight. People and scenery, people and scenery are difficult to be complete. When the scenery is good, my heart beats fast and my heart is happy. Don't talk to laity.

The poet wrote about the scenery of the water town on the moonlit night in the south of the Yangtze River, just like a serenade of the water town. Among them, "when the scenery is good, the heart beats fast and the heart is happy at the scene." It describes the corresponding relationship between aesthetic subject and aesthetic object, and tells the true meaning of tourism aesthetics or natural appreciation aesthetics, which is full of philosophy. Fan Zhongyan, who was also a member of the Song Dynasty, wrote about two kinds of scenery, "rainy and rainy" and "beautiful spring", and two different inner feelings inspired by them. Right?

Zhao is an insider who writes about the relationship between people and scenery. What about foreigners? Listen to The Fisherman's Pride written by a monk named Yuan Zen Master;

This is Xiaoxiang fisherman, from east to west and from north to south. Only a lonely boat is a house. The sky is wide and narrow, and people are unpredictable It is said that Gege stops all over the world, and Jinmen is lazy in throwing books. Sing moonlight on the beach. Really Gog, who can be arrested for fame and fortune!

Taking boat as home and water as companion is a way of life and lofty spiritual realm after seeing through the world of mortals. How many people in the world, including myself, can break through all kinds of fame and benefits? After reading this poem, the monk's words of enlightenment, I really want to burn incense to pay homage to him, ask him to open my ignorance as an ordinary person, and let the wise teacher remove the dew of my six unclean hearts.

In Song Dynasty, there was at least one great poet, Su Shi, who was connected with Master Yuan. One autumn night in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), Su Shi, who was demoted to Huangzhou, went boating on the Yangtze River with several guests, drank wine for the month, and returned to Linjiang County to return to Lingao at night.

I drank Dongpo in the evening and woke up drunk. It seemed like midnight when I came back. The child is short of breath. You shouldn't even knock on the door, but lean on your cane and listen to the sound of the river. The dragon hates that this body is not mine, so forget the camp. At night, the wind is calm and the hub is flat. Since then, this ship has passed away, and Jiang Hai spent the rest of his life.

Poets, from the vastness of the Yangtze River, can't help but think of the rush of life. The Yangtze River flows freely, and life is full of troubles and difficulties. Buddhists have a saying: all thoughts begin with the heart. "I don't have to hate myself for a long time, so when should I forget camping?" This is Su Shi's life feeling from the storm of his official career and the river in front of him. It is not easy to get this philosophical understanding, let alone really do it!

After all, this Confucian principle of establishing the world is Su Shi's belief in life, not to mention that he is an upright man with the ambition to save the world and help the people. Suffering and exile did not cool his blood, but what he longed for was a positive and hopeful life. In March of the fifth year of Yuanfeng, when he was exiled to Huangzhou, he saw Lanxi flowing west in front of the temple, filled with lofty sentiments, and flashes of light and philosophical lightning flashed in Shi Huo. For lightning Shi Huo, it is "Huan Xi Sha has autumn water in Qingquan Temple, the temple is near Lanxi, and Xixi flows":

Under the mountain, the blue buds are short immersed in the stream, and the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free. It rained at dusk. Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The water in front of the door can still flow west, instead of singing white-haired orioles.

Life is limited and the universe is infinite. Flowers will reopen one day and people will no longer be young. The ruthless law of nature is irresistible, so in the history of poetry, there are many songs lamenting the inferiority complex of the elderly, that is, in terms of water, Yan Shu's "Qingpingle" says that "the green waves still flow eastward without knowing where the human face is", while Liao Shimei's "Candle Shadows Shake Red" says that "the scenery building in Anlu says that" the light of the Spring Festival will be hurried, and where will be known by the flowing water ",and there is Zhang Lun. Time flies. Floating clouds are long, why seek outside? "Mao Kun will be happy:" atrium trees, empty steps of rain, long thinking. Lonely life is full of worries, and the tragic consciousness of life is understandable, but such a similar tone has exhausted our ears. So Su Shi quoted a song, which made us feel refreshed. People have physical age and psychological age, physical youth and psychological youth. Didn't Wang Bo, a young man, say that "it's better to know the heart of a white head than to have more troubles in life"? What's more, Su Shi is broad-minded, full of vitality and creativity? Lanxi, Lanxi, I wonder if it is still alive today? Is it still flowing west? The name of the stream is beautiful, and Shui Ze is deep and long. Su Shi, who is 45 years old, was inspired to sing a song of youth with enduring philosophy and words.

Water is one of the most common substances and mountains in nature, and it is also one of the most common and beneficial landscapes in nature. Good water and mountains often work together as neighbors and depend on each other as partners. Qu Yuan has already made a chorus of mountains and rivers, and China's poems began with the first chapter of Cao Cao's "Walking out of Xiamen", which gave birth to a noble Tsinghua family named "Landscape Poems".

There are many chapters about mountains and rivers in Song Ci, but there are also works about mountains and water. When I open Song Ci, it is already a dazzling "water". Although the green hills are charming, I have no time to see the mountains, so I have to give up my love temporarily. No, cut the "mountains". Please don't blame me for those charming green hills in Song Ci.