What race is the Han nationality?

When did the Han nationality really become a "clan" in the concept of a modern country?

The state of Qin is called Qin people, the Han people are called Han people, and the Song people are called Song people, emphasizing "the world" and "dynasties" rather than "countries" and "nations". During the reign of Mongols, there were four kinds of people: Mongols, Semu people, Han people and southerners. During the rule of the Jurchen nationality, there was a Manchu-Han dynasty. When Sun Yat-sen put forward the Three People's Principles, the ethnic group was the Han nationality. When and how did this start? Why Han, not Tang and Ming?

Why did China split the provinces and the Roman Empire split the country?

Now let me answer this question. I think it can be compared.

First of all, the western concepts of "nation" and "nation-state" have always been a group of people with the same language, history and culture in ancient times. Language is often an important basis for distinguishing nationalities. Unlike the west, our group has no concept of nationality since ancient times. This ethnic group is extremely tolerant, and whether it is different languages or different lineages, it is constantly becoming a part of this ethnic group. That is, the definition of "Han nationality", a huge and magical nation, has always been different from that of the West.

In today's internationalization, the definition of modern nation blurs others and tends to the cultural level. So this definition is closer to the definition of Han nationality.

First of all, if the nation is a cultural definition based on the modern national definition, the concept of the Han nationality has been produced since the era of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, gradually fixed during the invasion of Nuzhen, Mengyuan and Manchu, and was completely defined during the Japanese invasion of China. According to the consistent definition of nationality in Europe, the Han nationality has been different from it since the primitive society.

The nationality mentioned below is based on the original definition.

In the first sentence, our small tribe from Zhengzhou, Henan Province to Yanshi has become a big country with 9.6 million square kilometers. Certainly not a vegetarian, people or regimes that have made great contributions will naturally be worshipped. The history of Han people is a history of entrepreneurship. In our history, there is no "since ancient times". Looking back 3000 years, Shandong is a foreign country, Shaanxi is a foreign country, Hunan and Hubei are foreign countries, and Anhui and Jiangsu are foreign countries. Not to mention Guangdong and Guangxi, but also my Heilongjiang, which was once considered as the hometown of ghosts and gods.

Qin and Tang clans have nothing to say. Russia still calls us the Khitan. It can only be said that it is not widely used, but we don't argue. Let's talk about the origin of "Han nationality" first. And the name Han comes from only one river, the Hanjiang River, a tributary of the Yangtze River. And it is not the downstream of Wuhan, but the narrow upstream of Hanzhong.

Answering questions needs to be traced back to the source. Moreover, since the Stone Age, when there was no such thing as "Han", I would never say "Han". Moreover, the historical view of this article is more in line with the geographical direction. It is always said that the Three Emperors and Five Emperors are legends. The worship and beautification of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors was gradually formed after the Warring States Period.

In fact, this problem is not too big. To sum up, the core is

First, the Han Dynasty was really great. This was the first dynasty that really controlled people who spoke other languages.

Second, China's thought of "revolution of changing surnames" gradually took shape. Orientals often choose to replace "orthodox" rights when they cannot fully safeguard the country. Therefore, the earlier unified dynasty will leave a nation with the greatest sense of identity.

Thirdly, the formation of the Han nationality is mainly based on the integration of expansion, assimilation and intermarriage, which is completely different from the western concept of "nation state".

So I began to trace back to the source, which has a lot to do with the formation of the Han nationality.

First of all, the statement at this time is very complicated. I just summed up and speculated on my preference.

The origin of our nation is generally recognized as the "ancient Qiang people" living in Gansu and Sichuan. The ancient Qiang people belong to the Mongolian race and use an isolated language (grammatical definition) called "Primitive Sino-Tibetan". This nation had a great division in ancient times, and the river flooded at the end of Quaternary Glacier. A group of people ran to higher plateau areas and started nomadic life. These people became the ancestors of Tibetans and ethnic minorities in Yunnan today. A group of people chose to run to the flooded fertile plain and started farming and animal husbandry, and these people are our ancestors.

Interested parties can take a look at this answer.

Is Dayu's flood control related to the legendary floods such as the Bible?

In China during the great flood, the gray is the flood plain.

Under the wise management of generations of "heroes of water control", these people gradually came to the Weihe River Basin from Tianshui, Gansu Province, and a prosperous Banpo civilization emerged. Finally, he went to the Yellow River alluvial plain, Henan Province. The disaster gradually merged the tribes. The earliest one who led us to the plain was a tribe named "Feng", which is the legend of Fuxi's wife and son-in-law (later). Later, a group of people developed the crop "millet" from the widely planted plant "dog tail grass". This tribe, later called Shennong, was worshipped by everyone and became the spiritual pillar of the Qiang people in the East, which is the legend of Emperor Yan. Slowly, the population increased, forming large and small tribes, and finally the big tribal alliance appeared. Xuanyuan, the leader of the Gongsun family in a tribe called Ji, which we later called the Yellow Emperor, became the leader of this tribal alliance. Slowly produced the legend of Yan Huang Yao Shunyu.

China was a matriarchal clan in the early days, so the word surname also means that a woman gives birth to a child, originally to distinguish ethnic groups. With the change to patriarchal clan, the existing surnames around women, such as Ji, Gui, Gui, Yao, Jiang, Ying, etc., can no longer distinguish ethnic groups, so many smaller paternal tributaries define history as family code.

At this time, there was no sense of national identity between tribes until the emergence of the "Chiyou-Sanmiao" tribe in Shandong. These people themselves are descendants of the ancient Qiang people, but there may be many "Su Shenren (Mongolian, Jurchen ancestors)" mixed in the northeast. At that time, there were many small islands in Shandong. With the reclamation movement of the Yellow River, the Shandong Peninsula became one piece.

As we all know, the tribe headed by Xuanyuan defeated the Sanmiao tribe, which became the "Jiuli". Part of Sanmiao moved northward and mixed with the fishing and hunting nationalities in Northeast China (using Altai language). Some of them went to the south and became the ancestors of Miao people. (Chinese and Tibetan are still in use)

Off-topic, in the Neolithic Age, each surname had its own tribal totem, and the earliest tribe named Feng used a snake totem. The theory of personal inclination is that snakes like humidity, which represents the omen of the coming flood and the reproductive worship of male genitals. (In Mesopotamian legends, snakes became a harbinger of original sin, an inspiration for people to fight against natural disasters, and represented the cognition of sexual pleasure, which became a very complicated existence. ) With the integration of the cattle totem tribe Shennong, the tapir totem tribe Yu and the Feng tribe, the "dragon", which best represents this big alliance, came into being as the totem of the primitive tribe, and "dragon" also accompanied this group.

Fuxi Nuwa (Feng surname), a snake head, measured heaven and earth with a ruler and was unearthed in Xinjiang.

The snake lured Eve to eat the fruit of good and evil, which led to original sin.

We will also find that the names at this time are very strange. One may be transliteration from ancient place names, and the other may be that the ancient Sino-Tibetan languages are too different from modern Chinese, perhaps some polysyllabic languages have led to later misinformation. -In other words, don't cross blindly, especially northerners. Before crossing the Yuan Dynasty, you heard the ancients speak like a foreign language.

This tribe is getting stronger and stronger, and various struggles have taken place within the clan. For example, Zhuan Xu (Ji surname, Lai surname, Huang surname), (Ji surname, Ming jun), Yao (Qi yi surname,,) and Heshun (Yao surname, You surname, Zhong Hua) may all be leaders of different clans, and this era may not necessarily be ours.

It was not until the last flood peak that Yu, the hero of water control, gradually won the hearts of the people and took over the throne of Shun in a state of no suspense. Because of the high prestige, the concept of centralization gradually began, and named his tribe after his surname "Xia" (the word "Hou" means "Wang" in primitive Chinese, such as Hou, as everyone knows.

2 1 century BC, look, how symmetrical. With the succession of Yu's son, and the failure of poverty, the family that has experienced the revolutionary test has gained a firm foothold in Henan, and finally has the embryonic form of the country, but the actual control area has never left Henan Province. Other disobedient Shang tribes and Zhou tribes around are also afraid of the developed Xia forces, so they don't make trouble.

But pay attention to one problem. At this time, the Shang tribe named Zi had set his mind at to do small business in Shandong area. In fact, it does not belong to Xia, but only recognizes Xia as the boss, especially for the tribes in Qinling Mountain, Shaanxi Province.

At this time, the concept of state is only the meaning of a city-state where a group of rulers live. This group of people used force to protect themselves and deter farmers. Looking at the traditional Chinese character "Guo", we can see that a person is guarding the city with a "Ge".