The history of JIAOZHOU Meiyang Song Festival

Cultural background of Jiaozhou Yangko Jiaozhou Yangko is also called "Diyangko" and "Running Yangko". Folk call it "twisting the waist" and "three bends", which is one of the three major yangko songs in Shandong Province. Jiaozhou Yangko has a history of more than 230 years. In Qing Dynasty, Zhao and Ma Yu 1764 from Baoyantun, Jiaozhou fled to Guandong, begging and singing along the way, and gradually formed a form of singing and dancing. After returning to my hometown, after years of legend and continuous improvement, it basically took shape in 1863, with certain programs of dancing, singing and accompaniment. The 65,438+00 actors are divided into five industries, such as drums, wooden sticks, Cui Hua and fan girls. The performances include Cross Plum Blossom, Giant Swing Team, Digging Heart, Digging Heart, Two Doors and so on. Besides suona, there are gongs, drums, cymbals, cymbals and hand gongs. 1860, on the basis of Jiaozhou Yangko, a little drama of Yangko was founded with 35 scripts. From 65438 to 0957, Jiaozhou Yangko performed in Beijing and won favorable comments. Later, 150 literary and art groups from all over the country came to jiaozhou city to study Jiaozhou Yangko, and the Beijing National Dance Academy also listed Jiaozhou Yangko as a compulsory course. 199 1 year, Jiaozhou Yangko won the "China First Yangko Competition" Excellence Award.

"Jiaozhou Yangko" is famous all over the country for its brilliant artistic charm, and was successfully selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006. Jiaozhou yangko is one of the three largest yangko in Shandong, and its dance, music and sitcom are unique among the national yangko groups. However, when Jiaozhou Yangko originated is still inconclusive.

The origin of Jiaodong Yangko, Ji Jiao Zhou Yangko is the representative of Jiaodong Yangko.

Jiaozhou Yangko has been developed for more than 300 years, mainly distributed in Jimo, Huangdao, Jiaonan and Gaomi. Fiona Fang, five miles from Jiaoxian County, is the most popular place, especially in Dagu River area.

There is a legend about the origin of Jiaozhou Yangko: A long time ago, there were two families in Jiaozhou, Li and Wang (some people said it was Feng and Zhao), and they were very close relatives. During the disaster, the two couples, each with a girl, son and daughter-in-law, went out to beg for food and play drums. Jiaozhou Yangko started with their costume performances when begging for food. Legend has it that their performances always start with a few words from one person, and then they perform some small plays after dancing.

To this day, the "Jiaozhou Yangko" actress's dance still retains the weight-bearing movements. Jiaozhou Yangko used to be called "Diyangko", "Running Yangko", "Three Bends" and "Twisting Waist". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was called "Jiaozhou Yangko" because it was mainly active in the suburbs of Jiaozhou.

The actors of Jiaozhou Yangko are basically 24 people. If the number of people increases, it must be an even number. The yangko team needs one or two organization leaders to be responsible for the affairs of the team, commonly known as the "yangko master". There is also a coach or an old actor of the Yangko team, called "Umbrella Head".

The umbrella head must be sharp-eyed, flexible and articulate. Read some jingles or say some auspicious words before the performance, and the language must be humorous. In addition, the yangko team should have 3-5 coaches who specialize in training and performing actors.

The roles of yangko can be divided into five types: Cui Hua, Fan Girl, Xiao Yan, Drum and Sticks. Generally, there are two or four people in each role, not singular. Cui Hua, a young woman and girl, is generous and stretched during the performance, showing the vigorous, cheerful, generous, gentle and demure character of women.

Mandy is a young girl, and her acting skills are naive, lively and beautiful. Drums and sticks are middle-aged and young men. Drums are smart and humorous, and sticks are heroic and vigorous.

The music accompaniment of Jiaozhou Yangko is generally feather folk percussion, with beautiful melody, changeable tone, lively rhythm and strong local flavor. The music of yangko closely cooperates with the dance movements. The octave used to express the dynamic characteristics of Yangko is appropriate and typical. The music is used flexibly according to the dance mood, and the strength and speed are highly harmonious and unified.

Nowadays, the unique style of Jiaozhou Yangko is even more brilliant. Many foreigners come to Jiaozhou to learn yangko, and many local old artists are invited to teach their skills. What's more gratifying is that Jiaozhou Yangko has been compiled as a dance teaching material in art colleges and has become a compulsory course for folk dance in national art colleges.

The cultural background of Jiaozhou Yangko is song and dance. Jiaozhou Yangko is also called "Diyangko" and "Running Yangko". Folk call it "twisting the waist" and "three bends", which is one of the three major yangko songs in Shandong Province.

Jiaozhou Yangko has a history of more than 230 years. In Qing Dynasty, Zhao and Ma Yu 1764 from Baoyantun, Jiaozhou fled to Guandong, begging and singing along the way, and gradually formed a form of singing and dancing. After returning to my hometown, after years of legend and continuous improvement, it basically took shape in 1863, with certain programs of dancing, singing and accompaniment.

The 65,438+00 actors are divided into five industries, such as drums, wooden sticks, Cui Hua and fan girls. The performances include Cross Plum Blossom, Giant Swing Team, Digging Heart, Digging Heart, Two Doors and so on. Besides suona, there are gongs, drums, cymbals, cymbals and hand gongs. 1860, on the basis of Jiaozhou Yangko, a little drama of Yangko was founded with 35 scripts.

From 65438 to 0957, Jiaozhou Yangko performed in Beijing and won favorable comments. Later, 150 literary and art groups from all over the country came to jiaozhou city to study Jiaozhou Yangko, and the Beijing National Dance Academy also listed Jiaozhou Yangko as a compulsory course.

199 1 year, Jiaozhou Yangko won the "China First Yangko Competition" Excellence Award. "Jiaozhou Yangko" is famous all over the country for its brilliant artistic charm, and was successfully selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.

Jiaozhou yangko is one of the three largest yangko in Shandong, and its dance, music and sitcom are unique among the national yangko groups. However, when Jiaozhou Yangko originated is still inconclusive.

[Edit this paragraph] According to the records of Qingdao cultural origin, the birthplace of Jiaozhou Yangko is Xiaotun in the east of Madian, which is the product of Journey to the West. It was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The author once objected to the contributor of this record. Later, the author told me that when collecting information for the compilation of Jiaozhou Cultural Records, I found that there were 12 poems written by Song Jiunian (1859). This paper gives a comprehensive description of six performers of Jiaozhou Yangko. Later, Jiaozhou Cultural Records revised the formation date of Jiaozhou Yangko to Xianfeng three years (1853), and its exact date should be between 1854~ 1858. The author grew up in the hometown of yangko on the Dagu River in Jiaozhou, and my love for yangko prompted me to make detailed textual research and research on the origin, development, form and content of Jiaozhou yangko in recent 20 years, and put forward the following suggestions for discussion.

1. There are no other examples of the poetic era of Song's Twelve Poems. Second, according to the Qianlong edition of "The History of Jiaozhou", "Shangyuan, Chen Zaju, Noisy Night".

The chronicle of this book was written in 1752. According to various data, there was no drama in Jiaozhou before 1752. "Zaju" in the chronicle should refer to Jiaozhou Yangko Opera.

Third, the Cultural Records of jiaozhou city contains Dong Xiaotun's surname Ma and Zhao, who once abandoned his family and traveled to the east. On the way to escape from the desert, from begging to singing, to singing and dancing, they gradually formed some simple dance programs and minor tunes with JIAOZHOU local color. After they returned to their hometown, they were handed down from generation to generation, refined and processed, and gradually became a fixed dance yangko in the middle of Qing Dynasty. "This statement ignores the origin of the key issue" yangko ".

Yangge originated from agricultural labor and is a labor tune sung by working people in the south. Jiaozhou has Nanyangko because Jiaozhou was the largest port in the north during the Tang and Song Dynasties.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, as the only wharf with a shipping company in the north, it had close ties with Jiangnan. With the business exchange with the south, the culture and art of the south, such as yangko and other labor songs, have also spread to the north.

Jiaozhou Yangko should be a new art form formed by introducing Jiangnan local tunes and absorbing the essence of northern zaju. Jiaozhou Yangko is a kind of drama in terms of artistic form and category, not just dancing and singing.

It has scripts, props, qupai, actors and professions, and it is a vivid musical. Such a local opera with various forms and rich cultural connotations cannot be formed in a remote village with less than 100 households, but should be produced around Jiaozhou marine culture.

From its artistic factors such as qupai, business and so on. The formation of Jiaozhou Yangko has gone through a long process, which is related to the zaju and Qupai singing since the Southern Song Dynasty. According to the factors such as qupai, role, performance form and regional cultural characteristics, the author concludes that Jiaozhou Yangko is closely related to Yuan Zaju, and its origin should be at least in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. An important evidence that Jiaozhou Yangko is related to zaju is the performance form of Jiaozhou Yangko.

Jiaozhou Yangko is a form of performance that can be seen continuously in the square (street). The actor who performs in front of the audience is called Zhou. According to textual research, this form of performance originated from early drama.

Gu wrote Yuan and Ming Zaju: "In recent years, there are more than a dozen sites of Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan stage found in the border areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan. The earliest one is called' Dance Pavilion', which is a pavilion built on the terrace and can be watched by audiences from all directions. "

This shows that the predecessor of China's drama developed from the performing arts in the folk square. Jiaozhou Yangko has maintained the form of square art (street art) until the early liberation. Later, while drawing lessons from its performing art form, literary and art workers deleted the performance part with complete content from the drama part, so the most representative part was forgotten, and the only thing that could glimpse its ancient form was the dance part before the performance.

The second important evidence about Jiaozhou Yangko and Zaju is role trading. The roles of actors in Yuan Zaju can be divided into four categories: Duan, Dan, Jing (including ugliness) and Zaju, with Duan and Dan as the main colors, and each category is divided into many details (Gu Yuan Zaju).

Actors in Jiaozhou Yangko Opera also have roles (trades). Their roles are: (Hua Dan), Fan (Hua Dan and Tsing Yi), (Tsing Yi and), gavel (the last one, now a junior and martial artist), drum (old ugly) and plasterer (miscellaneous). The actor role of Yuan Zaju is strikingly similar to that of Jiaozhou Yangko, and it also conforms to the characteristics of that era. This is not a coincidence, but a direct message of that era.

Wang Guowei has a general explanation in Yu Lun: "Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, China's dramas have combined hundreds of operas. In the Tang Dynasty, it was divided into musical and burlesque. In the Song Dynasty, burlesque flourished, and songs and dances were gradually used to decorate the story, so there was singing and dancing, but no.

Jiaozhou city revolutionary historical event JIAOZHOU event.

Also known as "the culprit of boxing bandits." Written in Xu Ruo in the early years of the Republic of China.

The author of a book lived in Jiaozhou in his early years, and this book was written according to what he saw and heard.

This paper describes in detail the occurrence of "Cao Zhou religious case" (also known as "Juye religious case") in the 23rd year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, the concrete process of German imperialism forcibly sending troops to occupy Jiaozhou Bay and the subsequent atrocities of the German army, and points out that "... the looting of Jiaozhou is an unprecedented disaster since the founding of the People's Republic of China for 5,000 years, which is the starting point of the danger of our country's extinction"; Other countries have followed suit. "Our parents and children blame Jiaozhou, and they all hate the Germans' choice", showing strong patriotism. In addition, this book also involves the activities of the Boxer Rebellion.

It has certain reference value for studying the reasons for the rise of "Cao Zhou Religious Plan", Dezhan Jiaoao and the Boxer Rebellion in Shandong. Income from the Institute of Modern History of China Academy of Social Sciences, Special Issue of Modern History Information and Historical Materials of the Boxer Movement (published by China Social Sciences Press).

Introduction to Jiaozhou Yangko Jiaozhou Yangko, also known as Diyangko and Runyangko, is one of the Han folk dances in Shandong Province and belongs to one of the three major yangko dances. Jiaozhou Yangko has a history of more than 230 years. In Qing Dynasty, Zhao and Ma Yu 1764 from Baoyantun, Jiaozhou fled to Guandong, begging and singing along the way, and gradually formed a form of singing and dancing. After returning to my hometown, after years of improvement, 1863 began to take shape. Dance, singing and accompaniment all have certain forms.

The historical development of Yangko originated from ancient agricultural labor. The working people of the Han nationality work hard to transplant rice seedlings and cultivate fields, beating gongs and drums for entertainment. In fact, as early as the Song Dynasty, there was a record of singing yangko during farming. Later, people continued to enrich and develop, and the form of farmers' self-entertainment after work-song and dance-was collectively called yangko. There are roughly three kinds of yangko in a broad sense today:

Singing and dancing. In a narrow sense, yangko only refers to yangko. Since then, yangko has developed into a kind of song and dance, but due to the differences in geographical environment and people's feelings, it shows different styles and characteristics. For example, northern Shaanxi Yangko is rough and clear, free and unrestrained, northeastern Yangko is lively and humorous, and Shandong Yangko is bold and unconstrained.

Nowadays, Yangko not only retains the traditional yangko dance, stilts, waist drum, Hua Gun and dry boat, but also adds modern dance, ski dance, fan dance and lantern dance. The music of yangko has developed from traditional folk music, such as suona, gong, drum and cymbal, to electronic music and various high-tech musical instruments. The melody of music is not only the original yangko melody, but also folk music ensemble and rock music.

When will Jiaozhou Yangko Festival 20 12 be held? Hello! The 3rd China Yangko Festival will be grandly opened in our city in early May. The theme of this Yangko Festival is "Longteng Shengshi Dance Yangko", and the activity time will be extended from 3 days in the previous two sessions to 1 month. During this period, ten major activities will be held, including large-scale theme party, national intangible cultural heritage production exhibition, national fine yangko exhibition, and national fitness yangko competition for middle-aged and elderly people.

Among them, a large-scale theme party will be held in Sanlihe Park in Jiaozhou on May 25th. At that time, the famous singer TanJing will be invited to sing the theme song of China Yangko Festival, and several national representative Yangko teams will perform on stage. The National Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition will be held in China Yangko City, Shaohai, Jiaozhou. More than 20 folk artists, including Tianjin clay figurine Zhang Chuanren, Beijing inner painting pot artist, Suzhou embroidery artist, Zhejiang pyrography artist and Jingdezhen Gongsun kiln inheritor, will perform their stunts at the scene. A group of excellent national intangible cultural heritage yangko teams and excellent yangko teams in our city will be invited to make a concentrated appearance at the national fine yangko exhibition. The national fitness Yangko competition for middle-aged and elderly people will attract teams from 30 provinces and cities across the country to participate in the competition and participate in large-scale street demonstrations. In addition, China Yangko Photography Exhibition, National Famous Painters Invitational Exhibition, Food Culture Week, Awards Ceremony and other activities will be held.

In order to further explore the profound cultural heritage of Jiaozhou Yangko, expand its influence and enrich the connotation of the second China Yangko Festival, Yangko and I decided to hold a prize-winning essay-writing activity of "Yinghai Cup Me and Jiaozhou Yangko".

The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows. 1. Organizers: Municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department, Municipal Civilization Office, News Center, Education and Sports Bureau, Culture Bureau, Yinghai Sub-district Office. 2. The essay writing time is from now until May 3 1 20 10. 3. The essay requirements closely focus on the positive theme of Jiaozhou Yangko, highlight the rapid economic and social development of Jiaozhou, and show the profound cultural heritage of Jiaozhou and the good spiritual outlook of the citizens. There are no restrictions on genres and words.

Four. Incentives This article will award the first, second and third prizes. Among them, 500 yuan won the first prize, 300 yuan won the second prize, 200 yuan won the third prize, and several commemorative prizes were awarded.

Entries should be sent to the e-mail box (jzxcb8070@sina), indicating the author's name, gender, age, unit, mailing address, telephone number and postal code for contact. Please send a paper copy to Room 449, the office building of the municipal government at Beijing Road 1.

Contact: Zhang Lianye Tel: 82288 160.