Introduction of Papaya Begonia (Introduction of Papaya Begonia Varieties)

Now the papaya in the fruit market is not papaya in the traditional sense, but papaya, a herbal plant introduced from abroad. Traditional papaya is a famous ornamental tree species, which is often used as a bonsai for garden cultivation or family viewing.

Papaya bonsai has beautiful plant shape, gorgeous flowers and huge fruits. Spring is visible, autumn is fruitful, and winter is tangible. Therefore, papaya bonsai was listed as one of the "eighteen bachelors" in bonsai by the ancients and has always been favored by flower friends.

Papaya bonsai is a general term, including five species of papaya plants in Rosaceae (naked papaya, wrinkled papaya, hairy papaya, Japanese papaya and Tibetan papaya), among which naked papaya is also called papaya. Chaenomeles sinensis, also known as Malus longipedunculata, is one of the four ornamental Malus species.

Papaya glabra

Chaenomeles pubescens

Chaenomeles rugosa

Among papaya bonsai, papaya with smooth skin, papaya with wrinkled skin and papaya with hairy leaves are common varieties in China. The main differences are as follows:

1, Chaenomeles rugosa is a deciduous shrub or small tree, Chaenomeles glabra is a deciduous tree, Chaenomeles pubescens is a deciduous shrub or small tree, and the plant types are Chaenomeles rugosa, Chaenomeles pubescens and Chaenomeles glabra from small to large.

2. The leaves of Chaenomeles sinensis and Chaenomeles sinensis have thorns, while the leaves of Chaenomeles sinensis have the same serrations as them, but there are no thorns; Chaenomeles sinensis leaves are densely covered with brown fluff under the tender leaves, and then fall off almost hairless, so it is called Chaenomeles sinensis.

3. When flowering, the pedicel of wrinkled papaya is very short, just like sticking to a branch, so it is called Begonia. The other two species have thick and short pedicels.

4. Different fruits, papaya with smooth skin is the largest, reaching 10- 15cm, papaya with hairy leaves is 8- 12cm, and papaya with wrinkled skin is 4-6 cm; The wrinkled papaya will be miniature when it matures, so it is called wrinkled papaya, and the skin of smooth skin and hairy papaya is smooth.

Japanese papaya

The other two kinds of Japanese papaya and Tibetan papaya belong to dwarf shrubs. The fruit of Tibetan papaya is larger, while the fruit of Japanese papaya is smaller, commonly known as Japanese papaya (Japanese begonia), which has a strong trend in recent years.

Koons

Among papaya bonsai, wrinkled papaya (begonia) is often named after begonia as an ornamental flower bonsai. However, due to the tall trees, swaying branches and leaves, and lush flowers, they are mostly used as ornamental trees in parks and courtyards to make bonsai, which is mainly used to observe fruits and shapes. So the papaya bonsai in the general sense refers to the bare papaya bonsai.

Papaya nudiflora is mainly distributed in southwestern Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other provinces, and is rich in wild resources. Most of the materials for making bonsai come from field excavation, and some of them are cultivated by other farming methods.

Papaya belongs to deciduous trees or shrubs. Its plant type is relatively tall, the trunk is tall and straight, the flowers are bright, the fruit is rich, the leaves are dark green, and the branches are stiff after falling leaves in winter, which is quite masculine. Generally, it is suitable for making large and medium-sized bonsai such as direct-drying, oblique-drying and double-drying, and can also be used as rootstock for grafting cultivation of begonia bonsai.

Bonsai materials are fine and large materials mainly come from fields. Miniature bonsai adopts a variety of seedling raising methods and is shaped in a flat way from an early age. Pay attention to the protection of wild resources in field excavation, do not destroy vegetation at will, and backfill after excavation. It is usually carried out in spring and autumn.

Papaya in cultivated soil has strong adaptability, not strict requirements on soil, and grows well in loose and fertile sandy soil with convenient drainage. Therefore, the mixed sandy soil of humus can be used as the substrate for papaya cultivation, and plain sandy soil can be used as "embryo culture" in the early stage of accumulation mountain. After survival, it can be potted, mixed humus, slag and sandy soil can be used as the substrate, and bone meal and cake residue can be properly mixed as the base fertilizer.

Light temperature papaya likes warm, humid and sunny environment, and is not tolerant of shade. The optimum growth temperature is 26℃ to 32℃. Therefore, papaya bonsai should be maintained in sunny places and managed indoors in winter. The temperature should not be lower than 5℃, and it should not be too high to affect the normal dormancy of papaya, thus affecting the flowering and fruiting of the next year.

Watering principle papaya can resist drought and waterlogging and avoid water accumulation. The principle of watering is "water thoroughly if you don't do it", and it is advisable to dry the soil. In winter, when leaves fall and the temperature drops, we should pay more attention to watering less to avoid the root rot and death of papaya due to excessive humidity.

Fertilization Papaya likes to fertilize. In addition to base fertilizer, topdressing is also needed during the growth period. Generally, fertilizer is applied once every 10 day, and cake fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate thin fertilizer is often applied. Stop fertilizing in winter.

Pruning plastic papaya bonsai is mainly for fruit and shape observation, and it needs to be pruned according to the ornamental effect. Generally, there are only 3-5 pawpaw left in a bonsai, and the remaining fruits should be picked in time to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients, so as to promote the expansion of left pawpaw and increase its ornamental value. In the growing season, you should always pick the top to avoid excessive growth of branches and leaves. According to the modeling design, cut off useless branches, diseased branches and internal branches appropriately. , generally cut after defoliation.

Pests and Diseases Control There are many pests and diseases of papaya, and the common one is ring rot. Anthracnose, gray mold, rust, etc. It can be sprayed with sulfur mixture in winter. At the end of April, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution/Kloc-0 times solution was sprayed, and at the end of May and the beginning of June, 75% carbendazim was sprayed more than twice. Most pests are aphids. Starscream, etc. , can spray a variety of pesticides.

The above is about the appreciation and cultivation experience of papaya bonsai. If there are any shortcomings, please criticize and correct them. Thank you!