The junior high school text "Ai Lian Shuo" talks about the lesson draft and the lesson review draft?

Lecture notes on "Ai Lian Shuo"

1. Analysis of teaching materials

1. The main content of the teaching materials and their status and role in the entire teaching material system

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"Ai Lian Shuo" is a famous ancient prose piece, and it is arranged at the end of the unit. It is an important part of consolidating the knowledge learned earlier, and is also the key for teachers to implement "from teaching to not teaching".

"The Theory of Loving the Lotus" is a famous essay written by Zhou Dunyi, a philosopher in the Song Dynasty. He compared himself with the noble character "Lian", and euphemistically criticized those who followed the trend and pursued the trend at that time. The precious worldly customs show that one does not go along with the world and still has reference significance to this day.

2. Regarding the difficulties and key points of the teaching material: The focus of "Ai Lian Shuo" is "love", and the difficulty is the "cause" of Ai Lian. "The Theory of Loving the Lotus" describes the "lotus" as real, and the description of "love" as imaginary. It uses reality to support things and uses imaginary to express aspirations. The reason for loving lotus naturally becomes the difficulty of this article. The teaching focus is determined to be: guiding students to read the poem familiarly, understand the writing method of expressing one's ambitions, and distinguish the similarities between lotus and gentleman. The teaching difficulties are: understanding the use of "chrysanthemum" and "peony" in contrasting and contrasting roles.

2. Objective analysis

(1) Teaching objectives: According to the requirements of the new curriculum standards, combined with the actual situation of students and the characteristics of this article, I have determined the teaching objectives as follows

[1] Knowledge goal: be able to recite the text and understand the meaning of classical Chinese words.

〔2〕. Ability goal: enable students to understand the characteristics of the writing technique of expressing one's ambitions by grasping the characteristic objects and finally expressing one's aspirations

〔3〕. Emotional goal: cultivate Students yearn for beautiful ideals, pursue noble sentiments, and admire upright personalities.

(2) Learning situation analysis: This article is highly readable. It is necessary to fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning, regard recitation as the most important part of teaching this course, and guide students to consciously cultivate in the process of recitation. and effectively master the three methods of reciting classical Chinese texts: the first is the "reading method of explaining the meaning of the text", which aims to initially understand the article and understand the meaning of the words, sentences and paragraphs in the article. It requires smooth reading, correct pronunciation, and no broken reading. sentence; the second one is "Who cares about the reading method of liberal arts?", which aims to read the logical pauses and logical stresses between words, sentences, and paragraphs, and appropriately express the connection and level of the context. It requires smooth reading, tone, stress, and pauses. and the speed is appropriate; the third is "the reading method of savoring the artistic conception", which aims to read out the meaning and interest of the article. It requires sonorous and pleasant reading, cadence, and both voice and emotion. ) Judging from the teaching objects, their rational analysis ability is weak, but their perceptual understanding and imitation ability are strong. Therefore, in teaching, we should pay attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, from shallow to deep, "high perspective, low starting point", and using various means to stimulate students' interest in learning. For eighth-grade students, because there is a lot of classical Chinese knowledge that the original students have not learned, when setting goals, they must not only implement the words, but also master the writing method and the center of the article, and understand what the ancients pursued? The style of a gentleman. For eighth graders, more attention should be paid to the systematic nature of knowledge, especially the integration of knowledge points.

(3) Teaching and Learning

1. Analysis on teaching methods: According to the requirements of quality education and starting from the academic situation, the teaching ideas of this course are as follows: breaking through the traditional classical Chinese teaching The teacher lectures word by word and sentence by sentence, paying attention to cultivating students' learning ability, using multimedia means to break through key and difficult points, stimulating students' learning initiative, and implementing the policy of "Learning the Essay". The following teaching methods are adopted:

In view of the characteristics of the teaching materials and the requirements of the teaching objectives, I choose the teaching method and the discussion and induction method to teach. According to the cognitive characteristics of junior high school students, projection and wall charts are used in teaching. Counseling methods should be used to make the teaching process as vivid as possible and explain the profound things in simple terms. Multimedia tutorials and scenario-based teaching methods. Make full use of multimedia means to enhance perceptual understanding and grasp the key points of teaching. The teaching method uses the contrast of color blocks in art to turn difficulties into easy ones and differentiate learning difficulties.

2. Guidance on study methods

In teaching activities, guide students to draw rich writing nutrition from fine works and improve their literary appreciation ability and writing level.

(1) A preview method that uses formative exercises to guide marking, annotation, and sketching. (2) Communicative interaction, learning method of chanting in class.

(3) Design and collage lotus pictures, a learning method to cultivate manual and mental abilities.

3. Teaching program design (seven links)

(1) Introduce new lessons and stimulate interest. (Music is "Song of the Seven Sons", the computer screen displays the patterns of the Macao regional flag and regional emblem) First look at the two pictures. Who knows which region of our country these are the symbols of? To Macao. On December 20, 1999, the Chinese government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macau. This is the regional flag and regional emblem of Macao after the handover. Who can tell me, what is the main pattern of the regional flag and regional emblem? (Lotus) How many kinds of lotus are there? (Three budding white lotuses) Yes, the pattern of the Macao regional flag and regional emblem is based on lotus. For the Lord, the lotus flower is deeply loved by the people of Macao.

(The above induces step by step, deepens step by step, attracts students' attention, points out the learning content, integrates morality into teaching, and completes the teaching purpose.)

In fact, not only today's people, As early as more than 900 years ago, a philosopher wrote a famous article praising the lotus that has been passed down through the ages. That is the article "Love of the Lotus" written by Zhou Dunyi of the Song Dynasty that we are going to study today. (Blackboard writing topic)

There are many colorful flowers in the world, and the lotus does not seem to have anything particularly outstanding, but Mr. Zhou Dunyi likes it. Why? Turn over the text, listen to the reading, and find out the reason. The first step in implementing the reading method in this teaching process is the reading method of explaining the meaning of the text.

(The above uses multimedia means to mobilize students' perceptual abilities in all aspects, create a good classroom atmosphere, exercise observation and speaking skills, and directly start from the reasons for Ailian to set up doubts to attract students to actively seek knowledge.)

(2)) Read the text, students learn independently and cooperatively. (Teachers let students understand the content of independent learning. Teachers and students work together and complete the tasks that cannot be completed in the independent learning stage.)

Learning content: ①What Yes? Say? ②About the author’s situation. ③Look at the text notes and draw the sentences that you cannot understand. (This teaching session takes 6 minutes. For eighth-grade students, you can completely let it go. This not only avoids the repetition of students’ listening, but also mobilizes students’ enthusiasm for thinking. At the same time, it also cultivates students’ enthusiasm for thinking about problems on their own, so that students can be different from each other. Students of all levels can actively acquire knowledge. )

(3) Discussion and analysis of key paragraphs

1. Find out the sentence about the reason for loving the lotus and underline it with a pen. Which characteristics of the lotus do the divided parts describe?

2. Clear the meaning of the text and translate the divided parts coherently in vernacular.

3. What is the author’s purpose in writing about his love for lotus? Find a sentence from the article that highly summarizes the quality of lotus.

4. Explain the meaning according to the text notes. Think about how this kind of "gentleman" should be written?

5. Is there any similarity between the character of a gentleman and the quality of a lotus flower? What kind of writing method should be used?

(The above questions guide students to discuss and gradually understand the key point of learning in this article: the writing method of expressing ambition through objects), that is, using the shape of lotus to describe the ambition of a gentleman. At the same time, in order to cultivate students' hands-on ability. I designed a "Picture of a Gentleman", Write the seven aspects of a gentleman's character on the seven petals, and then ask students to imitate and make a picture of a lotus, and fill in the seven characteristics of the lotus on the corresponding petals. This can complete the understanding of the expression technique of "expressing one's ambition through things" , and stimulated their interest in continuing to study this text. In this teaching process, the second step of the reading method is to "investigate the reading method of literature and science", to promote reading through comprehension, and to deepen understanding through reading)

< p> (4) Learn the expression techniques of contrast and contrast

Let students analyze the reasons why Tao Yuanming loved lotus and the world's love of peony, clarify the author's different attitudes towards chrysanthemums and peonies, and compare them with the author's love for lotus , experience the foiling effect.

(Projection can show the comparison of two groups of color blocks in art: Group A? Contrast of white and gray blocks, Group B? Contrast of white and black blocks. Ask students: White appears brighter in the two groups of color blocks. , whiter? The students’ answers were consistent: Group B. I pointed out at this time: the brightness of the two groups of white is the same, but the gray and white are closer, and the contrast between black and white is sharp. Therefore, it can be There are two types of foil: positive foil and reverse foil. In this way, difficult tasks can be made easy through intuitive teaching, and difficult teaching tasks can be completed.

(5) Analyze the discussion at the end and guide reading.

1. Analysis? I would say chrysanthemum is the hermit flower; peony is the precious flower; lotus is the gentleman flower. ?Three sentences, discussing rhetorical techniques and emphasizing the intention and purpose of using flowers as metaphors for people.

2. What is the expressive effect of using interjections to lead and write flowers in different sentence patterns? Guide students to analyze declarative sentences (? Love of chrysanthemums, rarely heard of after Tao?) and rhetorical questions (? Love of lotus) , who is sharing it?), the emotion expressed in the exclamation sentence (? The love of peony is suitable for everyone?) and the tone of reading.

(An important requirement for classical Chinese teaching is to read more and recite more. The purpose of the above teaching program is to allow students to further grasp the content of the text and complete the teaching purpose 2: read it well and recite it, understand it by heart, and make it easy to speak. If it comes from my mouth, you can obtain solid and rich perceptual knowledge. In this teaching process, the third step of the recitation method is to "read the artistic conception",)

(6) Summary. The stylistic characteristics of "Speech" guide the recitation of the full text. This article comprehensively uses a variety of expressions. The style of ancient "narratives" is similar to modern prose, and the style of writing is the word "love". Achieved through various forms of reading aloud. For example, boys and girls read aloud in sections, read aloud freely, teachers ask questions, and students answer with original sentences in the book, etc.

(This teaching session takes 5 minutes. The purpose is to recite the text by asking questions and at the same time lay the foundation for understandable dictation. Students at different levels should master it.)

(7) Assign homework. Assignment: From the current point of view, are the author's ideas outdated?

(This teaching link takes 2 minutes. From the design of the course, it can reflect the combination of "instrumental" and "humanistic" aspects of Chinese language; In the classroom, it can

reflect "students as the main body and teachers as the leader": in terms of learning methods, focus on students' autonomy, cooperation and inquiry as the mainstay, supplemented by teacher's guidance; from the teaching method It seems that it can combine the traditional reading method with modern multimedia technology; from the design of the questions, from the reflection of the gradient)

Attached is the blackboard design:

Ailian said Zhou Dunyi.

Coming out of the mud but not stained? Noble and clean

Cleaning the ripples without being evil? Simple

Straight from the inside to the outside, not spreading or branching? Upright

The fragrance is far away and the fragrance is clear---?-Fragrant

The pavilion and the pure plants can be seen from a distance but not played with? - Qinggao

Holding objects to express one's aspirations

(Lian) (not seeking fame and wealth, but keeping oneself in mind)

Effect analysis: By reading aloud, they can quickly discover the unique features of the short article, and then get the pleasure of reading and stimulate the joy of learning. Teachers should start from this point and cultivate students' interest in classical Chinese. As for the questions about the text, students may not think of them at first. The articles selected for textbooks are all model articles. How dare you doubt it? The teacher can enlighten you that the author's era was nearly a thousand years ago. Is it possible that up to now, everyone's ideas have not changed and are still completely the same as the author's? The same point of view? These few sentences aroused dissatisfaction among the students, so someone immediately refuted: Tao Yuanming opposed the pursuit of wealth. I think it is wrong. What is wrong with pursuing wealth? Should we pursue poverty? In terms of the structure of the article, some students Proposal: The author wrote about three kinds of flowers three times. The first two times the order was "chrysanthemum", "peony", "lotus", but the third time, it became "chrysanthemum", "lotus", "peony". Therefore, who should be given the love of the lotus? It should be moved to the end of the article.

Not only have I learned and mastered the knowledge that the teacher should teach, but more importantly, in the learning process, I can really use my own mind to think, discover problems, and decide to absorb or discard. This class also made me realize that only when teachers serve students can a fundamental change in teaching thinking occur. The adoption of this method not only improved students' performance, but also gave full play to students' subjective initiative and achieved good results. "The Love of the Lotus" Lesson Commentary

"The Love of the Lotus" is selected from the first volume of the new textbook for eighth grade. This article uses flowers as metaphors for people and objects to express aspirations. Cleverly linking the living environment and special characteristics of the lotus with the noble moral character of the gentleman, the painting praises the lotus and expresses the author's attitude towards life that is not seeking fame and wealth, but also expresses the author's disdain for the evil worldly trends of pursuing fame and fortune and following the trend of others. .

After listening to Teacher Meng’s lesson "The Theory of Love Lotus", I remembered this sentence: No matter how much the teacher talks, it still belongs to the teacher; no matter how little the student learns, it still belongs to the student. ?Teacher Meng implemented a valuable teaching concept in this class: cultivating students’ innovative reading habits.

This kind of teaching requires students to have their own emotional experience during the reading process, initially comprehend the connotation of the work, and obtain useful inspiration for nature, society, and life. Be able to make your own evaluation of the ideological and emotional tendencies of the work in relation to the cultural background; be able to express your own experience of the touching situations and images in the work; appreciate the expressive language in the work. ?During the entire teaching process, Teacher Meng focuses on handling the following three relationships:

First, the relationship between students and teachers. Students are the masters of learning, and teachers are the guides and organizers of learning activities. This is the repositioning of the teacher-student relationship by the new curriculum standards and new concepts. The new Chinese curriculum standards also clearly point out: Reading is a student’s personalized behavior. Teacher analysis should not be used as a substitute for students' reading practice. ?Therefore, one of the main threads that Teacher Meng runs through in the classroom is to let students read and taste. Teacher Meng not only gives students the initiative in reading, but also actively plays a role in helping students. The pictures about lotus prepared before class provide students with more reading experience.

Teacher Meng arranged the reading in five stages:

The first stage: the teacher reads aloud and grasps the whole.

The second stage: play the recording and students read along.

The third stage: students read together, and then solve the words, words and sentences.

Teacher Meng uses students’ questioning to allow students to read out new feelings, new experiences and personalized understandings. In the process of reading, we should not only teach students the necessary reading methods and solve the difficulties students encounter in reading, but also cherish students' unique feelings, experiences and understandings. In this way, teachers are not the mouthpiece of the author, nor are they the master from above. The reader is the student's reading partner and a slightly more capable member of the reading group. At this stage, Teacher Meng boldly put forward different opinions on the pronunciation of the word "man" in the text recording. This spirit of daring to say "no" is worth learning and learning from.

The third stage: reading, exploring and evaluating correctly. There are several ways: personal thinking, group discussion, teacher-student cooperation, teacher guidance, etc. The teacher designed several key questions:

(1. Translate the sentence. 2. What other sentences express Lian Gaojie? 3. Find the sentences in the text that summarize Lian Gaojie.) Let students explore and to evaluate.

The fourth stage: read the text together and discuss in groups to clear up doubts.

At this stage, students raised several representative questions.

1. Who is the author? Loves the lotus alone?

2. Why is the order changed at the end, and ends with the love of peonies?

Teacher Meng tries his best to let the students Solve it yourself, and the teacher will provide appropriate guidance.

The fifth stage: learn how to write to express one's ambitions, read the text again, talk about the harvest, and finish reading together.

Second, the relationship between teachers, students and the author. Reading is a kind of creative labor. If readers just chew the food from the author's mouth, wouldn't it be boring? As long as it is personalized reading, readers will always read new information. Many good works are not written by the author, but by the author. It is the result of the joint labor of the author and the reader. Therefore, neither teachers nor students should regard pandering as respect, nor should they give the initiative of reading to the author. Note: Whoever holds the book is the owner of the book. Therefore, I think that Teacher Meng asks students to read more texts, which in itself is a kind of personalized reading and creative labor.

Third, the relationship between reading and life. Literature is a reflection of life, and reading is an integral part of life. The relationship between reading and life is very close, so we should establish the concept of reading for life, not only to care about the lives of others, but also to pay attention to our own lives; To recognize and understand today's exams, we must also criticize and innovate for tomorrow's development. Teacher Meng asking students to write their reflections after reading is an effective way to connect the relationship between reading and life.

Of course, to give a good class, the teacher’s passion is very important. This class would be more valuable if there was more passion.