Ask an ancient poem about planting trees.

The shock is over, the vernal equinox is approaching, the weather is sunny and the rain is abundant. Tomorrow is the annual Arbor Day. It is a good thing to plant trees and flowers in beautiful spring, which is a good thing to green the environment, beautify life, make contributions to the present and benefit the future. Today, let's talk about an exclusive topic in Ancient Poetry Today-ancient poets chanting "planting trees".

Many ancient poets in China not only wrote many poems to praise their favorite flowers and trees, but also planted flowers and trees themselves, which was praised as many stories.

Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, had an indissoluble bond with planting trees. He likes willows very much. He not only planted willows in rural Shui Ze, but also planted five willows in front of his house. Yiran calls himself "Mr. Wuliu", which naturally means "lingering under the window, gathering willows in front of the hall" and "Xia Meng has long vegetation and trees around the house".

Bai Juyi can be called "it is not easy to live in a big place." He has been a local official for many times and has to plant flowers and trees everywhere. In his poems, you can often see some poems about tree planting: "Plant two pine trees with your own hands and talk about them as guests", "Plant a bare laurel tree and you will see a forest sooner or later". After he was transferred to Zhongzhou Secretariat, he wrote a poem "Planting Flowers in Dongpo", which recorded his extensive planting of flowers and trees in Dongpo of the city: "Buy flowers with silver, not limited to peaches and plums. A hundred fruits and ginseng are mixed, and a thousand branches open first. " "Take the boy servant every day, hoe the willow in the lotus, dig the soil to nourish its roots, and draw water from the spring to irrigate its withered." Not only did he work hard by himself, but when he was transferred back to North Korea, he also earnestly hoped that "it would be better to be a nymphomaniac upstairs next year."

Bai Juyi's Planting Trees on Dongpo has a far-reaching influence on later generations. It is said that Su Shi, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, called himself "Dongpo", in fact, he imitated Lotte. When he served as the secretariat of Hangzhou, he built the West Lake and planted willows on the lake embankment, leaving a humanistic landscape of "Su Causeway Chunxiao" for future generations. However, according to Lu Ciyun's Hu Ru Miscellanies, "Su Causeway weeping willows and the west bank of Lihu Lake were all cut down after the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, in the late Ming Dynasty, Chen Hongshou wrote a poem entitled "The Willow-weeping Map of the West Lake": "The willow on the outer six bridges is exhausted, and the trees on the inner six bridges are also scarce. The real lakes and mountains are only seen today, and the previous ones are rather vague. "After the Ming Dynasty, the author worked as a monk for more than a year, named Laochi. The poet's mood is sad, showing his infinite attachment to the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. When Su Shi was demoted to Yixing, Jiangsu Province, he also planted a begonia with his own hands. There is a poem praising "The east wind blows, the sun shines high, the fragrance is misty, and the moon turns to the corridor." "I am afraid that the flowers will fall asleep in the middle of the night, and the high fever silver candle will shine red makeup."

Chao, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was also a willow lover. In his later years, he was exiled to Jinxiang, Jeju. He "bought ponds and planted willows, vaguely Huai' an Jiangpu. "Liu Zongyuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is even more strange. His surname is Liu. I did not forget to plant willow when I was demoted to Liuzhou: "Liuzhou willow secretariat, planting willow riverside". However, he also has another love: "I planted 200 oranges myself, and new leaves are everywhere in spring." "

However, Du Fu, a poet sage in Tang Dynasty, loves to plant peach trees. In the second year after entering Shu, he built a thatched cottage beside Huanhuaxi in Chengdu. Before the thatched cottage was built, it was "begging for a hundred peach blossoms and sending Huanhua Village in spring". When Wang Anshi, a famous poet in the Song Dynasty, was in Jiangning, there was Yang Defeng, a neighbor of No.1 "Mr. Hu Yin". Yang's yard is lush with flowers and trees, elegant and neat. Wang Anshi happily wrote a poem praising: "Mao's eaves are long and clean without moss, and flowers and trees are planted by hand." One water protects the field and two mountains send green. "

The tree planting method created by Shi Yannian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, is quite novel and praised by later generations. When the stone man passed the sentence in Haizhou, he saw that "there were no flowers to decorate the place" and that "the mountain was high and the road was blocked", so he asked someone to wrap the peach pit in yellow mud and pat it up the mountain. Two or three years later, it turned out to be "flowers everywhere, rotten as splendid" A few decades later, Su Dongpo visited the mountain, and when he heard about it, he sighed and wrote a poem praising: "In the play, the peach stones are wrapped in yellow mud, and the stones are scattered like wind and rain. Sitting makes the empty mountain beautiful and there are countless flowers in the sky. "

Shen Zhou, also known as "Ming Sijia" with Tang Yin, Wen Zhiming and Chou Ying, is good at painting landscapes, especially planting chrysanthemums. He has a poem entitled "Chrysanthemum": "I love growing chrysanthemums, so I want to be ambitious. Autumn wind blows all over the house, and there is gold in poverty. " The "ambition" in the poem refers to the interest in nature and the mind that is not bound by officialdom. Zheng Banqiao, a Qing Dynasty man, likes to plant bamboo and draw bamboo. One of his couplets expresses this idea: "Stick to one or two books and be a teacher for life;": Planted into five or seven bamboo poles, full of children and grandchildren. "At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Zuo led the troops to guard Xinjiang and planted willows along the way, which was called Zuo. Yang Changjun, his aide, wrote a poem in praise: "The general has not yet returned from the Western Expedition, and Huxiang disciples are all over the Tianshan Mountains. The newly planted willow is 3,000 miles long and attracts the spring breeze. "Gao Qi, a poet of the Ming Dynasty, loves to enjoy plum blossoms. When he visited the scenic spot of enjoying plum blossoms in Dengwei Mountain, he saw Shili Meilin and Leng Yan, where the plum blossoms were beautiful and delicate, and visitors could not leave. Therefore, the poem uses a song to praise: "There are flowers all over the mountains and I don't know how far away they are. "greed loves to hear the wind, and it is three feet away from spending."

Some upright and patriotic poets not only plant trees and grass by themselves, but also cultivate their temperament, enjoy their mood, beautify their courtyards and clean their rooms. From the perspective of national economy and people's livelihood, the rulers of "poetry admonition" attach importance to afforestation. Meng Jiao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the poem "The Weaver Girl": "The official village road is more demanding to plant mulberry." Liu Kezhuang, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, has a poem: "The West Lake does not plant willows, but leaves silkworms." In order to raise silkworms on a variety of mulberry trees, he ironically advised the court to pay attention to the national economy and people's livelihood and not to sink into mountains and lakes again. According to "Talking about the River", although Yang Di was extravagant, he also used "poem admonition" to plant trees himself. "Willow green hangs low and flowers fly in the sky." Until the Song Dynasty, the poet Zhou Bangyan wrote a poem called Liu, praising this move: "Liu Yin is straight and the smoke is beautiful." . How many times have I seen you waving water and floating cotton on the Sui Dyke to bid farewell? "

Ancient poets expressed great indignation at the rulers' perverse practices of planting flowers and trees and building gardens for pleasure and corruption. Jia Dao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, heard that Pei Du, the prime minister, "broke down thousands of households to make pools", built official residences and planted bamboo flowers, so he wrote a poem angrily: "The autumn wind blows in Bai Yutang, and thorns are full of courts." . Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, should return to Beijing after ten years' demotion, and wrote a poem, which used planting peaches as a metaphor to satirize the dignitaries of the dynasty: "Du Xuan saw thousands of peaches, and Liu Lang stayed late to plant them." The nouveau riche was extremely dissatisfied and demoted him again. 14 years later, Liu Yuxi was recalled to Beijing again. When he went to Xuandu to watch peach blossoms, he wrote a famous poem: "The white acres are half moss, and the peach blossoms are clean." Where does Taoism return? Liu Lang came again today. "This poem made a bitter mockery of the nouveau riche who once gained power and now fell on the stage.