What is the significance of philosophy?

Philosophy (English: philosophy, Greek: Φ ι λ ο σ ο φ? α) is the study of basic and universal problems. According to its etymology, it means that the philosophy of "loving wisdom" is a world view with a strict logical system. It studies the essence of the universe, the general law of the evolution of all things in the universe, the position of human beings in the universe and so on.

Philosophy is meta-knowledge, meta-science, that is, the so-called road to simplicity. The task of philosophy is to grasp the real world at the level of meta-logic, and to combine many into one or distinguish one from many, and one and many are meta-logic. Meta-theory should also be clearly stated and systematically constructed, so that such a meta-theoretical system can be applied to explain the world or guide practice. Philosophy is a meta-theory, while science is a principle, method and fact. The division between meta-theory and principle is not absolute. The practical basis can be: Metatheory is a theory that needs to be kept in mind at the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and principle is a basic theory that can be used in reference books.

The first aspect of expanding data: which is the question of origin: thinking and existence, consciousness and matter. There have always been two fundamentally different answers to this question, thus forming two camps, two basic factions and two opposing routes in philosophy. Anyone who thinks that consciousness is primary and matter is secondary, that is, consciousness precedes the philosophy of matter, belongs to idealism; Anyone who thinks that matter is primary and consciousness is secondary belongs to materialism, that is, a philosophical school in which matter precedes consciousness.

In addition to these two fundamentally opposite answers, there is another answer that matter and consciousness are two independent elements, and the philosophical schools holding this view belong to dualism.

Another aspect of the basic problem of philosophy is the identity of thinking and existence. Most philosophers, including materialist philosophers and some idealist philosophers, have given a positive answer to this question. Materialism and idealism have different solutions to this problem in principle.

Materialism recognizes the objective existence of the material world and its laws, thinks that thinking exists on the basis of reflection, and thinks that the world can be recognized; Idealism regards the objective world as the product of thinking and spirit, and thinks that knowing the world is spiritual self-knowledge.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-philosophy