The significance of sending seals

Seal, writing and power.

Throughout the ages, the seal is a symbol of power and identity; It is the embodiment of responsibility and credit, and it is also the favorite thing for literati to play with.

1. You can put a name stamp on yourself as a representative of your unique personality. Because you, me, him and everyone in the world are unique. Each seal cutting seal is also unique. This is a truly personalized thing. Only the hand-carved seal can be truly unique, but the regular script printed by the machine is different from this? Print? .

2. You can carve a couple seal for yourself and your lover. Match the two seals, and let the seal become the token of your eternal love. When the beads are printed, they will always be romantic. Can the side section (the side of the seal) be engraved? Hold your hand and grow old with your son? Wait, your favorite word.

You can carve a book stamp for yourself. In this way, you can put your mark on every carefully selected book.

4. You can carve a seal for your friends, colleagues, classmates and comrades ... On your birthday, when you leave, when you want to thank someone ... Many times, you want to choose a gift for others. You want the gift to be elegant, refined, meaningful, memorable, valued and liked by the other party. And everyone's most familiar and favorite word is their own name. You give him a medal, he won't dislike it, and he won't be unhappy when he receives it. The profound friendship you want to express is self-evident.

5, you can put what you like and like. You have a song, a sentence, a motto, a motto and so on. You think it will benefit you immensely.

6. You can carve seals for the companies and shops you run. It can reflect the China characteristics of your career and the profound traditional culture of China.

Classification of seals

There are many kinds of seals with a long history. Let's start with the history and types of seals: [1]

Ancient seal in the warring States period

Ancient seal is the general name of pre-Qin seal. Most of the earliest seals we can see now are ancient seals in the Warring States period. The strokes of seals are as thin as hair, and they are all cast. The ancient seal script in white language is made by adding more side bars or vertical grids in the middle, and the characters are cast and chiseled. What are the printed contents of the official seal? Sima? 、? Stuart. In addition to other names, there are all kinds of irregular shapes, and the content is also engraved with auspicious words and vivid objects.

Yin Qin

Qin Zhuan refers to the popular seal from the end of the Warring States Period to the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, and the characters used are called. Look at its calligraphy style and Qin and Han dynasties, Qin stone carvings and other characters are very similar, are more popular than the ancient prose in the Warring States period. Qin seals are mostly carved in white, with the word "Tian" on the surface, mostly square. The official seal used by junior officials is about half the size of a general square official seal and is rectangular. Day? Lattice, scale? Semi-pass printing? . Private seals are generally rectangular, round and oval, with official names, personal names and Kyrgyz. Cheers? 、? Want to succeed? 、? Harmony? Such as proverbs and idioms.

Han Guanyin

Broadly speaking, it is a general term for official seal from Han Dynasty to Wei and Jin Dynasties. Compared with Qin Zhuan, the seal is more neat, straight, square and vigorous in style. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the handicraft industry was very developed, so in the new headstrong era, (? New? The official seal of Wang Mang Dynasty is particularly exquisite and vivid, and seal cutting of Han Dynasty reached its peak, which became a model for later seal engravers to learn. The official seals of the two Han dynasties are mostly white, all of which are cast. Only a few troops are in urgent need of carving the official seal of the brothers instead of casting it, which will be introduced later.

Han siyin

China private seal is a private seal in the Han Dynasty, which is the largest and richest in ancient seals. Not only do they have different shapes, but they are all made of cinnabar and white, or decorated with patterns such as four spirits, and there are also multi-sided printing, overprinter (mother-child printing) and hook printing. In addition to names, printed languages often add Kyrgyz, native place, ideographic characters and? Seal? 、? Private printing? 、? Envelope? And other auxiliary characters, the buttons are extremely diverse, which fully shows the ingenuity of craftsmen in the Han Dynasty. Private printing in the Han Dynasty was still dominated by white, engraving in the Western Han Dynasty and chiseling and casting in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Ordinary printed matter

General seal is also a kind of official seal of China. These seals are often temporary dispatches on the way to March, and they are engraved on the printed surface with a knife, which is also called "urgent printing". Pu Yin's unique style is full of interest and has a great influence on his later artistic style. In the Han dynasty, generals used seals, which are generally called "seals" rather than "seals", which is a major feature of military seals.

Han yuyin

The imperial seal of the Han Dynasty is very precious and rare in ancient seals. "Dai Yu" was also an elegant fashion of famous officials and celebrities in ancient times. Generally, the jade seal is well-made, with rigorous composition and rounded strokes. At first glance, the strokes are straight and upright, but they have no intention of stagnation. Because jade is hard and not easy to be cut by a knife, a special seal cutting technique, the so-called "knife cutting method", has emerged. Because jade is not easy to corrode and damage, it has been passed down from generation to generation, which better preserves its true colors.

Yindu in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

The official seal, private seal and button system in Wei and Jin Dynasties followed the Han Dynasty, but the casting was not as beautiful as that in Han Dynasty. The official seal handed down from generation to generation by brothers is like a knife, and the calligraphy style naturally came into being in Xu Ya-sheng, becoming the representative of seal cutting style in a period. There were not many seals handed down from ancient times in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, but the official seal was slightly larger, and the words were hastily carved, but the official seal was not cast.

Bai Zhu text printing

Zhu's alternate printing style is very ingenious in China and India. It is said that it originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Its ways are extremely diverse, and the position arrangement and word number of Bai Zhu characters can be flexibly changed without restriction. The number of seals cited here can be seen. Bai Zhu's principle is to look at the number of strokes, Zhu Wen is mostly the number of strokes, Zhu Wen is mostly the number of strokes, while Bai Wen is the opposite, thus achieving the harmonious effect of Zhu Bairu and Bai Ruzhu. Most of these seals are privately printed and not used for official seals.

Female seal

Mother seal is also called? Seal? Originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty and prevailing in the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, it is a seal made by two or three parties. A person's stomach is empty, and one or two baby seals can be properly inserted to form the shape of a mother's pocket. There are also two seals on one side (such as the right column? Guo Yi? India) is a group of three parties. There are several seals in the volume of one seal, which shows the technical level of ancient printing.

Six-sided printing brush

There are few six-sided prints handed down from generation to generation. This demonstration? Convex? The zigzag seal has a hole at the nose end, which can be worn, and a small seal at the nose end, together with the other five printing surfaces, is called six-sided seal. A typical six-sided printing style handed down from ancient times is white text with edges, each word is a line, dense on the top and sparse on the bottom, the vertical pen of the seal is long and drooping, and the tip is like a hanging needle, so there is? Sting seal? Commonly known as. Although this style has the advantages of stroke stretching and contrast, it is easy to become vulgar, far less than that of China and India, so seal engravers have only done it occasionally.

How to appreciate seals

It is divided into four parts: seal, seal, seal spectrum and seal decoration.

Seal appreciation

To appreciate seal script, we must first master the characteristics of artistic expression techniques such as calligraphy, composition and knife cutting, and then understand the interest and implication contained in the content of seal script, and then savor it carefully and experience it slowly.

calligraphy

Artists who have been very successful attach great importance to calligraphy, as we have learned in the previous chapter. There's nothing wrong. It is an important prerequisite to ensure the appreciation value of printed texts. As we all know, calligraphy is the art of writing. If you can't even read, there is no artistic appreciation. The reason why seals have been respected and loved by intellectuals in past dynasties is precisely because of his difficulties and the challenges brought by his difficulties. What is easy to get is neither challenging nor attractive, not to mention the appreciation value. For connoisseurs, understanding seal script has become the primary task. At first glance, seal script is a bit strange, but it is actually very easy to learn and difficult to master. Seal character

The aesthetic value of seal can be summarized into two aspects: the artistic beauty of seal and the material beauty of seal. What is the beauty of printing art? Shape? Developed for the center, although it later became? Image? But to explore its origin, there are always tangible traces to follow, so seal script is artistic from the beginning.

The organization and structure of an article

The method of printing articles is the method of position arrangement and overall layout between words. Reasonable rules and regulations can give people high-grade enjoyment, while unreasonable rules and regulations can make people know at a glance that the details are insufficient or even fake. The basic requirements of rules and regulations are balance, honesty, generosity and correctness. Most of the rules and regulations in China and India are based on this, and further require naturalness and vividness for negotiation and pondering.

Cutting skills (in cooking)

It is difficult for the ancients to carve bronze jade, and its technology is more complicated. Good stone is extremely suitable for stress, just like good paper is subject to pen and ink, where the iron pen passes, stone chips are scattered, showing the effect of natural cracking, leaving traces of lines and bearing the vigorous stone flavor of Gu Zhuo. Knife method can be roughly divided into two types: punching knife and cutting knife. Punch and knife moves quickly, rushing thousands of miles, much like the brushwork of calligraphy, which can show vigorous momentum; The cutting knife moves slowly, and it cuts continuously with a short-distance kitchen knife, one step at a time, just like a pen in calligraphy, which can show vigorous, concise, heavy and steady breath. Sometimes the combination of the two knife methods is better.

Interest and meaning

As we know, many writers, poets, painters and calligraphers in the past dynasties have a special liking for seals, and many Indians also work as painters and calligraphers. They often use some allusions, idioms, poems or rude words as the content of leisure chapters, which are often surprising and interesting. When we appreciate such sentences, we will also find them particularly interesting and interesting.

Border currency appreciation

A boundary is a written record of the name, year and month engraved on the surface or around the seal. According to Zhong Ding's inscription? Is the word "Yin" concave or is the word "Zhi" convex? However, in the field of seals, regardless of yin and yang, they are usually collectively referred to as border money or money, and they are rarely called "printing money"? Edge knowledge? Yes

There were few ancient stamps, and Wen Peng started the custom of double-edged calligraphy. Since then, the printers have made their own efforts, making the printing edge quickly become an important part of the seal art, playing the same role as the painting inscription. In the block prints with one stroke and one painting, Indian artists' superb knife skills and superb and wonderful calligraphy realm are also displayed, which is worthy of our careful taste and appreciation.

Besides appreciating calligraphy, inscriptions and works of art, some strokes of the seal are highly literary. It records or expresses feelings, or talks about art or taste, which is fascinating and makes people think about that ancient love. So-called? Between square inches, the weather is myriad? , not only refers to the seal, but also applies to abstraction, both of which have the subtle feeling of gold casting and jade carving, which are equally fascinating, arouse our endless associations and bring us endless significance.

Appreciation of printed music

Print spectrum is the carrier of seal and coin identification. Qian Tuo's exquisite printing spectrum not only allows us to appreciate excellent works, but also is a work of art in itself. During the Daoguang period, the seal of the printed spectrum was only inked and inked, but not inked. It was not until the later period of seal cutting's prosperity in Xiling that Lin Yun Tower printed Zhao's ink by rubbing and put it behind the printed spectrum. Since then, everyone has followed suit and become a common practice. The engraving of printed spectrum is divided into two steps, one is the engraving of printed text, and the other is the inking of seal. High-quality inkpad must be selected for Zhu Zhong printing. Good inkpad is fine and shiny, oil-free and non-deteriorating, thick and even, and has a three-dimensional effect. Zhu Zhong's printed spectrum lasts as long as new, bright and pleasant. The operation of ink rubbing is complicated. On the one hand, you need skilled skills, on the other hand, you need to grasp time, care and experience. Generally speaking, the printing spectrum is first rubbed with ink, and then bronzed with ink. Ink can be divided into ink rubbings and wax rubbings. Wax rubbings are not as delicate and clear as ink rubbings, which can only meet urgent needs and are not suitable for making music. According to the shade of ink, what else? Ujintuo? And then what? Chantuo? Points, the former contrast is strong, full of luster, while the latter is plain and clear, and does not spare elegance. The spread of printed spectrum is directly related to the expression of printed text and printed money, so there is? The power of carving six, the power of expanding four? This statement shows the importance of printing spectrum spread. Exquisite printing and binding, simple and generous, the paper uses pure leather paper, single-sheet paper and even historical paper. Every paper and every industry has printing, and the main touch and Zhu Danxuan ink complement each other and are pleasing to the eye. In addition to watching, you can also study and discuss, thus becoming something valuable for people to appreciate and collect.