What kind of people did a taxi refer to during the Warring States Period?

"Shi" was an official in charge of prisons in ancient times. Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty and Spring and Autumn Period were all nobles, and most of them were ministers of the Qing doctors. After the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, it gradually became a general term for intellectuals by the ruling class. Before the Spring and Autumn Period, scholars, as a rank, had relative stability, and Jpua was the "scholar among scholars".

By the Warring States period, although scholars still had the meaning of hierarchy, they gradually became a social class. This stratum has become the middle zone of communication and transformation between the upper and lower levels. The upper level includes rulers, officials and exploiters, while the lower level includes the ruled, the people and the exploited. From Wang Ting to the bottom of society, you can see the figure of "scholar" outside.

At the end of the Warring States period, Qin became more and more powerful. In order to cope with the invasion of Qin and save their own destruction, the nobles of various vassal States tried their best to recruit talents. They pay tribute to the noble corporal and attract guests to expand their power, so it is popular to raise "scholars" (including bachelors, counselors, alchemists or magicians and diners). At that time, Meng Changjun of Qi State, Ping Yuanjun of Zhao State, Xinlingjun of Wei State, and Chun of Chu State were famous for cultivating scholars, and were later called "Four Childes of Warring States". These scholars are attached to doctors and princes and give them advice, which is what we call guests. If the host provides them with accommodation, they will be loyal to the host, but they are definitely not slaves because they enjoy personal freedom. If the master loses power or treats him badly, he can choose to leave.

According to rough statistics, there are more than 100 titles and special nouns centered on "scholar" in the Warring States literature. This not only shows the complexity of the gentry class, but also shows that their activities are all over the society. During the Warring States period, there were literati who wrote books and made statements, warriors who died for their confidants, alchemists who were familiar with the lunar calendar, and strategists who made suggestions for others. In order to distinguish different taxis, people at that time began to classify taxis. According to the characteristics and social status of scholars, they can be roughly divided into three parts: warriors, scribes and junior officials.