What are the common faults and maintenance knowledge of automobiles?

The paper filter element of engine dry air filter has strong hygroscopicity. If it is stained with engine oil, it is easy to suck high-concentration mixed gas into the cylinder, resulting in insufficient air volume, increased fuel consumption, decreased engine power and possible "runaway" of the diesel engine. If the V-belt is stained with oil, it will accelerate its corrosion and aging, and it is easy to slip, which will lead to the reduction of transmission efficiency; Brake shoe, dry clutch friction plate, brake band, etc. If it is stained with oil, it is easy to slip and work poorly, thus threatening driving safety; Oil stains on the carbon brushes of the starting motor and generator will lead to insufficient power of the starting motor, and poor contact will lead to low voltage of the generator. Tire rubber is very sensitive to oil corrosion. Contact with oil will soften or peel the rubber, and short-term contact will cause abnormal or even serious damage to the tire.

2. Fear of "stress"

If the tire casing is stored under pressure for a long time and not turned over in time, it will be deformed due to extrusion, which will affect the service life; If the paper filter elements of air filters and fuel filters are squeezed, they will be greatly deformed and cannot play a reliable filtering role; Rubber oil seal, V-belt, oil pipe, etc. It should not be squeezed, otherwise it will be deformed and affect normal use.

3, afraid of "washing"

Some beginners in driving or repairing may think that all spare parts need cleaning, but this understanding is one-sided. For the paper air filter element of the engine, when cleaning the dust on it, you can't use any oil to clean it. You can only tap it by hand or blow it from the inside to the outside with high-pressure air. For leather parts, it is not advisable to wash them with oil, but to wipe them with a clean rag.

4. Fear of "near fire"

Rubber products such as tire, V-belt, cylinder liner water stop ring, rubber oil seal, etc. If they are close to the fire source, they will easily deteriorate or be damaged. On the other hand, they may cause fire accidents. Especially for some diesel vehicles, it is difficult to start in cold winter, and some drivers often use a blowtorch to heat them to prevent them from burning out lines and oil circuits.

5. Fear of "repetition"

Some parts should be used once, but individual drivers or maintenance workers reuse them for saving or because they don't understand "taboos", which is easy to cause accidents. Generally speaking, engine connecting rod bolts, nuts, fixing bolts of imported diesel fuel injectors, cylinder liner water stop rings, sealing copper gaskets, various oil seals and sealing rings of hydraulic system, pins and cotter pins at important positions, etc., must be replaced with new products after disassembly. For the engine cylinder gasket, although no damage was found during the overhaul, it is better to replace it with a new product, because the old product has poor elasticity, poor sealing, easy ablation and damage, and the use time is short, and it is time-consuming and laborious to replace it. It is better to replace it as much as possible if there is a new product.