Pipa knowledge (2)

Play stringed instruments. Liu Xi's explanation of the name is called "Pai Handle": "Pai Handle originated in the middle of the lake and was immediately drummed. Pushing hands was approved before, and when you hold hands, it is called a handle, just like its drum, because of its name. " After approval, it was rewritten as a pipa. From this point of view, pipa is derived from pictophonetic characters.

About the 4th century AD, there were pear-shaped speakers, curved necks, four pillars (now called phase or product) and four strings. String instruments played with plectrum were introduced to the north from India through the western regions. Because its head is bent back, it is different from the straight neck round neck lute that was circulated at that time, so it is called the famous piano. "Sui Shu Qinpu" records: "Today's music is a pipa, tall and graceful, from the western regions, not an ancient China." Because it comes from protoss, it is also called protoss pipa, hupipa or huqin. After the Song Dynasty, it was called Pipa.

In modern times, the old four-phase pipa with 10, 12 and 13 grades was basically not used, and it was replaced by six-phase pipa with 18, 24, 25 and 28 grades. Arrange according to the law of twelve averages. The back of the pipa is made of rosewood, rosewood and rosewood, and two transverse sound beams and three sound columns are built in the abdomen, which are bonded to the panel. The hand mask is made of mahogany, ox horn, ivory or old bamboo, and there is a sound hole inside, also called "Yin Na". The first part of the piano is engraved with words such as longevity, music, bat, ruyi and phoenix tail, and some of them are inlaid with jade and precious stones. The neck of the piano is called the phoenix neck, which is connected with the chord groove and the mountain pass. Stick a phoenix pillow on the front and a phoenix pillow on the back. It is made of horn, mahogany or ivory and bamboo, and bamboo is the symbol of phoneme. The total length is about 96 cm.

There are twelve kinds of pipa tunes, and the commonly used tunes are A, D, E, A .. Pipa ranges from A to A-G3, with six phases and twenty-eight notes. The right hand has the fingers of playing, peach, clip, roll, double play, double pick, minute, hook, brush, wheel and half wheel. The left hand has the skills of rubbing, reciting, taking, knocking, virtual pressing, twisting strings, overtone, pushing, pulling, pulling and noting. You can play various chords and chords. It is widely used to accompany national bands and various local operas and quyi. Well-known music includes House of Flying Daggers, Overlord Dismantling, Hanyang Moonlight, Chun Xue, Moon Up, Concerto "Little Sisters of Prairie Heroes" and so on.