On Yu Hua's Fu Gui

In an interview with 1998, Mr. Yu Hua said: "I met a person who respects life the most in the world. He has more reasons to die than others, but he is still alive. " This sentence points out a fact and makes a judgment.

A fact: Fu Gui has more reasons to die than others, but he is still alive. To Be Alive is an old man named Fu Gui who spent a day describing his life's sufferings. Over the past 40 years, he has suffered a lot on earth. What will you do in the face? Four generations. He is a man in great pain. He should have died, but he lived, if only to live. As the author Yu Hua himself said: Living is to live for living itself, not to live for anything other than living. Fu Gui's immortality is very confusing, but he is alive and has his own value, meaning and immortality.

He is a gentleman of the Xu family, but he is a black sheep, which leads to his misery, loneliness, helplessness, "failure" and "success" in his life.

"Fu Gui" is an important and comprehensive factor in the rural culture of China, and what most farmers are pursuing has been fully realized in these two words, which, to a certain extent, is the sorrow of our Niu Geng nation and Fu Gui's life. I hope my son is blessed and expensive, but bitter and sad. Such a different world constitutes a tragic fate, which is also a portrayal of Fu Gui's life.

Fu Gui's bad luck in his life began with his fall. According to most people, Fu Gui's pain and suffering is the result of his own self-suffering. He is a veritable black sheep, and his "good reputation" is known far and near, and he is recognized as a person who is doomed to be "hopeless". When he grew up, he inherited his father's bad legacy, became proficient in eating, drinking, whoring and gambling, indulged in whoring and gambling all day long, and finally lost all his ancestors. Only then did his miserable life really begin. First, my father fell into the cesspit and died, then my mother died of illness, then my son Youqing bled to death, and then my daughter Xia Feng died of postpartum hemorrhage. Soon, his wife Jia Zhen died of illness. A few years later, his son-in-law Hill died suddenly, and his little grandson also ate beans to feed him. Relatives left one after another, but he was still alive.

Death is an extremely tragic misfortune. Incredibly, Fu Gui, who is weak, has stopped at the edge of death again and again under the attack of disasters, being kind to life at the limit of suffering and sadness, and silently bearing the weight of life without complaint or regret. Not just alive, but the more you live, the more you understand. This makes people have to make a special study of his life.

Yu Hua once lamented that Fu Gui is "the person who respects life the most in the world". At the same time, Yu Hua expressed this meaning: Living is about "the friendship between a person and his destiny" and "writing about people's tolerance for suffering and optimism about the world".

There is a saying that Fu Gui is a man who is good at using the method of spiritual victory. In the final analysis, this is also one of the basic worldviews of most farmers in China today. Fu Gui's outlook on life is to be alive, or just to be alive, which is not the whole of his outlook on life, but he is still alive after all, which is both fate and a little masturbation. He is a common figure in Yu Hua's works who lives in fate, but at the same time he does not completely complete everything in fate. It can be seen that Fu Gui's immortality is largely due to the writer Yu Hua's giving him a reason to exist and a meaning to live. Yu Hua is a pioneer writer who is good at writing fate. His outlook on fate often makes the characters in his works reach a certain height, asking questions about people's hearts and expounding the meaning of life.

What needs to be recalled urgently is Fu Gui's spiritual history. Fu Gui's spiritual history was developed on the level of 100 million human nature, which surprised many readers. Living is not a history of revolution or thought, but a simple history of life spirit. Fu Gui's suffering history reflects the bloodiness of war, political absurdity, spiritual terror, hunger and poverty. All these are from the perspective of Fu Gui's history of suffering and spiritual history, and all these can't change our questioning of Fu Gui's spiritual history. As a great spiritual history, Fu Gui's life is an eternal reality and will always be a living reality. Therefore, Fu Gui's existence as a spiritual history has its inestimable value. Because of this, he is alive, even though he was on the verge of death.

In the process of reading Fu Gui, readers often ask: Why didn't Fu Gui die? What does Fu Gui live for?

Let's talk about why Fu Gui didn't die from the author Yu Hua. When Yu Hua wrote To Be Alive, he didn't intend to make Fu Gui bear the great significance of social history and the Enlightenment. Fu Gui was just an ordinary man, an ordinary landlord, an ordinary farmer and an ordinary victim who lived in that tragic period. Life in Fu Gui is a relatively normal phenomenon. Everything in life revolves around Fu Gui's life. Without Fu Gui's life, living, as the most representative and highest achievement of Yu Hua, would lose its meaning of existence. Fu Gui's life is doomed to be a kind of suffering, a kind of sorrow and a kind of phenomenon. Therefore, Fu Gui has another reason to live. Fu Gui is a representative image of an era and a meaningful image of an era. Fu Gui's life represented the life or existence of a group of peasants at that time. Although this seems to violate the meaning of existence given to Fu Gui by the author, it carries more the meaning of social existence than the grand significance of social-history and enlightenment-revolution.

Fu Gui's life consciousness and spiritual history are developed in the dimensions of suffering and death. His "alive" moment was threatened and tempted by suffering and death, and he did not obey or give in. He took a patient and patient way, that is, an "indisputable struggle" to fight against suffering and death. In this sense, Fu Gui seems to have more reasons to live. This is the essence of human existence, an attitude towards life recognized and appreciated by human beings, and an important manifestation that human existence is different from other creatures. Here, Fu Gui represents the exploration of the meaning of human existence at a higher level. Such questioning and meaning will make Fu Gui's life more vivid, and the meaning of Fu Gui has surpassed the original meaning of Yu Hua's existence at this level.

Fu Gui lived with the two greatest women in his life to a great extent. His mother and his wife Jia Zhen had an immeasurable influence on his first half and the second half respectively. Fu Gui's mother dotes on Fu Gui beyond ordinary people's imagination and acceptance. It is precisely because of this great "move" of his mother that Fu Gui's first half of his life was extremely happy. At the same time, it also buried the evil consequences of Fu Gui's inheritance from his father's footsteps. He was proficient in eating, drinking, whoring and gambling, indulging in gambling all day long, and eventually lost his ancestral career, leading to the beginning of his tragic life. Fu Gui was a veritable black sheep in the first half of his life, and it was his mother's excessive doting that brought his specialty to the extreme. His mother's greatest wish in this life is to make her son Fu Gui live well. To a great extent, this wish of her mother made him give up the idea of dying for the first time, so that she never had the idea of dying again. The desire to live occupies most of the space in his mind. His wife Jia Zhen also had a profound influence on Fu Gui. His wife Jia Zhen's love for Fu Gui can be reflected in many ways. In particular, Jia Zhen did not abandon Fu Gui after he was down and out, but returned to Fu Gui after giving birth to his son, so that Fu Gui could live well in hardship. Jia Zhen is a better wife, and also conforms to the image of a so-called good wife and mother in most people's eyes. However, Jia Zhen's image is more important when she is alive, because she let Fu Gui's desire for survival overthrow everything, thus making Fu Gui live more and more open-minded and tasteful. Under the influence of his wife Jia Zhen, Fu Gui finally understood the meaning of living. Behind every successful man, there must be a successful woman, what's more, Fu Gui has two "successful" women, and it is natural that Fu Gui is "alive".

The deepest reason why Fu Gui is not dead and alive is probably the traditional cultural character. If we start from the life theory constructed by Confucianism and Taoism, the two pillars of China traditional culture, and ask Fu Gui about his attitude towards life, that is, to endure suffering, then to dispel it and transcend it, we will find the historical roots and the source of spiritual strength of Fu Gui's life. Fu Gui's life is an important embodiment of a very important feature in our traditional culture. From this point of view, especially the Taoist theory, this paper expounds the viewpoints of "inaction" and "governing by inaction" As a small country and a minority, Fu Gui is a normal phenomenon and a normal cultural effect.

This can bless you alive, which has its special image significance.