Poetic interpretation of Confucius' family stories 14 on politics

To be the highest in politics, there are different reasons: luxury on the terrace, lewdness in the garden,

The five senses are music, and politics is saving money; Than Zhou Yujun, away from princes and guests,

In order to cover up its glory, politics lies in ministers; The land is vast and the people are narrow, and people are eccentric.

Moan lives in his house, and he is happy both far and near.

Yu Jun is a loyal minister, and his behavior is respectful and sensitive. With three fathers, he can teach people filial piety.

If you have five brothers, you can teach them; Friendship 1 1, you can do good,

Attached to the middle section is not enough; Do things according to merit, and ask merit for help.

To be blessed with virtue, to be affectionate with virtue, to be truly straight, and to be God.

Knowing that it is an official, it is beneficial to the law; I don't know how to be an official, bend the law and invade the people,

Complaints arise from this. If the officials are treated fairly, the money will be cheaper and they will be kept honestly.

To be fair, you can't change it. To hide the goodness of others is to cover up the sages;

If you preach the evil of others, you are a villain. If you don't teach each other at home, you will be slandered by the foreign minister.

If you are not close to your loved ones, your feelings will be hypocritical and evil. If you say you have your own kindness,

Speak ill of others and accept it yourself. A gentleman is affectionate and cautious.

When I first entered its territory, the land was easy to walk, the grass was rich, and the ditch was deeply treated.

Respect and trust, people try their best; The second time I entered its city, the wall house was completely solid.

Trees are loyal and broad, and people don't steal them; In court,

The court is quiet, it makes decisions with its life, and its politics is not disturbed.

Third, it is called goodness, mediocrity, sincerity and integrity.

Text:

The fourteenth debate

Zi Gong asked Confucius: "In the past, Qi Jun asked Confucius about politics, and Confucius said:" Politics means saving money. " . "Lu Jun asked the master about politics, and Confucius said," Politics is an admonition to ministers. Lord Ye asked the master about politics, and the master said, "Politics is near and far. "One of the three questions is true, but the master should be different, but politics is heresy. Confucius said, "Each depends on his own affairs. Qi Jun is a country, extravagant in pavilions and fond of gardens. He is a geisha with good facial features, but he doesn't know the time. Once he gave people a thousand times the affection, and he said that politics is to save money. Lu Jun has three ministers, (Meng,,,) and he is fooling his monarch from Zhou, and he is a guest far away from the princes to cover up his glory. Then he said, "Bandits stop at * * *, but only Wang's illness." When you stop, you stop being sick, and others stop being sick, so there is only the king's illness. ) This kind of harm to the treacherous court official will confuse the Lord's heart. He also said, "If you leave chaos, you can laugh at it." If you leave your troubles, you will get sick and you will be separated. If you remember the trouble, you will be blamed for it. Look at these three things, the government wants the same thing! 」

Yu-Yu tells people to know (usually used up and down): face ~. Understand, ancient metaphor, understand, understand. For example, "metaphor" was used in ancient times. Terrace-Terrace [táixiè] Terrace and gazebo. It also refers to buildings such as terraces. "Taiwan Province, accumulate soil for it, so wait and see. There is a house on the stage. " A pen for keeping animals. Qing-Qiong disease, old: [mǐ] Sickness, suffering: people ~

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Zi Gong asked Confucius, "Once upon a time, the monarch of Qi asked you how to govern the country? You said that governing the country lies in saving financial resources. Lu Zhijun asked you how to govern the country, and you said you were a knowledgeable minister. Manage liegeman. Lord Ye asked you how to govern the country? You said that the way to govern the country is to make people near happy and let people far away rely on it. Three people have the same questions, but your answers are different. Are there different ways to govern the country? "

Confucius said, "Let's govern according to the different conditions of different countries. The monarch of Qi ruled the country, built many terraces and waterside pavilions, built many gardens and palaces, and enjoyed himself all the time. Sometimes one thousand chariots are given to each of the three families a day (three times a morning, and the vast food market is sealed to people who shouldn't), so politics is about saving money. There are three ministers in the monarch of Lu, who collude with each other in the court to fool the monarch and exclude the guests of the vassal countries from the court to cover their discerning eyes (exclude the guests of the vassal countries to cover up the sage of Lu Jun). So politics lies in understanding ministers and managing from the bottom. Chu has a vast territory and the capital of Ye Gong is small. People want to leave there and are not at ease about where to live. Therefore, politics lies in making people nearby happy and making people far away attached. The situation in these three countries is different, so the policies are different. The book of songs says:' the state chaos and empty treasury have never helped our people.' This is a lament that extravagance and waste lead to national unrest without saving money; He also said: "Officials are not loyal to their duties, which worries the monarch." This is lamenting that the treacherous court official blinded the monarch and led to national unrest; He also said,' I panicked, where is home? This is a kind of lament that people are in poverty and lead to national unrest. Can we also examine these three situations according to political needs? "

original text

Confucius said, "There are five meanings in admonishing loyal ministers. First, admonish him, it is proper; Second, admonish him, there is no decoration; Third, exhort him, which is also the reason for his inferiority; Fourth, admonish him directly, and fifth, admonish him by the wind. "

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Confucius said: "There are five ways for loyal ministers to persuade you: one is to persuade you tactfully and solemnly; Second, convince them directly; Third, convince them modestly; Fourth, convince them directly and happily; Fifth, persuade them gently. These methods need to be adopted by guessing the monarch's mind, and I should use euphemistic methods to persuade. "

original text

Confucius said: the husband's way is not valuable. China Bank Wen Zi lost his righteousness to destroy his country, but he was able to be benign and live his life. This statement does not properly express the meaning of Tao, but it is not commensurate with the last sage, and it is also rude to saints. Bank of China offended Kim's death, and everyone who followed him said he was a gentleman. So he got off his horse and waited for Jun. Wen Zi said that my good voice left my piano and my jade to my son. People asked Wen Zi what he was doing, but he didn't kill it. Confucius heard that Wen Zi lost his righteousness in order to destroy the country, but he gained it by living and being able to be virtuous. It is better to get it later. The sage turns disaster into pleasure, which is called "harmony". If he is dying, he will live, so he will turn disaster into happiness. )

China Bank Wen Zi-Yin Xun, Jin Qing Spring and Autumn Period. Namely Bank of China, also known as Bank of China Yin. Son of Xun Wu. One of the six ministers of the state of Jin. In the 15th year of Jin Dinggong (497 BC), Zhao Yang killed Wu Zhao, a doctor in Handan. He and Fan Jishe are relatives of the State of Wu. They fought against the State of Zhao in the State of Jin. Zhao Ba took it to Jinyang. Han and Wei helped Zhao and ordered Gong to cut Fan and Bank of China. Fan Hezhong of Jin Dynasty cut down the public, while China people helped the public. He and Fan Ji filmed a song of worship. Twenty years, Zhao Yang sang everywhere, and the two went to Handan. The following year, Zhao Yang surrounded Handan, and the two men rushed to offer jade, turning it into a cypress (now southwest of Longyao, Hebei). The following year, the Golden Man surrounded the Berber, and they ran away together. Its land was divided up by other four clean-ups

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Confucius said, "Heaven has to be respected!" Wen Zi, Bank of China, lost his country because he betrayed the right way, violated justice. If he has learned his lesson, he can still respect the saint and survive after fleeing (although he lost his land, if he can gradually realize his mistake in the process of fleeing, that is, not getting on the bus is a sign of his conscience). This is what saints call "turning adversity into happiness" (learning from mistakes). "(Bank of China offended the State of Jin and passed a county town on its way to escape. The waiter said, "There are old friends of adults here. Why not have a rest and wait for the car behind? Wen Zi said: "I like music, so this friend gave me a famous piano;" "I love beautiful jade, so this friend gave me Yuhuan. This is a man who will only appeal to me for benefits and will not persuade me to change. I am afraid that he will also use the method he used for me to seek benefits for others. " So I left soon. Later, this friend did buckle the two cars at the back of the article and gave them to his new owner. People listened to these words, but they didn't kill him after they caught him. Confucius said that if you don't understand reason, you will be killed if you meet that friend, because he knows a little reason and lives unreasonably. This is called turning disaster into pleasure.

Supplementary translation:

This statement is meaningless to accompany Tao, and the meaning of it is also inappropriate. Yun Lixian, on the other hand, is not worthy of being a photojournalist. Coupled with rudeness to saints, BOC offended Jin and died at the border. The follower said, "A miser is also a gentleman", so he stopped his horse and waited for the gentleman. Wen Zi said: "I have a good voice, but my son left my piano;" If you are good, your son will inherit my jade. Because of your depression and tolerance for me. I blame him for begging me for tolerance. "So I didn't get on the bus. When people hear what Wen Zi said, they will stick to it without killing it. Confucius said, "Wen Zi lost his righteousness to destroy his country, but gained his body, treated the virtuous with courtesy, and then gained it. "). If you advance, you will die. If you don't advance, you will live. You can turn disaster into pleasure! "

Liu Xiang's "Shuo Yuan" Volume 13 Machiavellian-Bank of China Wen Zi died in a frontier fortress, and the follower said: "For this reason, the husband is also a gentleman, and he will wait for the car." Wen Zi said, "I had a good voice on another day, and this son left behind my piano, my admiration and my jade. It's not my fault, it's my tolerance. " I'm afraid he will ask my permission, so he won't enter. "After the start, Wen Zi asked where the miser was and killed him. When Zhong Ni heard this, he said, "Wen Zi, the bank of China, betrayed his righteousness and destroyed the country. After that, he got it. It still exists, and the Tao cannot be left behind. If that's the case. "

original text

The king of Chu will visit Jingtai, and Sima Ziqi will admonish him. When the king was angry, His Highness Yin Zihe remonstrated, saying, "We must not lose sight of Jingtai today." Wang Xi patted Xi on the back and said, "I am very happy with him." Zi Xi walked ten miles, stopped and said, "I want to say something appropriate." The king said, "You are right." Zi Xi said, "I heard that I am a minister and loyal to my king, and my salary is not enough to reward me;" Those who insulted the monarch were not punished enough. Those who are inspired by the master are loyal ministers, and those who insult them are willing to reward your loyalty and punish them. " The king said, "If I listen to Sima, I can only keep my ears shut. If future generations do it, why not? " Confucius said, "It is forbidden for future generations to change their ears. Long live the king, the mountain rises above Jingtai, and children and grandchildren will not bear to swim in the tombs of their ancestors for fun. " The king said, "Yes." Confucius said, "Zi Xi's words, at best, will travel more than a thousand miles, and will be suppressed until the immortal queen."

-[incarnation] Pat:. Like "caressing", it is soothing and soothing. Handle to the object. Control the chewing and reins of animals: ~ head. Shanling -[shā nlí ng] 1. It used to refer to the emperor's mausoleum. 2. It is a metaphor of an emperor or a queen.

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The king of Chu wanted to go to Jingtai, but Zi Qi stopped him. The king of Chu was very angry. Yi Zixi said yes to the King of Chu under the main hall and remonstrated, "Now is the best time to see Jingtai. You can't miss it! " The king of Chu was very happy. He stroked Zixi's back and said, "Let's play together!"

Zixi rode for about ten miles, pulled the reins, stopped going any further, and said, "I have something to say. Will your majesty listen? " King Chu said, "Tell me about it." Zixi said: "I heard that if those officials are loyal to their king, it is not enough to reward them with titles and salaries;" And those who flatter his monarch, it is not too much to punish their sins. Zi Qi, he is a loyal minister and I am an apple polisher. I hope the king can reward the loyal minister who killed me. "

The king of Chu said, "I have listened to Sima Ziqi's advice now, but this can only prevent me from going to Jingtai alone. What should the younger generation do to play? " Zixi said, "The younger generation is easy to stop. Your Majesty, after your death, you will build the mausoleum on the top of Jingtai, and future generations will not have the heart to have fun on the tombs of their predecessors! " The king of Chu said, "Good!" So he went back.

Confucius said, "Very good. Zixi's advice not only prevented the high monarch, but also prevented the immortal. "

original text

Zi Gong listened to Confucius and said, "It is very important for a master to give birth to Yan Zi. I dare to ask what those two doctors did, so that I can see the master and what they did. " Confucius said: "a master born in the folk benefits the master, and knowledge is a natural resource;" Yan Zi is your loyal minister, and his behavior is respectful and sensitive. Therefore, I have always regarded my brother as a matter of love and respect. "

Eye: look, see: the place, situation or result you want to achieve. It means nearby. One side is like this, the other side is like that. Represents durability:! Words in classical Chinese are used at the beginning of sentences, similar to "fu"; The auxiliary word [jū] in classical Chinese is used at the end of the sentence, which is similar to "ah". Too many. Another name for June in the lunar calendar. Jing Shen's appearance: "Yes ~". Ancient times and "squatting" are the same.

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Zi Gong consulted Confucius and said, "Teacher, you have always been very appreciative of the children of Yan Zi of Zheng State and Qi State, and have given such a high evaluation. What did these two doctors do to make the teacher treat them like this? "

Confucius said: "Well, Zi Chan is a benevolent doctor to the people of Zheng, just like a benefactor, his knowledge is so profound;" Yan Zi, the monarch of Qi State, was a loyal minister. He is humble and agile. So I have always regarded them as brothers and have to be respectful. "

original text

In the Qi Dynasty, there was a bird full of feet, which flew to the front of the palace and spread its wings. Qi Hou was surprised and asked Lu to ask Confucius. Confucius said, "The name of this bird is still sheep, and the water is auspicious. Yesterday, the boy jumped up and said, "It rained heavily, but the sheep encouraged him. Now it's Qi, which should be enough. "

Rent a tour:. Inviting people to their posts: engagement or marriage: Xiang _[xiáng] Geely: good or bad omen: signing-signing [zhǐ] one of the ancient five tones. "Five tones, palace, business, angle, sign, feather." Sign [zhēng] "Sign" is in traditional Chinese characters. (1) knowingly. From micro-province to folk. Walking between micro and knowledge. Original intention: conscription

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A bird with only one foot appeared in the state of Qi. It flew to the palace of Qi, and then landed in front of the palace, spreading its wings and jumping. Qi Hou () was very surprised and sent someone to Lu to consult Confucius.

Confucius said: "This kind of bird is called Shang Yang, which is the mascot of water, and its appearance is a harbinger of the coming flood. In the past, I saw a child with one foot bent, shaking his shoulders, and singing the song' It's raining, the sheep are dancing' while jumping. Now this kind of bird appears in Qi, and the rain is coming. We should tell people to clean ditches and build dams as soon as possible, because there will be floods and disasters. "

Later, the heavy rain came soon, and many places were flooded, and people all over the world suffered greatly. It's just that Qi made preparations in advance and didn't suffer too much damage.

Qi Jinggong said: "The words of the saints are true and credible, and they have come true!"

original text

Confucius called Mizi cheap and said, "How can a son get what he gives when he governs a single father?" ? Confucius said, "There are three who are at odds with their father, five who are brothers and eleven who are friends." Confucius said, "He who is at peace with his father is three, and he who is a friend is three." If you have five brothers, you can teach them. Making friends with eleven people can do good things. Mid-Autumn Festival, people are attached to it, but it is not enough. "As the saying goes, there are five people here, who are wise in the rough and teach the rough way. Confucius sighed, "The greatest thing is this." Once upon a time, Yao and Shun listened to the world and asked the wise to help themselves. Blessed are the wise. "

Mi _ [mi]: Be quiet. [fú]: The ancient "Fu" and "Fuxi" were also called "Mi xi". Millet side: Mi (mi), with an incorrect name, is cheap. Nature-bǐ ngd ǐ-is still taught.

Confucius said to Mi Zijian, "The people are very happy that you govern the place where your single father lives. What policies have you implemented to get this effect? " Tell me how you did it. "

Mi Zikai replied: "I manage a single father and treat ordinary people like parents raising their sons. I treat many orphans like my own sons. No matter who has a funeral, I will express my condolences. "

Confucius said, "Good! But these are small acts of kindness, and civilians are possessed, but they are still not enough! "

Mi Zibian added, "I treat three people as fathers, five as brothers and eleven as friends."

Confucius heard this and said, "Three people who treat their father as their father can teach people filial piety; People who treat their brothers as brothers can teach people to love their brothers; 1 1 a person who regards each other as friends can make people recommend kindness. This is a moderate polite behavior. Generally, middle-level people are convinced and appeased, but it is still not enough. "

Mi Zibian added: "There are five people here who are more talented than me. I serve them and accept their instruction. They will tell me the way to govern single-parent cities. "

Upon hearing this, Confucius said admiringly, "This is the key to your great achievement! In the past, Emperor Yao and Shun Di ruled the world, always trying to help their talents, virtues and beauty. A talented, virtuous and beautiful person is the source of all blessings and the master of the gods! Unfortunately, the place where management is not good is a little too small! 」

original text

Zi Gong, the slaughter of Xinyang, resigned from Confucius. Confucius said, "If you are diligent and cautious, you will not be robbed, cut, violent or stolen if you serve the son of heaven." Zi Gong said, "How can you be tired if you give less and serve a gentleman?" Confucius said: "If it is not detailed, it is said that the husband will replace it with virtue, then take it." Replacing virtuous people with unworthy people is called cutting; Delaying urgent punishment is called violence; Taking one's own good is called stealing. Stealing is not stealing money. I know that officials, those who serve the law and benefit the people, and those who don't know the official, bend the law and invade the people. This is also the reason for this complaint. The official is Mo Ruoping, whose financial integrity is incorruptible and cannot be changed. The goodness of Tibetans is called hiding goodness. When the evil of others is publicized, he is a villain. No internal training.

Seize-seize Ou Du, seize: plunder. Strive for: ~ loss. Through: ~ out of the door. Lose, cut, shake, shine. Decide how to deal with it: please cut. Omit (text): The word ~ in the eighth line.

Cut-fá cut: cut ~. Conquer: ~ sin (conquering guilty people) boast: ~ goodness (praising one's own benefits).

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Zi Gong wants to be the chief executive of Xinyang, ready to take office and bid farewell to Confucius.

Confucius said, "Be diligent and cautious, guide agricultural production according to natural seasons, and do not take, destroy, be cruel or steal."

Zi Gong said, "I have been studying with my husband since I was very young. Can I commit theft? "

Confucius said, "You have no further understanding. Replacing a person with talent and beauty is called' taking away'; Replacing virtuous people with immoral people is called' cutting' (eradicating virtuous people); Laws and regulations are loose and punishments are severe (they can be delayed but implemented urgently), which is called' violence'; Taking all the beautiful things for yourself is called' stealing'. Theft is not stealing property in a general sense. I heard that people who are good at being officials obey the law and benefit the people; Those who are not good at being officials distort the law and discipline, harming others and not benefiting themselves. This is the root of resentment. There is nothing better than justice to rectify the official style; There is nothing better than honesty in the face of wealth. Nothing can change his clean and fair behavior. To hide the benefits of others is to bury talents; It is obscene and despicable to expose other people's misdeeds. It is impossible to get along in love and harmony without convincing each other internally and slandering each other externally. Say the benefits of others, just like my own benefits; Talking about others' shortcomings is like being attacked by others. Therefore, there is no place where people with moral cultivation are not wary of fear. "

original text

Luz has been in charge of Poop for three years. When Confucius entered his territory, he said, "Benevolence and reason, respect for faith." When he entered his city, he said, "Kindness is just, but loyalty is tolerant." When he arrived at the imperial court, he said, "Righteousness, insight." Zi Gong clung to the question and said, "It's wrong for your master to call it good three times because he has never seen Li Zheng." Confucius said, "I see its politics. Speaking of its territory, the land is easy, the grass is abundant and the ditch is deep. This is respectful and trustworthy, so its people do their best. " Entering its city, the walls and houses are solid and the trees are very thick, so it is loyal and wide, so its people do not steal; When they arrived at the imperial court, it was quiet, and the people used their lives, so their words were observant, so their politics were not disturbed. From this point of view, although they are all good, they are all beautiful! 」

Domain-domain [chóu] field:. Class, of the same kind:. Make equal: ~ its big salary. Come, come. Chenopodium album. In ancient times, it refers to the field of rest in the suburbs, and it also refers to the field of weeds: "The political troubles are heavy and the fields are barren." Gully-Gully field waterway. Borrow refers to farmland water conservancy. Generally refers to fields. Disturb-disturb r m: o disturb: add trouble: tame, safe: livestock: mediocre -y not ng ordinary, not smart: need:. Why, how to do it ... A tax law in the Tang Dynasty in China: rent adjustment. Credit:). In ancient times, it was the same as "servant" and employment.

Lutz has been in charge of Puyi for three years.

Once, Confucius passed by and went to its site, praising: "Zhong You (Luz) did a really good job, modest, respectful and trustworthy."

When he arrived in the city, Confucius praised him and said, "Zhong You (Luz) did a good job, both loyal and generous."

When he arrived in Lutz's office, Confucius couldn't help but praise him again: "Zhong You (Lutz) did a good job, observed clearly and made a decision."

Zi Gong was surprised to hear that. Holding the reins, he asked Confucius, "Sir, you have praised Luz three times, but you haven't seen his policies and achievements. Can we hear what he did well? "

Confucius said, "I have seen his achievements. When I came to his site, I saw that the cultivated land had been sorted out, the weeds had been eradicated, and the waterways in the field had deepened. This is because he is modest, respectful and trustworthy, so people will do their best. When you look into the city, the walled houses are intact and firm, and the trees are lush. This is because his laws are faithful and generous, so people are not careless. Walk into his yamen, where it is quiet and leisurely, and the people working below are very efficient and obey orders. This is because he can see everything clearly and decisively, so his decrees will not be delayed and will not disturb the people. From these aspects, even if I praise him for doing a good job three times in a row, how can I tell him everything? "