Talking about anemia

Anemia is no stranger to us, but many people still have such questions. The food they usually eat is very nutritious. Why is there such a problem as anemia? Today I will briefly talk about anemia.

Why anemia? Anemia is usually defined as a decrease in the total number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. There is an important ferritin in red blood cells? Heme, heme can transport oxygen to various organs and tissues and transport carbon dioxide from tissues back to lungs, so red blood cells are very important. If the function of red blood cells is not strong enough or the number of red blood cells is not enough to complete the task, the "efficiency" of gas exchange is not good enough, and patients will feel tired, weak, dizzy, cold hands and feet, panting, and rapid heartbeat, which will lead to hypoxia, shock and cardiopulmonary dysfunction in the most serious cases.

There are three main causes of anemia: 1, excessive blood loss (hemorrhagic anemia)

The causes of blood loss may be acute car accidents, knife wounds and gunshot wounds, chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or menorrhagia in women. For people with sufficient iron in the body, the body will accelerate the production of red blood cells after blood loss, so after a week of blood loss, many "new forces" will be added to the blood to try to make up the amount of red blood cells. But if you lose blood for a long time or lose too much blood too quickly, it will still lead to anemia.

2. Excessive destruction of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)

Normal red blood cells can stay in blood circulation for about 65,438 0.20 days. When the life span of red blood cells is shortened to 1.5 ~ 0.20 days, the speed of red blood cells being destroyed is faster than that of "supplementing fresh blood (hematopoietic compensatory ability of bone marrow)". But before he conquered, his death would cause anemia, which is commonly called hemolytic disease. However, hemolytic diseases in hemolytic cells are usually hereditary, such as spherical red blood cells changing the types of red blood cells. Often acquired extracellular hemolytic diseases may be caused by drugs, infections or other immune diseases such as lupus erythematosus, which cause autoantibodies to attack red blood cells. Life cycle of red blood cells: After collecting nutrients such as iron, folic acid and vitamin B 12, bone marrow will develop red blood cell precursor cells, which will gradually enter the blood circulation and develop into mature red blood cells after several days of differentiation.

3. Decreased erythropoiesis

It may be that the bone marrow is affected by chemical poisons, infections, drugs or autoimmune diseases, resulting in too few red blood cells; Or the bone marrow is affected by cancers such as leukemia and cancer metastasis, and cannot produce red blood cells. It is also possible that the raw materials for making red blood cells are insufficient, iron is lacking, vitamin B 12 is lacking, or folic acid is lacking.