How to plant potatoes with high yield (sharing high-yield cultivation techniques of potatoes)

Potato, also known as potato, potato, Dutch potato, sweet potato and sweet potato, is native to the Andes in South America and belongs to the genus Panicum in Solanaceae. Potato tubers are edible, with high nutritional value and rich in vitamin C, protein and carbohydrates. At the same time, potatoes, like wheat, rice and corn, are important high-yield food crops. It is not difficult to grow potatoes as long as potato planting techniques are adopted. Let's learn how to grow potatoes.

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

Planting should choose sandy loam plots with sparse potatoes, convenient irrigation and drainage, rich organic matter, flat terrain and thick and fertile plough layer. After the previous crop is harvested, it should be cultivated in combination with soil preparation and fertilization before planting, and balanced fertilization can be used. Plant ash 200 kg, ammonium bicarbonate 60 kg and farmyard manure 1, 500 ~ 2,500 kg should be applied every 667 square meters.

2. Seed selection treatment

High-yield virus-free potatoes with complete potato pieces, no freezing injury, no pests and diseases, shallow buds and smooth potato skin were selected as seed potatoes, such as Kexin 1, Feiwuruita, Dongnong 303, Zaodabai, Eugene and Kexin 6. Prepare two knives for cutting potatoes as an exchange, put the unused knives into potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, cut the seed potatoes into pieces 3-5 days before sowing until each potato weighs 35-50g and has 1-2 robust buds, and mix after cutting.

Accelerate germination

After the seed potato was spread cold for 1 ~ 2 days, it was soaked in 1 ~ 2 units of humin for 10 minutes, and then it was buried in a wet sand bed and covered with a film to accelerate germination, which could effectively break the dormant state of the seed potato, accelerate the orderly emergence of seedlings and reduce the rot of the seed potato in the soil.

sow seeds

Sowing can be done when the daily average temperature 15 to 25℃ or the height of 10 cm soil layer is higher than10℃ for more than 3 days. When sowing, arrange the density reasonably according to fertility and potato varieties. Under general cultivation conditions, there are about 6000 potatoes per mu or seeds per mu 120 to 150 kg.

5. Water management

After sowing, irrigate in time when the weather is dry to keep the soil moist and ensure the emergence of seedlings. The key periods are seedling emergence, bud emergence and full flowering. The amount of watering should be increased appropriately to ensure sufficient soil moisture. When the stems and leaves stop growing, the demand for water will increase, so it is necessary to replenish water to prevent potatoes from maturing late or reducing production.

6. Disease control

In the process of potato planting, diseases will reduce the yield of potatoes and affect the quality of potatoes. There are aphids and Pieris rapae on the ground, which can be controlled by efficient imidacloprid solution, and underground pests such as cutworms and needle worms can be controlled by spraying trichlorfon powder during potato growth period.

harvest

When the stems and leaves of the potato gradually turn yellow and wither, the potato is completely mature and can be harvested when the soil is dry on sunny days.