Sun Quan advised Lv Meng to study.

At the beginning, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are in charge now, not to study!" ! "Lv Mengyong army has all kinds of excuses. "I don't want you to be a doctor alone! But when you dabble, look over. Too much talk, who is lonely? I often study alone, and I think it is very beneficial. " Monroe began to study. After Lu Su visited Yang, he consulted with Meng and said in shock, "You are a talented person, not a monk under the martial arts!" Lv Meng said, "honest people have read it for several days. You know how late it is to see things so late. "Lu Su met Lv Meng's mother and became friends with Lv Meng.

Second, translation.

At first, Sun Quan, the king of Wu, said to General Lv Meng, "You are now in an important position and have great power. You cannot stop studying! " Lv Meng excused himself on the grounds that there were many military affairs. Sun Quan said, "Do I want you to be a scholar who is proficient in Confucian books and teaches Confucian classics? To understand history, you should just skim through it. You said you were busy with military affairs. What about me? But I often read books and feel that I have gained a lot. " Then Lumeng began to study. Lu Su, the strategist of Dongwu, passed by looking for Yang to discuss important matters with him. After listening to Monroe's opinion, Lu Su was very surprised and said, "Your talent and strategy are not what Monroe used to be!" Lv Meng said: "For ambitious people, after a few days apart, you should polish your eyes and re-examine his talents. Dude, why do you see things so late! " Then Lu Su visited Monroe's mother, became friends with Monroe, and then left.

Third, the people's education edition teaching reference

First, the overall grasp

This article is adapted from previous history books. Because the previous history books have been recorded in detail and there is no new historical data to supplement them, this paper rewrites the relevant records of the previous history books according to the principle of ellipsis. Compared with the words quoted by Pei Songzhi in The Story of the Three Kingdoms and Wu Mengchuan, this article is only 129. Although extremely simple, it is well cut, which not only retains the essence of the original text, but also maintains the integrity of the story, and highlights the charm of the characters with more concise writing. This is a successful rewrite.

This article is about Monroe's "beginner" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and soon her talent was amazing, which made Lu Su gasp in admiration and make friends with him. It can be divided into two layers: one is to write Sun Quan's "Persuade Learning" and Lu Meng's "Start Reading"; Later, Lu Su wrote "Discussion with Mongolia" and "Make Friends and Leave".

This article is concise and to the point. The full text only wrote two fragments of Sun Quan's persuasion and Lu Su's "discussing with Meng", that is, first explain the cause of the matter, and then write the result, without writing how to learn and how to improve his talent. The result of writing is not directly about how Monroe studied and succeeded, but vividly expressed through the dialogue between Lu Su and Monroe. When writing about Sun Quan's surrender, he focused on Sun Quan's words to show his good surrender, ignoring Lv Meng's dialogue, writing about Monroe's reaction with only one sentence "I resigned myself to doing more in the army" and writing about Monroe's acceptance of surrender with only one sentence "I started studying in Mongolia". Writing Lu Su's "Meeting with Meng Yi" focuses on their witty questions and answers to show the amazing progress of Monroe's talent, but omits the content of their "discussion" and ends with the sentence "Su Sui, the mother of Paimon, made friends and left".

Second, the problem research

1. How does this article express the characters through dialogue?

This paper focuses on expressing characters through dialogue. The dialogue is concise, vivid and interesting. A few words can make people feel the tone, expression and psychology of the three characters when they speak.

Sun Quan advised him to study, and first pointed out to Lv Meng the necessity of "learning", that is, because of his important position as a servant, he had to study. Then he appeared and pointed out the possibility of "learning". So that Monroe could not refuse, "this is the beginning of learning." From Sun Quan's words, we can not only see his good words, but also feel his closeness, concern and expectation to Lv Meng, without losing his status as a master. "To be a talented person in today's life, you have to admire". It can be seen that Lu Su was surprised. In his eyes, Monroe has changed a lot, which shows that Monroe has made incredible and amazing progress because of "learning". It should be pointed out that Lu Su is not only superior to Monroe, but also knowledgeable. What he said can show that Monroe's progress is really extraordinary. "Don't say goodbye for three days, when you treat each other, why is it too late for Big Brother to see things?" This is Monroe's ingenious response to Lu Su's admiration. "Three days" is a short time. "Shaving your eyes" means wiping your eyes to show your surprise and disbelief. From Lu Meng's answer, we can see that he is quite complacent. His well-deserved calm attitude shows that he has made great progress. Sun Quan's words are exhortation, while Lu Su's and Monroe's words are ridicule, with different moods.

In this paper, Lu Su and Monroe laughed and joked with each other, showing their true temperament and harmonious relationship, showing Monroe's "learning" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and showing Monroe's achievements and vivid pen and ink in learning, which is the most exciting part of the whole paper.

2. Why did Lu Su "make friends" with Monroe?

The article ends with "Su Sui, the mother of Paimon, made friends and left". Lu Su took the initiative to "make friends" with Monroe because Lu Su was impressed by Monroe's talent and was willing to make friends with him. This shows that Lu Su respects and loves talents, and they are congenial. This last stroke is the aftertaste of Lu Su's "Discussion with Meng", which further shows the amazing progress of Monroe's talent from the side.

Practice note

First of all, read the text carefully and think about what the change of Lu Meng has inspired you.

The purpose of setting the topic is to make students understand the content of the text and be inspired by it.

Read the text aloud and pay attention to the tone expressed by the words added in the following sentences.

The purpose of the topic is to let students know the mood expressed by several modal particles in the text. Modal words in classical Chinese play an important role in expressing feelings and meanings, and they are numerous and flexible in usage, so we should pay attention to accumulating them at any time in the process of learning classical Chinese. The usage of modal particles in classical Chinese should be understood by reading aloud.

1. Lonely, do you want to be a doctor?

Evil: indicates a rhetorical tone, which can be translated as "horse"

But when you dabble, you can see the past.

Ear: it means restrictive mood, which can be translated as "just"

3. Brother, why is it too late?

Tribal tiger: It expresses a sigh tone, which can be translated as "ah".

Teaching suggestion

1. According to the dialogue-oriented characteristics of this paper, guide students to read aloud repeatedly and understand the tone, manner and psychology of the three characters in the text, so it is best to recite the text in class. The dialogue between Lu Su and Monroe is the focus and difficulty of this paper. We can grasp the two key words "Wu Xia Amon" and "scratch my face" to understand their conversation and appreciate the emotional taste of this passage.

Secondly, some flexible ways can be used to teach this article, such as asking students to discuss what this article inspired them, reading aloud in different roles, holding a quick recitation contest, retelling the text, adapting the original oral expression and so on.

Third, this article can be compared with other articles. After writing Monroe's "Dangtu Zhangshi", the former was persuaded by Sun Quan to "start school" and his talent quickly made amazing progress. The latter wrote that Fang Zhongyong was brilliant in his childhood, but he was "lost in the crowd" because his father "refused to learn". Both articles are related to learning, but one is right and the other is wrong. One is to study hard and achieve something when you are old. The other is that you haven't studied since you were a child and have accomplished nothing. This shows the importance of learning from different aspects. In addition, the writing of the two articles is also different: the former focuses on dialogue and is concise; The latter is a combination of narrative and discussion, arguing with things.

related data

I. Introduction to the author

Sima Guang (10 19— 1086), whose real name is military adviser, was born in Sushui, Xia County, Shaanxi Province (now Shanxi Province), and was known as Mr. Sushui in the world. In the last years of Baoyuan Jinshi Renzong, he was appointed to Tianzhangge as a lecturer and remonstrator. He was determined to compile general records as a reference for feudal rule. In the third year of Zhiping (1066), it was written in eight volumes from the Warring States to the Qin Dynasty. Yingzong ordered a bureau to continue to repair. Zong Shen gave it the name "Purple Tongzhi Sword". When Wang Anshi adopted the New Deal, he strongly opposed it and argued with Wang Anshi in front of the emperor, emphasizing that the laws of his ancestors could not be changed. He was appointed as the deputy special envoy of the Committee, but he refused to resign. In the third year of Xining (1070), he became known as Yongxing Army (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province). The following year, he retired to Luoyang and continued to compile Tong Jian, which was completed in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084). From the beginning to the last edition, he wrote it himself. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, Zhezong ascended the throne, and the Empress Dowager listened to politics and called her to Beijing to preside over state affairs. The following year, he served as a servant and assistant minister of Shangshu. A few months later, he abolished the new law and ousted the new party. In order to die for eight months, Wen Guogong was hunted down. He is the author of Sima Zheng Wen Gong Ji and Giguru.

Two. Brief introduction of purple tongzhi sword

Zi Tong Zhi Jian was written by Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty. 294 volumes, 30 volumes for textual research and 30 volumes for catalogue. Chronological history. Sima Guang's Eight Volumes from Warring States to Qin Ershi, named Tongzhi, entered Song Yingzong. In the third year of Zhiping (1066), he was ordered to set up a bookstore to continue compiling, which lasted 19 years until the seventh year of Zongshen Yuanfeng (1084). Zong Shen was made a tongzhi supervisor because of his "observing his past and having the resources to govern the Tao". The book began in the 23rd year of Zhou Weilie (403 BC) and ended in the 6th year of Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 BC). In addition to the seventeenth history, there are 222 kinds of materials, including unofficial history, biographies, anthologies and records. Assisted by Liu■, Fan Zuyu, etc. , perform their duties and responsibilities. First, the materials are sorted into "clusters", then compiled into "long edition", and then finalized by Sima Guang. The content is mainly political and military, with little economic culture. The book covers the historical events of 1362. There is a "textual research" to clarify the material differences and a "catalogue" for reference, which provides a more systematic and complete material for historical research. Annotations mainly include Zi Yin Jian's Annotation at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Yan Yan made up for the mistakes in publishing by writing "Learning from the Same Resources as a Mirror" and did some work.

Third, about Monroe.

Lu Meng (178-219) was born in Pi Fu (now southeast of Funan County, Anhui Province) in the Three Kingdoms period. According to the Ministry of Sun Ce, Deng Dang took over his subordinates when he died. Starting from Sun Quan, he attacked various places and served as a corps commander in Yokono. Later, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and others broke Cao Cao in Chibi. I didn't learn Chinese at first, but then I listened to Sun Quan's advice and read more history books and art books. Lu Su called him "knowledgeable and would not return to Wu Xia Meng." When Lu Su died, he led the army on his behalf, attacked Guan Yu, the general of Shu, and occupied Jingzhou. He died soon.

About Zhou Yu, Lu Su and Meng Yue, Sun Quan and Lu Xun said ... When I was young, I was lonely and called me bold and courageous. When you grow up, you can learn more and raise a little surprise. You can be the second in Gong Jin, but you can't talk about it. Guan Yu's paintings are better than amethyst. "

(Excerpted from the Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Monroe)

4. Biography of Three Kingdoms and Wu Zhi, quoted by Pei Songzhi as Biography of Jiang Biao.

Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Monroe: "Lu Su took the place of Zhou Yu, and passed through Mengtun. Su Yi is still ignorant, or Su said,' General Lu's fame is becoming more and more obvious. You shouldn't treat him deliberately, but you should take care of him. I went to Yimeng. Meng drank too much and asked Sue, "You have a heavy responsibility and a close relationship with Guan Yu. "What are you going to do," Su Zao Times should say, "temporary charity." Meng said, "Although this matter is the same, Guan Yu is a tiger or a bear. Is it necessary to plan for safety? Because of the five strategies. Sue went to the table, patted him on the back and said, I don't know what you are capable of. So Paimon's mother made friends and left. When Quan said Meng, Jiang Qin said,' Your Majesty is in charge now, and you should learn to benefit others.' Meng said:' I always get into trouble in the army, but I'm afraid I can't go back to school. Quan said,' Do you want to be a doctor alone? But it's time to dabble in the past Too much talk, who is lonely? When I was a lonely teenager, I studied poetry, books, rites, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin, but I didn't read Yi. Since the reunification, the chronicles of the three provinces (Historical Records, Hanshu and Dongguan Hanshu are three histories) and various military books all think it is of great benefit. If it is two people, you will be enlightened and you will learn. Why not do it? We should read Sun Tzu, Tamia Liu, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin and Three History urgently. Confucius said, "It's no use thinking about it if you don't eat all day and stay up all night. It is better to learn. "Light Wudang military affairs, never put down the book, Meng De also claims to be old and studious, why don't you encourage yourself to learn evil? He studied tirelessly, and what he saw was invincible by the old Confucianism. After a generation of Zhou Yu, Lu Su often wanted to be wronged. Su Daimeng said behind his back: "I am called Big Brother, but I am very sensitive to martial arts. As for today, I have knowledge and don't want to go back to Wu to Amon. Meng said, "If you don't see me for three days, you will be even more surprised." . Brother, how can you call Hou? Brother, today's Gong Jin is unsustainable and close to Guan Yu. I am eager to learn. I think Zuo Zhuan is catchy, lively and heroic, but I am also quite conceited. Today and right, when there is a single complex (single complex, still strange and right, one of the ancient tactics), take Qing (Qing, when the "hometown." From Ruby) Wait. "The secret is to eliminate Chen's three strategies. Su Jing accepted and kept it a secret. Quan often sighs:' people are long and profitable, such as Jiang Qin, which cannot be covered. If you are rich and respectful, you will learn better, learn to pass on books, value wealth and righteousness, and be a national scholar. Why not rest? "

A man of little learning

Pei Songzhi quoted Biography of Jiang Biao: "When Quan said Meng, Jiang Qin said,' You are in charge now, so you should learn from yourself.' Gaspard monge: "In the army, I often have many tasks. I'm afraid I can't go back to school. Quan said,' Do you want to be a doctor alone? But it's time to dabble in the past Who is lonely when you talk too much? When I was a lonely teenager, I studied poetry, books, rites, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin, but I didn't read Yi. Since the reunification, the three provincial histories and various military books have considered it of great benefit. If it is two people, you will be enlightened and you will learn. Why not do it? Read The Art of War, Six Classics, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin and Three History. "... I have been studying since I was a child, and I am tireless in my determination. What I have seen is incomparable to old Confucianism. After a generation of Zhou Yu, Lu Su often wanted to be wronged. Su Daimeng said behind his back: "I am called Big Brother, but I am very sensitive to martial arts. As for today, I have knowledge and don't want to go back to Wu to Amon. "

Description: Wu Xia refers to Wu Dong. Amon refers to the Dongwu general Monroe. He was not knowledgeable enough, so Sun Quan advised him and Jiang Qin to read more military books and history books. Lv Meng's diligent study is of great benefit. Lu Su talked with him, but he was often refuted by Monroe. Lu Su said approvingly, You are no longer the old Wu Dong Amon. Later, he praised others as "Wu Xia Amon", which changed a lot and made obvious progress; Or the other way around. Modesty means that you have not made progress. Also known as "Amon Wu Xia". Jin Yuanmin's Reading Yu Xiong's Poems: "Wuxia Amon won't go to Japan, and the new article is about Jiuquan." Huang Qing Ren Jing's "Wen Zhi Ding Cun Mu You": "Amongwu is still the same, and he wants to go to church tomorrow."

Verb (abbreviation for verb) reason

1) Through Sun Quan, Lv Meng was advised to study. After studying, Lu Meng made great progress and told us that "opening books is beneficial".

2) Don't treat others with a fixed attitude, but treat others with an open mind.

3) Don't give up studying just because things are busy. It is beneficial to persist in learning.

Sixth, the teaching plan

Sun Quan advised Lv Meng to study.

Analysis of learning situation

I have mastered the ability of consulting reference books and using text notes to dredge simple classical Chinese keywords, and I need to further strengthen my ability to understand text content and ideological connotation.

Teaching objectives

1, knowledge and skills goal: master key words, and initially learn to appreciate simple classical Chinese as a whole;

2. Process and Method Objective: To guide students to gradually and deeply taste the characters' language and grasp their personalities;

3. Emotion, attitude and values: Through learning, we can understand the important role of reading in growth and get inspiration.

Teaching focus

Taste the language and experience the character.

Teaching strategy

Students read independently, discuss in cooperation, and be guided by teachers.

teaching process

Enter with the allusion of "Sima Guang smashed the jar"

Listen and read the text first, and dredge the words.

1. Listen to the text, make comments, underline the words you don't understand and communicate with your peers.

The past of calling the doctor

Discussion on talents and skills, Wu Xia Amon

Look at each other and make friends.

Second, clarify the plot and understand the meaning.

1. What story did the author tell? Persuade-study-discuss-make friends and leave.

Only when

Amon under Wu-→ scratched my face.

leave out

Third, reading, translating dialogue (deskmate is more suitable) and perceiving language.

Character dialogue (Lu Jing what? )-supplement Lu Lu badminton's comments (three allusions)-the purpose of the dialogue (successful side comparison)

trace (back) to the source of sth

3. Sun Quan's suggestion

Synchronous reading and translation

How to persuade? (Supplementary content of persuasion) Persuade when necessary, and then persuade them to "benefit"

Good or high (evaluate his persuasion level in one word)

Fourth, say something and feel the text.

1. Sun Quan advised Lv Meng to study, and the story of Lu Su's fear will certainly inspire us. Please tell me what you think of the person you feel the most:

Sun Quan: The wind of kings, the spirit of elders.

Lu Su: Respect knowledge and talents.

Monroe: Knowledge is power.

2. My opinion

Supplement: Wang Anshi and Sima Guang are officials in the same dynasty and have different political views, but they are strikingly similar in emphasizing good reading.

Viewpoint: (subtitle)

Fifth, talk about the author and feel the theme.

1. What does the author want to express when writing this article?

"In view of the past, there is money to rule the Tao"-Song Shenzong language, so it was named Zi Tongzhi Sword.

"Ruling the country by reading" (adding "healthy spirit, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, ruling the country and leveling the world")

2, back, don't.

Six: Postscript:

Hold up the whole sky above the child's head

-Wang Jianguo reflected on Sun Quan's "persuasion" in market practice teaching.

I heard that you can't find your way home without learning classical Chinese. In this way, when we teach classical Chinese, we take the students home.

But the road home always seems to be bumpy and tortuous. In retrospect, this class of "Sun Quan Persuasion" in Shilian No.1 Middle School always feels full of regret!

First, the taste is incomplete and the feeling is not clear. The general idea of the classroom is listening, reading, reading and understanding. However, as a guide in reading comprehension, although he has tried his best to conceive some methods such as dialogue translation at the same table, translation (expression) in his own language, commenting on the language style of characters, talking about the relationship between characters, talking about his own inspiration, thinking about the author's purpose of writing history and so on. My classmates gave me scattered ideas and even words. So the students seem to have tasted a little and felt a little emotional appeal, but I understand that they are all lovely students-they don't want to leave a bad impression in the eyes of a foreign teacher, and the teacher is full of praise for us. Only they can understand the confused taste.

Second, the criticism language is weak and the induction is not enough. There is a saying in Xue Ji: a gentleman teaches, is good at metaphor, guides painting, is strong and restrained, and is open and accessible. However, in teaching, the intensity of inspiration and enlightenment is obviously insufficient, and it is often suspected of "leading a gentleman into the urn" and forming a "teaching plan", especially at some critical moments, when the situation is not well guided, the opportunity to push teaching to a climax and students' thinking to a peak is missed. For example, when students talk about their impressions of Sun Quan, Monroe and Lu Su, they have different views. I also talked about my own views and wrote them on the blackboard-Sun Quan: the wind of kings, the spirit of elders; Lu Su: Respect knowledge and talents; Monroe: Knowledge is power. In addition to showing off their reading experience, they not only lack powerful comments to lead students to a deeper situation, but also feel that the characters in history are real, while the characters in literature (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) are processed, which obviously exposes their academic hegemony of "being the only one" and lacks respect for students' thinking, let alone care about it.

For another example, when reading Monroe's transformation from "Martial Arts Dream" to "Scratching My Face", I asked the students to think about my question-his transformation has a lot to do with a person. Who is he? The students said it was Sun Quan, so we went into Sun Quan's "good" advice. Now that I think about it, not to mention the low level and low level of this problem, there is no problem value, but the most prominent failure is that the problem orientation is single, which imprisons students' thinking. If it is replaced by-what makes him have such a big change? The space for students to think will be wider and deeper.

There must be countless shortcomings, and I think the most important ones are the above, which leads to the lack of thickness and depth of this course. Although it looks good and sounds good, it's not good.

In that case, what is the value of this lesson? I have to "search" with lanterns.

First, the thinking of the overall teaching of classical Chinese is well explored.

First of all, I take care of the overall relationship among teachers, texts, students and authors, design the overall classroom thinking of listening, reading, reading and understanding, and use the overall teaching strategies of students' reading, students' perception and experience, students' thinking and feelings, teachers' questions and teachers' choice of text links to build an overall dialogue platform for students' dialogue, students' dialogue with teachers and students' dialogue with text authors.

Second, we have a good grasp of the relationship between classical Chinese reading and life. Literature is a reflection of life, reading is an integral part of life, and reading is closely related to life. Therefore, we should establish the concept of lifelong study, not only taking care of other people's lives, but also paying attention to our own lives. To this end, I started my class with the allusion of "Sima Guang smashed a jar" that students have recognized, and the students cheered and were extremely excited; In the introduction, I used a key sentence: "Only those who are good at present are talents, not those under Wu and Amon!" "Three days in never say goodbye, is to treat each other more. Why can't big brother see things too late? " Repeated practice of reading should be said to be worth pondering; When class is over, I point the students' eyes to the back of the text. "When Sima Guang, a generation of wise politicians, wrote history, what was the significance of telling stories?" Let students pay attention to their own lives while taking care of the ancients-what good is reading for me?

For another example, I also combined the domain name and habits of "practicing the market" in my class, especially one named "A Qiang". He skillfully combined words, and encouraged him with "not practicing A Qiang" and expected the future, which may give him inexplicable joy, but it is estimated that other students feel more cordial.

As I said before, when we teach classical Chinese, we take our students home. Although the road is bumpy, it should be my or our Chinese teacher's eternal pursuit and exploration to build students' spiritual home with holistic reading and lead students to a happy life with life language, thus propping up the whole sky above children's heads.

I feel the same way when I suddenly think of a sentence. Recording it here gives me the right to reflect on the conclusion of teaching Sun Quan to persuade students-"Classical Chinese is an old man and a wise man, but it should be a lovely child image in front of students in class, because students are all children!"