Do you know the three great inventions mentioned by Bacon? Please tell me more about these three inventions and their great influence.

"These three things have changed the face of the world. The first one is words. The second is in the war. The third is in navigation. This has caused countless changes. This change is so great that no empire, no religious faction and no famous figure can produce more than these three inventions in the cause of mankind; Power and influence. "

-French thinking. bacon

Three inventions:

1, printing (movable type printing)-China

Bi Sheng's method is as follows: make a blank with the same specification from clay, engrave the reverse character at one end, the height of the character is as high as the thickness of the copper coin edge, and then harden it with fire to become a single clay movable type. In order to meet the needs of typesetting, when repeated in the same version, there are usually several or even dozens of commonly used words for use. If you encounter uncommon words, you can use them with the system if you are not prepared in advance. In order to facilitate the choice of words, the clay type is put in the wooden lattice according to rhyme, and a note is attached to indicate it. When typesetting, an iron plate with a frame is used as the base, and a layer of medicine made of turpentine, wax and paper scraps is coated on it, and then the required clay movable type is picked out one by one and arranged in the frame. After a frame is filled in, it becomes a version, and then it is baked with fire. When the medicine melts slightly, flatten the words with a flat plate, and after the medicine cools and solidifies, it becomes a version. When printing, just brush the ink on the plate, cover it with paper, and add some pressure. For continuous printing, two iron plates are used, one with a writing brush and the other with typesetting, and the two plates are used alternately. After printing, burn it with a torch, shake it gently with your hand, and the movable type will fall off the iron plate, and then put it back in the original wooden box according to the rhyme, and use it next time. Bi Sheng has also experimented with wood movable type printing, but it is not used in Bi Sheng because of uneven wood texture, difficult carving, deformation of wood movable type when it meets water and difficult to separate from chemicals. Bi Sheng's method of printing books in clay type will not be easy if only two or three books are printed. If you print hundreds of copies, the work efficiency will be extremely considerable, which will not only save a lot of manpower and material resources, but also greatly improve the printing speed and quality, which is much superior to block printing. Although modern letterpress printing is incomparable to movable type printing in Bi Sheng in Song Dynasty in terms of equipment and technical conditions, the basic principles and methods are exactly the same. The invention of movable type printing has made great contributions to human culture.

2, gunpowder-China

Inventor of gunpowder

Gunpowder was invented by ancient alchemists in China in the process of alchemy. Ge Hong, a famous alchemist in ancient China, once lived in Luoyang for a long time. Sun Simiao, a great medical scientist, lived in the early Tang Dynasty of Sui Dynasty and was born in Jingzhao Huayuan (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province). He has participated in hundreds of academic studies on Confucian classics and history, and has a good understanding of Taoist classics and Buddhist scriptures. He summed up the theory of clinical attack before the Tang Dynasty, collected prescriptions and acupuncture, and compiled books such as "Thousands of Gold Prescriptions" and "Thousands of Fang Yi", which made great contributions to medicine and was honored as the "King of Medicine" by later generations. He is not only a great physician, but also a famous alchemist, calling himself "Sun Zhenren". On the basis of summarizing the experience of previous alchemists, he collected the formulas of alchemists in Heluo area and Guanzhong area, and finally put forward a more effective formula of sulfur burning method. In a word, the invention and spread of gunpowder are inextricably linked with Sun Simiao.

3. Compass-China

Compass, also known as compass and compass, was widely used in navigation, aviation, surveying, exploration, travel, military and other aspects in ancient times, and was mostly used by the people to determine the orientation of the house base. A sundial, also known as a sundial, is a timer that measures time according to the shadow of the sun (moon). Both of them are outstanding scientific research achievements in ancient China, and the compass with them as the core orientation belongs to one of four great inventions of ancient china.

Wan 'an is only a small town about 4 kilometers away from Xiuning County, but Huizhou has always been known as "Little Xiuning County, Big Wan 'an Street". It should be said that this is largely due to the prominent reputation won by a small local object, that is, Wan 'an Compass.

After more than 600 years of historical changes, Wan 'an has now become the only handmade compass producing area in China. Compass masters who once enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad have long since passed away, but their skills have been handed down through different veins, interpreting a brand-new Huizhou culture in the inheritance and innovation of future generations.