How to improve English reading ability? Analytical ability? Writing ability?

English reading is a positive thinking process for readers to use their own language knowledge and background knowledge to read books. Cultivating and improving students' speaking, reading and writing abilities is the main line of English teaching in middle schools; It is a major task for middle school teachers to carry out quality education for students to master good reading methods and improve their reading comprehension. According to many years of English classroom teaching practice, the author makes the following analysis on how to improve students' reading comprehension ability:

First, let students understand the process of reading comprehension. Reading is a psychological and linguistic process of understanding and constructing written information. Understanding this process plays a decisive role in improving reading efficiency. This process can be divided into at least three levels:

1, literal understanding level: This level means that readers only understand the literal meaning of the article, and identify and recall the general idea, details, sequence of events, character characteristics, causality and so on.

2. Inferential understanding: This is the process that readers infer the meaning of the article, the general idea of the article, the sequence of events, the details and the characters between the lines according to the structure of the article.

3. Evaluative comprehension level: This is a process in which readers analyze and evaluate the merits of articles with their own reading experience and language ability. Such as evaluating the accuracy of information, the possibility of events and the credibility of proving facts.

The above three levels of reading comprehension help us to understand their relationship and function in the reading process. Literal understanding layer mainly depends on grammatical ability or language ability; The reasoning and understanding layer mainly focuses on reading skills and language ability; The evaluation and understanding layer is the process of integrating the views of readers and authors.

Secondly, introduce the methods to improve students' reading comprehension:

1, constantly expanding vocabulary. Language learning is the process of language knowledge accumulation. Asking students to accumulate vocabulary can lay a foundation for further study. The specific methods to enlarge vocabulary are as follows: ① Guess the meaning of new words through word formation. Common affixes include com-, im-, un-, dis- and suffixes, such as -or, -ist and -tion. At the same time, transformation method and synthesis method can also be used. This is a good way to enlarge vocabulary and improve reading comprehension. (2) Use the context to analyze the sentence structure, and guess the meaning with common sense, such as positional relationship, antonym relationship, causal relationship, etc. And guess the meaning of the article on the basis of understanding the sentences, so as to strengthen the reading comprehension ability. (3) Inductive method is used to group similar words together, such as words about money and finance, words about literature and sports.

2. Consolidate grammar knowledge. Grammar is the organizing law of language, and it is a rule about the change of word form and the formation of sentences. Master and use grammar knowledge, such as tense, voice, mood, clauses, etc. It will help to improve our reading comprehension.

3. Broaden knowledge and increase background knowledge. We should fully understand the reading materials, accurately use common sense and background knowledge to understand the information conveyed by the article, and use the knowledge in the reader's mind to digest and absorb the content of the article. If you don't understand the history, culture, politics, economy, religion, customs and other knowledge involved in the article, you can't really understand the connotation of the article, which leads to difficulties in understanding. Background knowledge includes astronomy, geography, customs, political history, culture and education, science and technology, traffic environment, biographies and so on. This knowledge requires students to be good at accumulating, constantly understand the situation of various countries, broaden the knowledge of language learning and increase their background knowledge in the daily process of learning English.

4. Be proficient in reading skills.

(1) Abandon the practice of reading the article first, then the question, and then the article, and adopt the method of reading the question first and then the article. Compared with the two, the latter not only spends less time reading articles, but also has more purpose and higher reading efficiency.

② Adopt the bottom-up reading method. Readers start with small units such as words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs, and understand their meanings first. Then connect them into an article and understand the meaning of the whole article.

(3) Adopt top-down method (top-down method). This method first uses readers' understanding of the theme and topic of the article to guess what the article will contain, and then proofreads the guessed content through their own reading.

Nowadays, readers combine two methods to understand the content of the text, which has become more and more popular. We might as well try it later.

(4) adopt browsing reading mode, that is, readers can quickly browse and pay for the title, so as to understand the general idea of the article and find out some important information in the article. The eyes usually don't read carefully, but quickly move from one end of the article to the other, understand the main idea of the article, and decide which is important and which is secondary. This way of reading makes readers not waste too much time, so as to find out useful content and understand the main idea of the article as soon as possible.

⑤ adopt scanning reading mode. That is, read the article quickly and find the information you need, such as looking up a number in the phone book and the meaning of a word in the dictionary. The key of this method is that the reader must know what he is looking for, rather than reading word for word. This method is suitable for readers to review articles, study articles, write papers, make grids and look up maps.

6 read carefully. This way requires readers to carefully and deeply analyze and study the words and expressions in the article. Readers are required to understand not only the literal meaning, but also the details of the article and the implied meaning of the article.

⑦ Use critical reading. That is, readers comment on the articles they read and put forward their own views. This requires readers to make full use of the cultural background knowledge of syntactic and logical articles and conduct in-depth and detailed research on the articles, so as to better state their views and opinions.

Third, correct students' bad reading habits and methods. Specific performance in:

1, Slow Reading Many students mistakenly think that the slower they read, the higher their understanding. However, psychological and psycholinguistic studies show that reading speed has little to do with comprehension rate. Moreover, experiments show that people who read fast have a better grasp of the general idea of the article than those who read slowly. At this time, teachers should guide students to change this concept. It is necessary to force students to read in a limited time regularly and improve their reading speed under the guidance of teachers.

2. Braille reading

This is a common phenomenon in reading. In order to make students pay attention, they often point to the words one by one with their fingers, pens and rulers. This habit not only slows down the reading speed, but also focuses students' attention on the lines of the page, so that students don't know what the theme of an article is after reading it. When reading, students should focus on what the author wants to clarify, not on the position of each word. In order to correct this bad habit, teachers should guide students to constantly remind themselves in their usual reading and refrain from using such tools. Through long-term training, this habit will be broken.

3. Sound reading

Reading aloud is a bad habit of some students when reading. Its main disadvantage is that students' reading speed is restricted by their speaking speed. Practice has proved that the normal silent reading speed of readers is twice as fast as their speaking speed. The main reason for this bad habit is the lack of systematic silent reading training, or the unfamiliar words in the article. To overcome this bad habit, teachers should always observe the vibration of students' lips, tongue, throat and vocal cords and do more speed reading training.

4. Telepathy

This is the most imperceptible form of reading aloud. When the mind is reading, parts of the human body, such as lips, tongue and vocal cords, are inactive. But deep down in the students' hearts, they pronounce clearly and listen to every word. This way of reading, words first become phonetic symbols and enter the brain, and then become word thinking, which is equivalent to going around a corner and slowing down the reading speed. The effective way to overcome mind-reading is to consciously let students read faster than the fastest speech speed, so that students have no time to pronounce every word well.

5. Eye movement

In the process of reading, some students pause their eyes every time they read a word, and the speed of reading does not depend on the speed of eye movement, but on how much information they capture when they stay, that is, the wider the viewing range, the faster the reading speed. Experiments show that people can recognize 20-29 letters at most at a time, and ordinary people can recognize about 4 words. To overcome this bad habit, we can recommend taking a meaning group as the visual amplitude, which can improve reading speed, help to understand articles and sentences and improve reading efficiency.

Step 6 review

This is the phenomenon that students go back to diplopia because they are not at ease with what they have read. Everyone has the possibility of diplopia, but students should be instructed to reduce the number of diplopia. Practice has proved that the more times you look back, the slower you read. To reduce review, one is to provide students with different levels of reading materials, so that they feel that the difficulty is moderate and establish reading confidence. Second, let students constantly remind themselves to overcome this bad habit.

7. Psychological translation

Psychological translation refers to students' understanding of reading materials in a non-English mode of thinking, that is, English → mother tongue → English, that is, students translate English into their mother tongue first, and then understand what they read through their mother tongue. In this process, there is an extra psychological translation process, which is a common problem when students learn a foreign language after mastering their mother tongue. Marx once said that an important way to learn a foreign language well is to forget your mother tongue before learning. To correct this problem, we should make students realize its harm and the importance of using English thinking mode (English → English) to understand what they read when reading English, and consciously overcome it in their usual reading.

8. Rely too much on reference books

In the process of reading, students frequently use reference books when they encounter words or phrases they don't understand, which not only affects the reading speed, but also makes the meaning of the article messy because of looking up the dictionary, which is not conducive to understanding information, increasing reading obstacles and reducing reading efficiency. The way to overcome this habit is to let students learn to guess, master the skills of guessing words, and use the skills of contextual meaning, word formation, synonyms, antonyms, definitions and explanations to get the meaning of words.

To sum up, English reading content is an important aspect of English learning. Knowing the correct reading strategies, mastering the correct reading methods and overcoming bad reading habits will help to improve reading comprehension and reading efficiency.

Wish you success!