As legends of the Northern Song Dynasty, what are the biggest similarities and shortcomings between Song Jiang and Bao Zheng? Why?

Song Jiang and Bao Zheng are legends of the Northern Song Dynasty? Are you kidding? Bao Zheng is really a legend. But Song Jiang is just a hugged anti-thief. How can anti-thieves be called legends? Song Jiang has never done anything earth-shattering in history. Here to remind you, don't treat novels as history. Like Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin is a novel story adapted from some historical figures. It's just a pleasure to watch after dinner. If the novel is regarded as history, that is the real joke.

Bao Zheng and Sung River have nothing in common. Comparing them is completely irrelevant. In my opinion, comparing Bao Zheng and Song Jiang together is a blasphemy against Bao Zheng. Bao Zheng's background is Hong Miao. He advocates strengthening the country and the army, and arming a powerful army to safeguard his own interests. Bao Zheng believes that never is a way to pay tribute. And very indecent. In the history, Bao Zheng was honest and clean, established the dynasty decisively, was independent of the powerful, was fair and wise, and dared to redress grievances for the people. Therefore, it is called "Bao Qingtian" and "Bao Gong", and the capital has a saying that "if you can't reach the union, Yamaraja will protect the old". This shows how deeply Bao Zheng is rooted in people's hearts. Bao Zheng devoted his whole life to the Song Dynasty, until Jia You died during his seven or five years of work.

Let's talk about Song Jiang. Many people remember Song Jiang as the image in the novel Water Margin. But in fact, Song Jiang really existed in history. When Shi Naian wrote the novel Water Margin, the hero Song Jiang was based on the real Song Jiang in history. Song Jiang was the leader of the rebel army during the Xuanhe period in the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty indulged in drinking and enjoying life. But the common people are starving thousands of miles away, and there is no way out. So in desperation, many people began to gather to rebel in an attempt to fight for a way out. At that time, Song Jiang drew a group of people to rebel in the water margin, and the momentum was quite spectacular.

Song Jiang in reality is very similar to Song Jiang in the novel Romance. The real Song Jiang is also a person who loves to make friends, and all his friends are Jianghu heroes. Plus Song Jiang likes to mind his own business, so he has a high prestige in his hometown. Later, in the Song Dynasty, exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees made the people have no choice. Song Jiang played it by ear and immediately called on everyone to rebel. At first, Song Jiang was not tempted. But later, with the help of his 36 brave Iliad, Sung River gradually gained prestige. After Song Jiang defeated the imperial army, Song Jiang's reputation spread widely.

Song Jiang led the rebel army to fight in the Song Dynasty. Even let the rulers of the Song Dynasty think that Song Jiang had threatened the Song Dynasty. At that time, civil uprisings were everywhere in the Song Dynasty. At this time, the Song Dynasty rulers thought of a strategy to drive away wolves, that is, to woo Sung River and let him deal with Fang La. Later, Song Huizong ordered Zhang Shuye to woo Song Jiang. After detailed planning, Zhang Shuye offered a large reward for the heads of Song Jiang and his gang. Then the design defeated Song Jiang. Song Jiang surrendered to the Song Dynasty out of his persistence in his own strength.

But Song Jiang's surrender is only a delaying tactic to save his strength. After wooing Song Jiang, the Song Dynasty began to reward Song Jiang and his gang in order to win people's hearts. After sung river, although also obey the suppression of Fang La group. But deep down, Song Jiang still has the opposite idea. So in the near future, Song Jiang betrayed the Song Dynasty at the right time and rallied against the Song Dynasty again. But Song Jiang's second uprising soon failed. In the fourth year of Xuanhe, Sung River was defeated and killed by Zhe Ke Cun, a general of the Song Dynasty.

All belong to the Song Dynasty.

First of all, Song Jiang and Bao Zheng can't compare. According to the values at that time, Song Jiang was just a robber! Although Bao Zheng was not a prime minister, he was also a court official named Ji Xiang's Three Secretaries, and an important official of the court. There is no comparison between the two men.

The biggest similarity between * * * is that they are all loyal to the Song Dynasty. This is the setting of Song Jiang in Water Margin. What is the intention behind the real Song Jiang? It's hard to say whether it is "curve saving the country". All we know is that there is no less surrender.

First of all, thank you for inviting me. Song Jiang and Bao Zheng had certain historical influence and political ambition in the Song Dynasty! They are both very talented! But both of them were rejected by the political ruling class of the current dynasty. This is because they all have the determination and ideal to change society and the ruling class. However, they are too self-sufficient in politics and have poor political viability, which leads to their failure to achieve good results in their political career and their failure to realize their political ideals! Efforts to change society and politics did not change the decline of the Song Dynasty!

I think we should know who these two people are first, then we can know their advantages and disadvantages, and finally we can see their disadvantages and know why!

Song Jiang: Song Jiang (1073- 1 124), the word Gong, alias Hu, timely rain, filial piety and black saburo, the protagonist in the classic Water Margin.

Song Jiang looks good, but he is short and dark, and he is nothing more than a person. Originally a guard in Yunxian County, Shandong Province, he fled for fear of sin because he killed my concubine privately. During this period, I made many heroes and joined Liangshan as a thief.

After the death of Classical, he succeeded Liangshan as the top spot and became the first Tiankui star among the 36 highest highest stars (gāng).

In December of the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19), Sung River assembled 36 people in the area north of the Yellow River under the jurisdiction of JD.COM East Road, and led his troops to attack Heshuo and JD.COM East Road (now Qingzhou, Shandong Province), and then moved to Qingzhou, qi zhou (now Jinan, Shandong Province) and Zhou Pu (now Juancheng North, Shandong Province), and successively fell. In December, Hou Meng of Bozhou, Huizong South suggested to surrender Sung River, but failed, so he ordered Zeng Xiaoyun, who was well known in Yinzhou, to lead an army to conquer it. Song Jiang went south from Qingzhou to Yizhou (now Linyi, Shandong). In the third year of Xuanhe (1 12 1), he captured the Huaiyang Army (now Suining, Jiangsu) and arrived in Haizhou (now Lianyungang, Jiangsu) by boat from Shuyang. In May, after Song Jiang led the people ashore, he was ambushed by Zhang Shuye, the magistrate of Haizhou, and the ship was burned. Song Jiang was defeated and captured, the uprising failed, and his whereabouts were unknown. Actually not missing, but Cai Jing, Tong Guan, Gao Qiu, the three treacherous court officials, killed Lu Junyi with mercury first, and then poisoned Song Jiang with poison mixed with royal wine medicine. When Song Jiang learned that he was poisoned, Li Kui jy would rebel, which would ruin his name of loyalty, so he invited Li Kui jy to drink the poisoned wine. After their death, Song Jiang gave Wu Yong and Hua Rongdao a dream. Wu Yong went to Guo erwa given to him by Sung River in his dream, saw their graves, and prepared to hang himself in a tree beside Sung River's grave. At this time, Huarong Road flew from the ship to Sung River's grave. When they were surprised, they all hanged themselves in the tree. Since then, I have written a letter to Song Jiang and others. Buried in Liao Erwa.

PS: General of Liangshan Army *** 108, five people stayed in the capital (including An Daoquan transferred back to Beijing in the battle), and Gongsun Sheng left before the war, that is, 102 people (excluding An Daoquan transferred back to Beijing in the battle) participated in the war. Fifty-nine people died, 10 people died due to illness, and 1 person died, resulting in a total of 70 deaths. Five others survived the battle, but left the army (1 of them became monks). Only 27 people returned to Beijing.

Specific introduction:

relevant information

Brief Introduction of Water Margin

Song Jiang, named Gong Ming, was the first person in the whole water margin and the leader of Liangshan Rebel Army. Song Jiang ranked first among the top 100 generals and ranked first among the top 36 stars in the highest day. Nicknamed Hu, also known as Timely Rain, is known as Xiaoyi Kursaburo. Short stature and dark complexion. Originally from Yasi, Yuncheng County, Shandong Province, he has always been brave, spending money like water, making friends, and is famous for his timely rain. Because of the jujube selling incident in Huangnigang's life-saving class, Song Jiang informed Classical of the news of loyalist He Qing's pursuit. Classical and others sent Liu Tang to send letters (invitation bags) and 120 gold as a reward. Unexpectedly, this letter fell into the hands of his concubine Yan Poxi. Helpless, Song Jiang was annoyed with Yan Poxi and sent him to Jiangzhou to meet Li Kui jy. But he was sentenced to death for writing an anti-poem in Xunyang Building. Thanks to the rescue of Liangshan heroes, Song Jiang was rescued in Liangshan in the execution ground and served as the lieutenant. Later, when attacking Zengtou City, Chao Gai was shot in the face by a poisonous arrow and died, so he took the top spot. Since then, the theme of Liangshan has changed from Juyitang to Loyalty Hall, and the number of leaders has increased to 108. They defeated Tong Guan, Gao Qiong and other places, captured Gao Taiwei alive, and Liangshan reached its peak. In the future, Song Jiang led many people to woo the court and won a great victory in the northern expedition to Liao, forcing the Liao master to surrender. During the single-handedly attacking the Fang La Uprising Army, more than half of Liangshan heroes were killed or injured. Although Fang La was finally captured alive, Song Jiang himself was poisoned by royal wine.

Looking forward to "Thirty-six People in Sung River"

-Talking about the Notes on the Exploration of Water Margin

This paper mainly studies the actual personnel and ranking order of thirty-six leaders below Song Jiang, and criticizes the feudal loyalty thoughts of the authors of Water Margin, Legacy of the Great Song Dynasty and A Brief Introduction to the East, which are advocating Song (Jiang), belittling Chao (Gai) and opposing corrupt officials but not the emperor. The main explanation here is Song Jiang, so I won't write all of them, just him. Song Gongkai ranked Song Jiang in the first place in the Preface of Song Jiang's Thirty-six Praises, and wrote his name on the topic as "Song Jiang's Thirty-six Praises". Actually put classical music in the 34th place. The reason is-before Song Jiang joined, Classical was the chief leader of the fake Juyi; After Song Jiang joined the partnership, he was only a second-in-command under Classical. However, why did Gong Kai praise Song Jiang so highly and belittle Classical? This is because Song Jiang named himself "Hu Baoyi" (meaning "Hu Qunbaoyi"). He did not oppose the emperor and called on everyone to remain loyal to him. He was loyal to the emperor and wholeheartedly hoped to win over and serve the court, so he did not "arrogantly" claim to be king; Classical claimed to be the "Iron King" and wanted to compete with the Emperor Dasong. Gong Kai, the author of Legacy of the Great Song Dynasty and Water Margin, has strong feudal orthodoxy, only opposing corrupt officials and not opposing the emperor, advocating loyalty to the emperor and maintaining the supreme rule of the emperor, so he highly praised Song Jiang and belittled classical Chinese.

There is a cloud in the seventy-first chapter of "The Legend of the Water Margin": "In the classical era, I was afraid of dying young for the king; However, Song Jiang is willing to call on the masses to protect righteousness and take the village as the head. Don't talk about meeting in the mountains, I prefer to look at the Langsi from a distance. "To tell the truth. Gong Kai also said: "I tried to do what Jiang did. Although I can't sell myself short, my knowledge is outstanding. The title is neither arrogant nor extravagant, and the name is just like that, but it still follows the track, although it can be recorded. In ancient times, it was called the thief saint, and it stood out because of its prevention. If you cross the river, you will be almost in danger. Although, the other side is integrated with the river, it is a thief who can't leave, and it is also a thief who is not ashamed. In case the world's chaotic ministers and thieves are afraid of the shadows and are happy, and their actions are close to each other, the disaster will not flow to the world. Oh! And his followers who meet saints, it's like a foot and a river? "The sage here refers to Fang La. In Shao's "Discrimination on Zhai Bo", he said: "La became a saint and changed to Yuan Yongle." Gong Kai was disgusted that Fang La claimed to be the emperor and changed his name to Yongle. He thinks that he is not as good as Song Jiang's "fame is neither extravagant nor extravagant, fame is neither arrogant nor impetuous, but he still follows suit". Gong praised "Hu Songjiang" and said: "It's true to be king, but Hu. Is it taboo to be crazy? "

He regarded Dong Zhuo and Fang La as "traitors and traitors" and could not understand the essential difference between Dong Zhuo and Fang La. The "king" of "king" refers to the emperor, not the "king" of "princes" below the emperor. He praised the cloud "Liu Tang is eight feet": "A general is short, so you call him Hou Wang. Aren't you a husband? Your legs are eight feet long? " It can be proved that "it is ok to call a marquis" and obey the emperor, but it can never be called an emperor, because the traditional thinking holds that there are no two kings in the country. Classical self-proclaimed "iron king", Gong Kai was dissatisfied with this. Therefore, in his evaluation of the "iron king", there is a phrase "stubborn iron casts you", which is linked with "stubborn iron" to belittle the classical stubbornness and reduce him from the first place to the thirty-fourth place.

Generally speaking, Song Jiang is one of the most important characters in Water Margin, and also the most complicated character in the novel, which is the most difficult to give a comprehensive evaluation. Some people say that Song Jiang is a well-deserved Liangshan hero. Some people say that he hid the knife in his brother's smile, which caused many Liangshan heroes to ruin. He kowtowed to the court and exchanged his brother's future for his official position, which finally led Liangshan to extinction.

Personality assessment

Jin Shengtan, a famous writer and literary critic in the early Qing Dynasty, had a special liking for Water Margin. He once commented on the Water Margin: "There is no article in the world about the Water Margin." In Jin Shengtan's eyes, "Water Margin" not only has the profound meaning of governing the country, but also has the meaning of being affectionate with children.

Misha Huailin's book "Rongyutang Engraving Water Margin" said, "If people are in Songjiang, they will worship and cry when they see people. He calls himself a petty official or a sinner. It's a false real robber, but it can clean up people's hearts, and it's not useless. At that time, if we took it as a stage, we could appoint a person, although we dared not fire a minister. " Jin Shengtan thinks that the author "hates Song Jiang's treachery". He thinks that "Song Jiang is purely using quantitative tricks to win people's hearts", so "Shi Qian and Song Jiang are the same kind of people" and "catch the exam" among the eight people in the list.

What are his strengths and weaknesses?

First, Sung River is a timely rain to help the poor.

Second, Song Jiang is a vicious and shameless person.

Speaking of Song Jiang's shamelessness, it is mainly reflected in two things: one is to let Qin Ming become an outlaw, and the other is to decide Hu Sanniang's life privately.

Third, Song Jiang is a cruel and tyrannical person.

Fourth, Song Jiang is a shrewd man.

Fifth, Song Jiang is an inferiority complex and extremely dissatisfied with reality.

Sixth, Song Jiang was a man loyal to the imperial court.

Although Song Jiang is extremely dissatisfied with reality, he is fundamentally a traditional scholar. As has been said in the article farce or drama, because he is a traditional scholar, he has been deeply influenced by Confucianism such as benevolence, filial piety, monarch, minister, father, son and son. Moreover, it has always been the highest ideal of scholars to learn to be an official. Therefore, Song Jiang, who has a strong loyalty complex, still has a great desire to return to his official career. In other words, his anti-Song is also a "curve to save the country", and he opposes Song for the sake of wooing, which is also the main reason why he accepted wooing after he became the leader of Liangshan.

To sum up, in a word, Song Jiang has six contradictory personality characteristics. Helping the poor is not only generous, but also unscrupulous and shameless in order to achieve its goals; It is full of loyalty, sometimes cruel and tyrannical, and hurts others without principle; Extremely inferior, dissatisfied with reality, but loyal to the court; He treats people kindly and affectedly, and he is very shrewd. Song Jiang's character is complex and multifaceted. The author said that Song Jiang "has a reversed personality and distorted human nature." In fact, the real greatness of Water Margin is that 108 is the protagonist 108 mirror, which reflects everyone's humanity.

Bao Zheng:

Bao Zheng (999- 1062 July 3), born in Hefei, Luzhou (now Feidong, Hefei, Anhui), was a famous official in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Tiansheng five years (1027), Bao Zheng Jinshi. Tired of supervising the empire, he suggested training soldiers, selecting generals and enriching the border reserves. He used to be the ambassador of the Third Division and the transshipment ambassador of JD.COM, Shaanxi and Hebei Road, and later entered the DPRK as the deputy ambassador of the Third Division, requesting the court to allow salt solution transactions. I know that when I suggested the court, I talked about illegal dignitaries as their agents many times. He was also awarded a bachelor's degree in Longtuge and a transfer ambassador in Hebei, transferred to Yingzhou and Yangzhou, and awarded the positions of Kaifeng Prefecture magistrate, imperial advisor, and three ambassadors. In the sixth year of Jiayou (106 1 year), he was promoted to the assistant envoy of the Tang Dynasty. As a former bachelor of Tianzhangge and Longtuge, he is known as the first of "Bao" and "Bao". In the seventh year of Jiayou (1062), Bao Zheng died at the age of 64. As a posthumous gift, Shi claimed to be, and was later called Su. There is also the "Bao Xiao Su Gong Memorial Hall" passed down from generation to generation. In May of the seventh year of Jiayou (1062), Bao Zheng was in the Privy Council and suddenly fell ill. [39] On the 24th of the same month (July 3rd), Bao Zheng died at the age of sixty-four. Renzong personally mourned and dropped out of school for one day [40]. A posthumous gift to the history of does, posthumous title "filial piety". )

Bao Zheng is honest, upright and upright, independent and powerful, fair and wise, and dares to redress grievances for the people. Therefore, he is called "Bao Qingtian" and "Bao Gong", and there is a saying in Beijing that "Yamaraja will protect its old age if it can't reach unity". Later generations regarded him as a deity, regarded him as the reincarnation of Kuixing [1], and was also called "Bao Qingtian" because of his black-faced image among the people.

Personality assessment

General comments

Bao Zheng is a famous official and an outstanding official representative in the history of China. He focused on production all his life, consolidated national defense, appointed people on their merits, and pleaded for the people with outstanding achievements. Bao Zheng's name has become a symbol of incorruptibility.

Bao Zheng is strict and upright, and hates petty officials for being selfish and mean, so as to be honest. Although he hated it very much, he never forgot to practice the principles of loyalty and forgiveness. He doesn't associate with people at will, he doesn't please people with sweet words, he doesn't have a personal letter at ordinary times, and he even cuts off friends and relatives. Despite his noble status, the clothes he wears, the tableware he uses and the food he eats are the same as when he was an ordinary person. He once wrote a family motto: "Sun Shi's descendants who have committed crimes are not allowed to be sent back to their own homes; After his death, he should not be buried in a big coffin. Those who don't follow me are not my descendants. Lift the stone and erect it on the east wall of the hall to inform future generations. " [49] At that time, people also called it "an awe-inspiring festival" and "a little white, smiling and humiliating people". Thus, Bao Zheng's character is almost stubborn, even inhuman. However, this is exactly where he is fundamentally different from some mediocre officials. [5]

Bao Zheng was strong and determined in the imperial court, so eunuchs were greatly restrained. Everyone who has heard of him is afraid of him. People compare Bao Zheng's smile to something as difficult as the clear water of the Yellow River. Children and women, who also know his reputation, call him "guaranteed". So people in the capital say, "Yan Luowang and old man Bao are the ones who secretly pay bribes, and it doesn't matter." According to the old rules, you can't file a lawsuit directly with the authorities. Bao Zheng opened the front door of the government office, and let the accuser come to the front to state the right and wrong, so the small officials dare not cheat. North Korean officials and powerful families built private gardens and pavilions and occupied Huimin River, thus blocking the river. Due to the flooding in the capital, Bao Zheng destroyed all the garden pavilions. Some people used land certificates to falsely report the number of their fields, but Bao Zheng strictly inspected them and impeached the fraudsters. [50]

Bao Zheng was loved for his achievements and conduct, so when the news of Bao Zheng's death came out, the ruling and opposition parties were shocked and the whole city mourned. "Jingshi officials and people are sad; I heard a sigh on the road. " The inscription of Kaifeng Prefecture in the Northern Song Dynasty, now in Kaifeng Museum, is engraved with the names and working years of 183 Kaifeng Prefecture Magistrates, but Bao Zheng's name has been worn away. It is said that this is because people often touch and name Bao Zheng because they worship him. Over time, the inscription has worn out. [5]

Bao Zheng enjoys a high reputation in the society, so people have widely read, idealized and artistically told his stories, and many anecdotes and legends have been derived. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were stories and operas about Bao Zheng, while in the Yuan Dynasty, there were a large number of Bao Gong dramas, such as Exploring Chen Zhou. Bao Zheng was appointed as the governor of Kaifeng with the title of straight bachelor of Longtuge (later mistaken for a university), and Bao Zheng was called Baolongtu. The novel "Three Heroes and Five Righteousness" (called "Dragon Map Public Security" in the storytelling circle) has become a well-known legend.

I won't go into details about his advantages and disadvantages about Bao Zheng here, because they are all in the text. Here I only explain one of his shortcomings-he is a loyal person to the court.

And this is exactly the same as Song Jiang's shortcomings. Look at this sentence, you must think what I said is wrong. How can this be a disadvantage? In fact, this is their biggest shortcoming, because it is because of Bao Zheng's foolish loyalty that the court in the Northern Song Dynasty has been abnormal. At first, Song Zhenzong and Song Renzong hoped to reorganize the imperial court, especially Song Renzong and his successors Song Yingzong and Song Shenzong. As a result, due to Bao Zheng's inaction in those years, Fan Zhongyan and Wang Anshi's later political reforms failed, and the Song Dynasty lost the opportunity to innovate and rectify state affairs again and again. In turn, the Northern Song Dynasty became weaker and weaker, and the superior emperor became less and less like the emperor (Song Shenzong's son was Song Zhezong, and he had no children, so his brother became Song Huizong, who was said to have been elected by the harem. It shouldn't have been his turn to be emperor, but there was a more suitable candidate in front of his brother, that is, Song Zhezong's brother Song Huizong's brother. By the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty had fallen into Song Huizong's internal and external diplomacy. The internal imperial court is already terminally ill, while the external Liao and Xixia countries, Dali and Xu Jin, as well as Xinxian and Khan, the former capital of the Yuan Dynasty, are all eyeing around. As a result, there even appeared a Song Jiang whose idea was similar to that of Bao Zheng in the early and late Northern Song Dynasty. Do you think it is possible for the Northern Song Dynasty not to die? A loyal Bao Zheng harmed the Northern Song Dynasty court for most of his life, but he didn't expect to meet another loyal person-Song Jiang for the rest of his life. Therefore, the hope of prosperity in the Northern Song Dynasty became more and more dim, which was the shame of Jingkang later!

You can't see a gentleman-like commendable figure. In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was still a murderer with no tomorrow. He made a bad start. After him, Song Jiang is a kindred spirit. Although his personality is not as good as his, he will finish the bad part. Really speechless! !