Joke Collection Website - Joke collection - The origin of the "parapet" in architecture

The origin of the "parapet" in architecture

The origin of the parapet'

The origin of the name of the parapet

An ancient mason was busy at work and had to take his young daughter with him. Around one day, while working on the roof, the little girl accidentally fell and died. The craftsman was heartbroken and built a low wall on the roof in order to prevent the tragedy from happening again. Later, people named it the "parapet".

The above is a joke.

The real origin:

Song Dynasty's "Building Fa Shi" - "It is said to be humble, compared to the city as a woman is to her husband", it is the upper part of the city wall.

Parapet is an architectural term, which refers to the low wall where the outer wall of a house is higher than the roof. We can often see it in the architecture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Attachment: A piece of news

Continuous rain has caused the parapet wall of the Ming Dynasty in Xi'an to be suspended in danger

Due to more than ten days of continuous rain, the Ming Dynasty City Wall in Xi'an is close to The 100-meter-long section that is not covered with bricks has wet soil or is sinking, and six or seven "parapets" are hanging in the air. The Xi'an cultural relics department took advantage of the fine weather on the 7th to carry out emergency protective treatment. The Xi'an City Wall was built in the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1370), with a total length of 13.7 kilometers. The four city gates in the east, west, south and north each have towers, arrow towers and gate towers for combat and defense. The entire city wall is majestic and majestic. It is the only fully preserved and largest ancient city wall in China so far. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Feng Guo

This is a nearly 20-meter-long "bare wall" without bricks in Xi'an's Ming City Wall. A large amount of soil fell off and a large section of the parapet was dangerously suspended (photographed on September 7)

There was no parapet on the roof of the rented house, and a woman fell to her death while drying her quilt

It was reported today that on December 4, a building in Hutun, Dongguan City, Zhengzhou City In a 5-story private house, a woman accidentally fell downstairs and died while drying her quilt on the roof.

There is no parapet on the roof

At 11 a.m. that day, the reporter went to the top floor of the house and saw that the roof was bare and there was no parapet. The distance between this private house and a building on the west side is only about 40 centimeters. Looking down from the top of the building, it is very scary. A wire for drying clothes was pulled from the edge of the roof. Nearby residents said that the woman who was drying her quilt fell from the wire.

Another tenant of the private house, Zhang, had been reading on the roof that morning. She said that at about 10 o'clock, she turned around and saw a woman in her 20s preparing to dry herself under the quilt. "There were a lot of my wet clothes hanging on the wire. In order to make it easier for her to dry the quilt, I moved the clothes to make some space. Then, I continued to read. I don't know when the woman drying the quilt disappeared. I didn’t hear any sound.”

I was frothing at the mouth and crying out cold

Later, in the emergency room of the Provincial People’s Hospital, the reporter met the husband of Pei, the woman who fell. Wang Xiuxi.

Wang Xiuxi said that their hometown was Hebi and they came to Zhengzhou to do business. At 10:40 a.m., when he came home, his 8-month-old son was crying on the bed. He thought his wife had gone out or sunbathing on the roof.

"She has always liked to bask in the quilt to keep it warm. There are no protective measures on the roof, and my wife has always been very careful. I never thought she would fall!" Wang Xiuxi's voice choked with sobs. He paused and said, "I heard from my neighbor on the street that my wife fell downstairs. I ran to the scene and saw that she was lying in a narrow alley with a quilt thrown next to her. Her arms and legs were probably broken. She was foaming at the mouth, and she told me that her whole body ached and she felt cold..."

At about 12 noon, Pei stopped breathing after resuscitation failed.

Who is responsible for her death?

Regarding Pei’s death after falling from a private house without any protective measures, the reporter consulted lawyer Xie Wenping from Henan Jin Xueyuan Law Firm.

She said that according to Article 6, paragraph 1, of the "Interpretations of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Personal Injury Compensation Cases": "Engaging in accommodation, catering, entertainment and other business activities or other social activities If a natural person, legal person or other organization fails to fulfill its safety and security obligations within reasonable limits, causing personal injury to others, and the person entitled to compensation requests that he bear corresponding liability for compensation, the people's court shall support the request.

"

She said: "The houses built by landlords in urban villages are mainly used for accommodation operations and should have basic facilities to ensure the safe living and use of renters. There were no protective safety measures on the roof, causing Pei to slip and fall from the roof to his death. The landlord should bear part of the compensation liability. ”

Historical Story of “Parallel Wall”

In ancient times, there was a story about Hua Mulan ‘joining the army in place of her father’. In the Qing Dynasty, there was also a legend about Hu Qiaoyun ‘building a wall in place of his father’. This wall ' is the 'parapet' of Desheng Gate in Shenyang City.

I remember that after King Nurhachi moved the capital from Liaoyang to Shenyang, he immediately issued an edict to expand the new capital, using the "Zhouyi Bagua". 'The city gates were increased from the original four to eight, and a tower was built on each gate, and 651 battlements were built around the city. Later, Nurhachi did not wait until the completion of the project. He gave up and returned to the west, and the city was continued to be built by his son Huang Daji of the Qing Dynasty.

What is strange is that the only one of the 651 crenellations is the Desheng Gate (Danan). The sixty crenellations on the city gate are one layer shorter than the crenellations on the other seven city gates. They are more than two inches shorter. What's going on? It turns out that Nurhachi thought the city wall was being built too slowly. Orders were made to arrest Ding Zengfu everywhere, and as a result, all the men within a hundred miles of Shengjing City were arrested and brought to build the city. Sixty miles south of the city, there was a father and his daughter. The father was in his sixties, old and frail, and his daughter Hu Qiaoyun had been bedridden for many years. She lost her mother in her early years, and she only depended on her father for daily life. She never complained, and she was one of the most filial girls in the world. A man went to repair the city. The father and daughter were stunned. The old man Hu had been ill for many years and his life was in danger, so how could he repair the city? What should they do if there was only one daughter, Qiaoyun, and no other men? Seeing her father sighing, Qiaoyun secretly made up her mind: to go to repair the city on her father's behalf. She solemnly entrusted her father to an enthusiastic neighbor for the time being, and disguised herself as a man, pretending to be the son of the Hu family. He resolutely joined the construction of the city and was assigned to the crenel on the Deshengmen Gate Tower to be responsible for plastering. At first, everyone did not have any doubts about this handsome young man, but they were surprised that he actually had a pair of eyes. A few days later, Qiaoyun thought of her father in the hospital bed while doing some dusting, and she felt uneasy and shed tears unconsciously. The supervisor who had been standing next to her noticed her. He had been observing her for a long time. Looking at her appearance and behavior, he felt more and more suspicious when she raised her head to wipe the sweat from her throat. When Qiao Yun's throat tightened, she felt more and more aware that she had to tell the truth about how she had disguised herself as a man. The supervisor quickly reported it to the director, and he quickly informed the emperor. He was very surprised and immediately praised her filial piety. But at the same time, Huang Taiji thought that it was unlucky for a woman to build a city, so he said to the director: "Remove a layer of bricks from the top of the sixty crenellations of Desheng Gate to make it shorter." The first floor is called the parapet. From then on, the name "parapet" became popular. People also made up a saying: "The crenels on the South Gate are shorter."