A ramble on a classical Chinese essay.

1. What is the translation of Miscellaneous Notes I (Han Yu) (you can choose two answers at most)?

Testimony to the defendant:

(Optional, within 40 words)

Chapter 2 12 of the official system translated by Qing Dynasty and Mei Zengliang.

Jiangning Fucheng ends in Lulongshan in the northwest. I tried to ask a small valley, and when I arrived, the locals didn't say anything. There is only one big bamboo covering the sky, and the roads are very different. The twists and turns are the same, the width is the same, and it is impossible to explore. When I heard the dog barking, I rushed to it, but I didn't see anyone.

After cooking five buckets of rice, I arrived at the temple and returned to Yuntang. The soil field is wide and comfortable, and the residents take Guangxi as their industry. There is a small grass path next to the temple, which comes out from the south and falls into a big valley. The four mountains are all big laurel trees, and they walk along the mountains. If it looks like a big bowl, it will be stored in the air, and coughing will not escape; Lonely and silent, but my ears are always full. Deep water accumulates and ends at the foot of the mountain.

From the temple to the Lulongshan, the pits and valleys there are long, like the shape of a well. Or, "Thirty-six Maoan, the land where seventy-two regiments floated, is a place to get rid of the old and avoid soldiers. "

At dusk, I climbed the mountain and returned to the city. Dark color accumulates, and moonlight is on it. Look down at the shadow, if the dragon rises and falls in the waves. Everyone said, "These bamboos cover the sky. The so-called small valley is close at hand. "

Fellow travelers: Uncle Hou Zhenting, Guan Jun Branch, Ma Jun Xiangfan, Ou Sheng Yue 'an, Di Nianqin, all six of them.

translate

Jiangning Fucheng is surrounded by Lu Longshan in the northwest. I have been to Panxiao Valley. When we got there, some locals said there was no such place. However, when you see all kinds of bamboo covering the sky, there are many detours, but the twists and turns are wide and narrow, but they are all the same, and there is no end in sight. Suddenly I heard a dog barking, so I rushed over, but no one was there.

After about five dou meters, I went to a temple called Guiyuntang. The earth yard is spacious and comfortable, and residents take planting osmanthus trees as their occupation. There is a small grass path next to the temple. When it extends to the south, it hangs down the Grand Canyon. The mountain is surrounded by big osmanthus trees. The hillside near the cliff looks like a big bowl facing the sky, and the cough can't be released. In the silence, there is always a buzzing sound in my ear. The accumulated water in the deep pool has been injected into the foot of the mountain.

From the temple to the north, to Lulongshan, the mountain is bumpy and bumpy, like a well stove. Some people say, "This is a place where the old people of the Ming Dynasty took refuge from fire. The so-called 36 Mao' an, 72 regiments should be here. "

In the evening, I climbed the mountain and returned to the city. At this time, the dusk is thick and the moonlight is everywhere. Looking down, I saw Chikage rippling like a ichthyosaur in the waves. People in the same trade all said, "This is a place where thousands of bamboos cover the sky! The so-called small valley is probably it. "

My uncle Hou Zhenting, my friends Guan Yizhi and Ma Xiangfan, my student Ou Yuean, my younger brother, and even my family of six.

Qing Gong Zizhen's Translation of Sick Plum House (Chapter 2 13 of Ancient Literature Review)

Longpan in Jiangning, Dengwei in Suzhou and Xixi in Hangzhou all produce plums. Or: Mei takes pleasure as beauty, while straightness leads to no posture; Take beauty as beauty, and the law has no scenery; Mei takes sparseness as beauty, while secrecy is stateless. Solid also. This literati painter, knowing what he meant, failed to write a letter to the big font in order to win the plum blossom in the world; You can't let the whole world straighten up, delete secrets, straighten up, and make money from plum blossoms and sick plum blossoms as their own businesses. Mei's passion, sparseness and melody are not greedy people, but she can put wisdom first. There is a painting of a scholar's loneliness, which openly accuses Mei, corrects her, raises her margins, deletes her secrets, kills her young branches, hoes her straightness, and suppresses her anger in order to pay more attention, while Mei in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are all sick. The disaster of literati painters is so fierce!

I bought 300 pots in advance, all of them were sick, and I didn't finish any pots. On the third day of crying, I vowed to heal it, make it straight and smooth, destroy its basin, bury it underground and untie its brown bondage; For five years, it will be restored. I am willing to be criticized for this kind of non-literati painter and set up a museum of sick plums for storage. Oh! Andrew gave him more leisure days and more idle fields to store Jiangning, Hangzhou and Suzhou.

2. What is the translation of essay 1 (Han Yu) (at most, you can choose two answers): (optional, within 40 words) "Mei Qing Zeng Liangyou Pan Xiaojigu" (chapter 2 12 of Wen Gu Guanluo) The concept of ancient prose ends in the translation of Jiangning Fucheng, and its northwest ends in Lulongshan.

I tried to ask a small valley, and when I arrived, the locals didn't say anything. There is only one big bamboo covering the sky, and the roads are very different. The twists and turns are the same, the width is the same, and it is impossible to explore.

When I heard the dog barking, I rushed to it, but I didn't see anyone. After cooking five buckets of rice, I arrived at the temple and returned to Yuntang.

The soil field is wide and comfortable, and the residents take Guangxi as their industry. There is a small grass path next to the temple, which comes out from the south and falls into a big valley.

The four mountains are all big laurel trees, and they walk along the mountains. If it looks like a big bowl, it will be stored in the air, and coughing will not escape; Lonely and silent, but my ears are always full.

Deep water accumulates and ends at the foot of the mountain. From the temple to the north, I arrived at Lulongshan, where there were potholes and long valleys, like the shape of a well.

Or, "Thirty-six Maoan, the land where seventy-two regiments floated, is a place to get rid of the old and avoid soldiers. "At dusk, I climbed the mountain and returned to the city.

Dark color accumulates, and moonlight is on it. Look down at the shadow, if the dragon rises and falls in the waves.

Everyone said, "These bamboos cover the sky. The so-called small valley is close at hand. "

Fellow travelers: Uncle Hou Zhenting, Guan Jun Branch, Ma Jun Xiangfan, Ou Sheng Yue 'an, Di Nianqin, all six of them. Jiangning Fucheng is surrounded by Lu Longshan in the northwest.

I have been to Panxiao Valley. When we got there, some locals said there was no such place. However, when you see all kinds of bamboo covering the sky, there are many detours, but the twists and turns are wide and narrow, but they are all the same, and there is no end for you to look for along the way. Suddenly I heard a dog barking, so I rushed over, but no one was there.

After about five dou meters, I went to a temple called Guiyuntang. The earth yard is spacious and comfortable, and residents take planting osmanthus trees as their occupation.

There is a small grass path next to the temple. When it extends to the south, it hangs down the Grand Canyon. The mountain is surrounded by big osmanthus trees. The hillside near the cliff looks like a big bowl facing the sky, and the cough can't be released. In the silence, there is always a buzzing sound in my ear.

The accumulated water in the deep pool has been injected into the foot of the mountain. From the temple to the north, to Lulongshan, the mountain is bumpy and bumpy, like a well stove.

Some people say, "This is the place where the old people in Ming Dynasty took refuge from fire. The so-called 36 Mao' an, 72 regiments should be here. "In the evening, I climbed the mountain and returned to the city.

At this time, the dusk is thick and the moonlight is everywhere. Looking down, I saw Chikage rippling like a ichthyosaur in the waves. People in the same trade all said, "This is a place where thousands of bamboos cover the sky! The so-called small valley is probably it. "

My uncle Hou Zhenting, my friends Guan Yi and Ma Xiangfan, my student Ou Yuean, my younger brother Nianqin, and even my six-person Qing Gong Zizhen's Sick Plum House (Chapter 2 13 of China Ancient Literature) have all produced plums. Or: Mei takes pleasure as beauty, while straightness leads to no posture; Take beauty as beauty, and the law has no scenery; Mei takes sparseness as beauty, while secrecy is stateless.

Solid also. This literati painter, knowing what he meant, failed to write a letter to the big font in order to win the plum blossom in the world; You can't let the whole world straighten up, delete secrets, straighten up, and make money from plum blossoms and sick plum blossoms as their own businesses.

Mei's passion, sparseness and melody are not greedy people, but she can put wisdom first. There is a painting of a scholar's loneliness, which openly accuses Mei, corrects her, raises her margins, deletes her secrets, kills her young branches, hoes her straightness, and suppresses her anger in order to pay more attention, while Mei in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are all sick.

The disaster of literati painters is so fierce! I bought 300 pots in advance, all of them were sick, and I didn't finish any pots. On the third day of crying, I vowed to heal it, make it straight and smooth, destroy its basin, bury it underground and untie its brown bondage; For five years, it will be restored.

I am willing to be criticized for this kind of non-literati painter and set up a museum of sick plums for storage. Oh! Andrew gave him more leisure days and more fields to store in Jiangning, Hangzhou and Suzhou.

3. Wu Shidao is clever and capable in classical Chinese (1283— 1344). Yuan Wuzhou Lanxi (now Zhejiang) was born. In the first year of Emperor Zhi, he was named a wizard of gaoyou county, and later transferred to Ningguo Road as a clerk. Move to Yin, Chizhou, Jiande County. Known as the teaching assistant of Guo Zi, seeking a doctorate. In order to teach a book about Zhu, he followed Xu Heng's method. Later, due to Ding's internal worries, he returned to his hometown to serve as a doctor and a doctor of rites, and finally returned to China. As a weak teacher, because I read Song Ruzhen's suicide note, I am determined to study for myself. Taste the quality of Xu Qian in the same county with respect and harmony, and humbly answer with a different purpose, thus creating a deep benefit. Generally speaking, his learning is to give full play to righteousness and reason and put aside heresy as the first task. He is the author of 20 volumes of Miscellaneous Notes on the Book of Changes, Notes on Hu Biography in the Spring and Autumn Period, Notes on the Warring States Policy, Records of Respect for Hometown and Selected Works.

Wu Shidao is intelligent and memorable, and his poems are beautiful. /kloc-at the age of 0/9, reciting Zhen's suicide note is dedicated to reason.

Study and study, trying to exclude other theories. Without Lu Xiang with Xu, he has close contacts with Liu Guan, Wu Lai and Xu Qian. He also made peace with Huang Cheng, Liu Guan and Wu Lai. In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (132 1), he was admitted to the examination of Jinshi. Grant Gaoyou County Cheng to preside over the construction of Cao Canal for good luck. Transfer Ningguo to record. During the drought, Li advised rich households to donate 3,700 stones to buy rice for sale at a fair price, and used the official reserve and stolen money of more than 38,400 ingots to help the victims, so that 300,000 people could survive, and the people praised his virtue. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he served as Yin in Jiande County, forcing him to quit the school field for 700 mu. Jiande lacks tea, but the tea tax is particularly heavy. After repeated statements, the tax on tea has been reduced. Because of his honesty, he was recommended as a teaching assistant in Guo Zi, and served as a doctor in Guo Zi in Yanzhou. All the students in the sixth hall thought that he had a teacher. Then consult a doctor. Working as a doctor, I finally got home. I have been in charge of Taoism all my life, and I am good at learning and rigorous in analysis in my later years.

work

Those who used the words and deeds of Lanxi past dynasties to study law for future generations wrote a record of their admiration for their hometown. He also wrote "after respecting the hometown" in the words and deeds of Jinhua County people. In addition, his works include Collation of Warring States Policy, Notes on the Book of Rites, Volume 20 and Appendix 1, Yi Za Shuo, Volume 6 of Shu Za Shuo, Volume 2 of Shi Za Shuo, Volume 12 of Hu Chuan Bian in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Lanxi Fang Shan Class Draft, all of which are in parallel with the world.

4. Han Yu's translation of miscellaneous notes 1 urgent ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ long notes.

A dragon's breath forms a cloud, just like a dragon. But the dragon, riding this cloud, can roam around in the vast space, approaching the sun and the moon, shielding its light, shaking off thunder and lightning, changing magically, and the rain falls on the earth, causing the valley to sink. This cloud is also amazing!

Cloud, it is the dragon's ability that makes it supernatural. As for the dragon soul, it is not the ability of the cloud that makes it like this. But the dragon can't show its spirit without clouds. You really can't lose the cloud on which you live. How strange it is that dragons depend on the clouds they create. The Book of Changes said, "Clouds follow dragons." So since it's called a dragon, there should be a cloud to follow!

5. The answer in classical Chinese Wang Qi built a city and Wang Qi built a city.

One day when the King of Qi came to Korea, it was called courtiers' Day: "Our country is among several powerful countries, and it struggled at the age of 1. Today, Dingzhuang will be transferred to build a big city. From the East China Sea to Jimo, through the big line, to Xuanyuan, Xiawuguan, wandering for four thousand miles, isolated from other countries. Wouldn't it be nice if Qin didn't spy on us and Chu stole from us, and Wei of South Korea didn't control our power? Today, although the people have worked hard to build cities, there is no danger of being invaded and defended in the future, which can be done forever. Who didn't follow my orders? Aiko to Japan: It's snowing heavily today. I'm heading for North Korea. Seeing people on the roadside, I staggered, looked up at the sky and sang songs. I blamed it and asked its reason. Answer:' I have to wait for the heavy snow, and I hope people can eat cheap wheat next year, so I will freeze to death this year.' Just like building a city today, people don't know who will enjoy eternity.

(Selected from Su Shi's Ai Zi Sui Bi, with the title added by the editor)

Note ① Backup: Go out and prepare for war. Support, scheduling and payment. ② Beat (b6): Fall. 3 waiting: adapt to the season.

16. The underlined part of the sentence is broken in three places, and the pause is separated by "/". (3 points)

Wouldn't it be nice if Qin didn't spy on our western Chu, steal our southern Wei state, and contain us?

17. Explain the words added in the next sentence. (4 points)

(1) years old, suffering () (2) Although I work very little ()

(3) And there will be no danger of invasion in the future () (4) I'm surprised ()

18. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (2 points)

Who didn't follow my orders?

Translation:

19. What does the author want to tell people through Aiko's words? (3 points)

A:

Reference answer:

16, so Qin can't spy on me, Xi/Chu can't steal me, and South/Han Wei can't control me, okay? (65438 +0 points for each place, ***3 points)

17, annual fatigue (toil) hidden danger (disaster) feels strange ... (65438 +0 for each word, ***4 for each word)

18, (ordinary people) heard that I gave this order, who wouldn't come to participate enthusiastically? (2 points. You can also use "response" instead of "participation". Score poof: make up the subject 1, Happy Day 1)

19, think about things. On the basis of considering long-term interests, we should also consider immediate interests and combine the two. (3 points. If it is written as "we must have lofty goals and proceed from reality in order to benefit the country and the people", it is also a perfect score; If it is written as "caring about the sufferings of ordinary people", only 1 minute)

6. Don't post the translation of Cui Shanjun's biography. If you can't find the four essays of Han Yu, do them by hand:

Author Tan Shi said in his Biography of Cui Shanjun that those who claim to live as long as cranes know that the past is ridiculous. But according to my observation, there are too few people who can be as human as possible and not like animals, and these people are cynical and live in seclusion. Why? In the past, some saints looked like cows, some looked like snakes, some had mouths like birds, and some were as square and ugly as Monto, but they were just similar to those wild animals in appearance, but they were completely different in essence. Can we say that they are not people? And some people have plump bodies, delicate and smooth skin, rosy cheeks like vermilion and extraordinary beauty. They look like people, but they are like animals in nature. Can we still call them people? Therefore, it is better to judge a person by his appearance than by his words and deeds. We Confucian disciples never believe in ghosts and gods, so I chose the cynical side from this story to express some feelings.

7. The classical Chinese landlord in Ai Zi's miscellanies is good! Paste the original text first, and then attach the translation explanation ~~ I hope it will be adopted as an answer ~ ~

Buy ducks and catch rabbits

This article is selected from Su Shi's Miscellaneous Essays on Sad Son, also known as Catching Duck and Rabbit.

Appreciation of China's Ancient Prose

In the past, some people would hunt without knowing storks, buy them and leave. The original rabbit rose up and threw it at him. If you can't fly, throw it on the ground, throw it again, throw it again. On the third or fourth day, the man suddenly faltered and said, "I am a duck." Killing and eating are my duties. Why do you want to add me to offset the pain of throwing? " The man said, "I call you a stork, and you can hunt rabbit ears." Is it a duck? " He raised his hand and smiled and said, "Look at my feet. Can I win him a rabbit?" (Selected from Miscellanies of Aiko)

Ancient Chinese translation

Once upon a time, a man went hunting, but he didn't know the stork. He bought a wild duck and went hunting in Yuan Ye. When vilen came out of the rabbit, he threw the wild duck out and let him attack the rabbit. Wild ducks can't fly and fall to the ground. He threw the wild duck out again and still fell to the ground. After repeating this for three or four times, the wild duck suddenly staggered up to the hunter and said to the hunter like a man, "I am a duck." It's my responsibility to kill me and eat it. How can I add the pain of littering to me? " The hunter said, "I thought you were a stork and could catch rabbits. So you are a duck?" The wild duck raised its paw to the man and said to him with a smile, "Look at my feet. Can you catch the rabbit? "

Word annotation

(1) Can hunt: Ready to hunt.

(2) Stork: A fierce bird used for hunting.

(3) Fu: Wild ducks.

(4) Original work: vilen.

(5) Throw it to attack: throw it to attack rabbits.

(6) throw: drop.

(7) stumble: describe the difficulty of walking.

(8) Human language: Speak like a human. Person: Nouns as adverbials.

This is my duty. It: refers to ducks.

(10) How to add me to offset the pain of throwing? How can you put the pain of throwing on me?

(1 1) Qi: That.

(12) Will: I thought of you.

(13) Yi: The usage is the same as "er".

(14) "hug".

On China's Ancient Prose

"Duck catches rabbit" is a joke based on the idiom "Rabbit rises and falls". In this paper, the anthropomorphic method is used to explain the truth of "making the best use of people and things" through a conversation with hunters. When selecting talents, we must avoid their shortcomings and use their strengths. Otherwise, just like the hunter described in this article, not only can't catch rabbits, but also the ducks are wasted.

The article describes the shape of a duck, which is humorous, interesting and vivid. The word "staggering" is used to describe the way ducks stagger when walking, which not only shows the physical characteristics of ducks, but also shows that they are not cut out for catching rabbits. The personification language of ducks is used to show that it is not used rationally, but it is eaten and thrown away, which is a little angry. When the duck knew that the hunter knew nothing about the stork and had no intention of making it suffer, he turned joy into joy, raised his generous palm and told a joke. The author satirizes the hunter in good faith through the humorous language of the duck.