How can I improve my oral communication ability?

the ability of oral expression refers to the ability to express one's thoughts and feelings by oral language, so as to achieve the purpose of communicating with others. In daily communication, people use oral language the most. Therefore, oral language plays a more direct and extensive communicative role than written language. As a way for people to exchange ideas and feelings, oral expression has the advantages of convenient application, quick response and high frequency of use. Modern society is a big cooperative society, people's communication and exchange are increasingly frequent, and with the diversification of information transmission means, oral communication ability becomes more and more important-oral communication plays an increasing role in communication, exchange and information transmission of modern people. Oral communication skills are always used in telephone communication, business negotiation, product introduction, self-introduction and recommendation. Although successful people may not all have good eloquence, those who have good eloquence are more likely to succeed. Oral communication ability is a kind of language ability that people can use for life based on society. Strengthening the training of oral communication ability and making oneself have a good eloquence is the most important thing in the cultivation of Chinese ability. First, the characteristics of oral communication: First, it is more direct and convenient. Oral communication is a kind of face-to-face communication. The speaker directly faces the listener, and his speech is more targeted, and he can always know the reaction of the recipient. Therefore, oral communication is more direct and convenient. At the same time, the speaker tells, observes and judges, listens to each other's conversation at any time, and makes corresponding answers very quickly, which can make the communication more in-depth and express the meaning more fully. Second, it is more infectious. Oral language is inspiring and easy to trigger the emotions of the recipient. Speakers can not only emphasize key words with tone and rhythm, but also express their ideas with expressions, gestures, gestures or action expressions. This enhances the situational and infectious nature of communication activities. Third, the requirement for thinking ability is higher. In the process of oral communication, the speaker's speech activities are all completed in an instant, and there is not enough time for repeated deliberation and revision. To achieve accurate words and unambiguous words, the speaker must be quick-thinking, quick-witted and accurate in judgment; We should be good at mobilizing all the accumulation of perceptual language, finding the right words in an instant, and accurately expressing our thoughts and feelings. Fourth, it is widely used and has high frequency. In daily life, oral language is the main tool for people to exchange ideas. As a normal person, you can not write or read in your life, but you can't help speaking or listening. Therefore, oral communication has a larger audience than written communication. Fifth, oral communication is a two-way communication activity. People who participate in communication not only listen carefully, but also take over the topic at the right time, talk about their own opinions and ideas, and exchange information and ideas in two-way interaction. Sixth, oral communication needs more comprehensive expression skills. Since it is face-to-face contact and communication, we need not only listening and speaking skills, but also the ability and accomplishment in dealing with others, behaving and talking, improvising and expressing feelings. The characteristics of oral communication determine that it must be composed of many factors, among which the main factors are: good language organization ability, agile thinking ability, proper manners and conversation, ability to deal with people, etc. These are the goals of oral communication training. Second, the basic requirements of oral communication The most basic requirements for oral communication are: words are reasonable, words are affectionate, words are meaningful, words are orderly, and words are literary. Speak Mandarin, make every effort to speak accurately and clearly, use proper intonation, pay attention to sentence pause, and control the speaking speed, so that the intonation and speaking speed of oral expression are natural and appropriate. At the same time, it should be vivid, vivid and lively, so that others are willing to listen. To sum up, there are mainly the following points: (1) Clear articulation. Speak Mandarin with a loud voice, clear articulation, correct pronunciation and articulation, coherent tone and clear expression. (2) The center is clear. Define the center of speech and speak around it; Good at grasping key concepts, opening topics with a clear aim and answering accurately and appropriately; Discuss problems logically and express opinions. (3) The level is clear. "Speaking" has a beginning and an end, with a clear purpose, prominent focus, clear and rigorous thinking, clear organization and distinct levels. In this way, it can be said in an orderly way, which is conducive to clarifying what you have seen and convincing the other party. (4) Sincere feelings. Speak naturally, gracefully and with expression. And handle the intonation, rhythm, tone, or passionate, or euphemistic, or humorous, sincere feelings. (5) Being able to listen carefully to other people's conversations, understand the main contents, and ask people for advice on what they don't understand, and discuss different opinions with people. (six) can clearly tell stories, and tell their feelings and thoughts. (seven) have the confidence to express, can express their opinions, and use language to impress people. (8) When talking with people, the attitude is natural and generous and polite. Third, several main factors affecting oral communication ability The strength of a person's oral communication ability is mainly determined by his thinking level, ideological accomplishment, knowledge base and language sensitivity. (1) Thinking ability "Language is directly related to thinking. It records and consolidates the results of people's thinking activities, cognitive activities, words and sentences composed of words, thus making it possible to exchange ideas in human society." (Stalin's Issues of Marxism and Linguistics, page 2, People's Publishing House, 1957) Without thinking, there would be no language generation and development; Without language, thinking activities will lose their foundation; Language is a tool of thinking, and the content and way of thinking are embodied through language. The development of thinking plays a positive role in the development of language. 1. Thinking ability determines the ability of language expression. The content of thinking is expressed through language, but the expressed content is determined by the content and form of thinking. Unexpected things will naturally not be said-thinking ability determines language ability. 2. The development of thinking promotes the development of language. The development of human thinking has gone through several main stages, such as direct behavioral thinking, concrete image thinking, abstract thinking and logical thinking, and the development of language is a direct reflection of these stages. The expression of word meaning, the formation of words, grammatical structure, etc. are all restricted by the development of thinking forms to varying degrees. People's thinking level or thinking form restricts his specific language expression and content. (2) Ideological cultivation is the core of language. Without ideological implication, language becomes a meaningless shell. Only a language with rich ideological connotations can truly be called an expressive language. Similarly, only with rich thoughts can people have strong language expression ability. Therefore, strengthening ideological cultivation is the most fundamental way to cultivate and improve oral English ability. (3) Language Intuition Ability In the process of oral communication, correctly understanding the meaning of the other party's words is the premise of sorting out one's own words, finding the starting point of conversation, quickly launching topics and improving the pertinence of words. Whether we correctly understand the meaning of the other person's words or accurately express our thoughts, we need good language intuition, that is, people's sense of language. What is a sense of language? Language sense is the overall intuition and comprehension ability of people at the moment of contact with language, and it is the ability of perceptual thinking and rational thinking to recognize and understand language in a very short time and accurately grasp it. Language perception begins with perception, and the whole process includes complex psychological factors such as perception, perception, memory, association and thinking. A keen perception of oral language and written symbols is the primary condition for language perception. The formation process of language sense is just as Lenin said: "People's practice has been repeated thousands of times, and it is fixed in a logical case in people's consciousness." After a long period of conscious or unconscious language practice, the meaning of words and phrases and the collocation rules of words are consolidated and accumulated in the form of "case" and stored in the brain to form a hidden language rule. Once the hidden rules of language in the brain are formed, when people re-accept verbal information, these hidden rules will play a "standard" role and quickly process and judge new verbal information. Therefore, people with a strong sense of language understand when they listen to others; Express your thoughts, and people will get the message when you say it; Read the article and understand it as soon as you read it; Write an article, write a thousand words, and follow the word sequence. Language sense can not only feel the form of language, but also gain insight into the connotation of language. (4) The formation of language ability with rich corpus accumulation has its own special law-the richer the perceptual accumulation of language, the faster the formation and improvement of language ability. Therefore, strengthening corpus accumulation is an important way to improve oral communicative competence. Corpus accumulation mainly includes the following aspects: First, vocabulary accumulation. Vocabulary is the building material of language, and it is poor. When speaking and writing articles, you often can't find the right words to express your meaning, so there will be the problem of words not expressing their meaning. If the vocabulary is rich, it will be handy to use, so that speaking and writing articles can not only express their meaning accurately and vividly, but also make the language more attractive. The second is the accumulation of proverbs, aphorisms and proverbs. Proverbs and proverbs express heavy thoughts in popular and simple language forms, which have the functions of enlightening people's minds, making people understand and inspiring people. Being good at using them in oral communication can not only enhance the expressive force of language, but also enhance the speaker's personal charm to a certain extent, so that communication can achieve ideal results. To use proverbs and proverbs skillfully and appropriately, we must strengthen the accumulation in this area. The third is the accumulation of classical language segments. In the process of oral communication, properly quoting classic passages can not only enrich the conversation and make it more convincing, but also enhance the personal charm of the speaker. If you tell others the truth of being a man, you might as well quote General Feng Yuxiang's message to Zhang Xueliang: "Be careful, be careful, learn from others, be patient when things happen, and live frugally;" Don't boast, don't lie, honesty, thick purity is fundamental. " The quotation of classic passages like this can greatly increase the charm of language. Therefore, in the usual reading, we should pay attention to consciously accumulating some classic paragraphs. (5) the ability to choose words and make sentences. The ability to speak and write is first manifested in the ability to choose words and make sentences. The ability to choose words and make sentences is strong, and the oral communication ability is strong. Therefore, in order to improve oral communication ability, we must strengthen the training of diction and sentence-making ability. Whether speaking or writing an article, the basic requirement for choosing words and making sentences is "accessibility". "Access" means "following the words in order", that is, words spoken or sentences written can accurately express their own meaning, others can understand it at a glance, and there will be no misunderstanding. That is to say, to strengthen the training of the ability to choose words and make sentences, one is to cultivate the ability to use words properly, and the other is to train the ability to write sentences fluently. Fourth, the basic skills of oral communication as the saying goes: "There are three words to say, and it is better to say it skillfully." To achieve the success of oral communication, we must pay attention to conversation skills. There are many kinds of conversation skills, and the most basic ones are as follows: (1) Speak frankly: "Good medicine tastes bitter and is good for illness, but advice when most unpleasant is good for action." When we give advice, exhortation, criticism and suggestions to others, we might as well speak frankly. As long as it comes from the heart, the truth can often be seen in the ordinary and get good results. (2) euphemistic circuitous euphemistic circuitous refers to avoiding the other party's positive psychological defense line, beating about the bush, from far to near, from there to here, so that the other party can accept your thoughts unconsciously. The president of a Japanese company encountered an extremely difficult business dispute, and he planned to let Mr. Zhang, a senior minister, handle it, fearing that Mr. Zhang would mistakenly think that he was demoted to use it. So, the president invited Mr. Zhang to his office, first introduced the thorny dispute, and then asked Mr. Zhang to recommend the right person to handle the matter. Mr. Zhang recommended several presidents in succession, but they were not satisfied. Then the president put forward several candidates inquiringly, and Mr. Zhang felt that they were all difficult to be the post. Finally, as expected by the president, Mr. Zhang offered to handle this business dispute by himself. This is the clever use of euphemism. The president did not simply give orders by virtue of his power, but started with emphasizing the importance of his work and the incompetence of other subordinates, and expressed his trust and affirmation of Mr. Zhang's ability diplomatically, so that he volunteered and took on the job automatically. (3) Move with emotion and understand with reason. In many cases, oral communication is to reason with others, which requires the speaker to be reasonable first, and then explain the truth to others. Moreover, in the process of oral communication, the power of emotion can not be ignored. Persuading others will cause some psychological pressure to the other party more or less, thus causing the other party to have resistance such as indifference and disgust. Therefore, only "reason" may not be convincing, but it needs to be supplemented by "emotion", which can make the other person feel self-esteem, balance the other person's psychology, and narrow the emotional distance with the other person, so that the emotion can be understood and then the truth can be reached. People are not grass and trees, and they can often dispel the opposing emotions. Those who are good at speaking always mobilize all the emotional factors that are conducive to persuading the other party, or make speeches or earnestly, and use their true feelings and heartfelt words to influence the other party to accept their own views. Touching the Dragon and Saying Empress Zhao in the Warring States Policy is a classic example. (4) Let the facts speak. In oral communication, we often try our best to convince others, and the best way to convince others is to let the facts speak. Let the facts speak for themselves, that is, in the process of oral communication, cite the facts recognized and irrefutable by the other party to convince the other party. (5) Metaphor has the function of explaining things in a simple way and simplifying things. In the process of oral communication, the way of metaphor reasoning can make the abstract truth concrete, clear and simple, so that people can understand it as soon as they listen. During the Warring States Period, someone said to Liang Huiwang, "Hui Shi loves metaphors. If he is restricted, he will say that he is unreasonable." One day, King Hui of Liang said to Hui Shi, "Please speak directly from now on, without metaphor." Hui Shi replied with a smile: "If someone doesn't know what a bomb is, and I explain that the shape of a bomb is like a bomb, can he understand it?" King Hui said, "How can you understand that?" Hui Shi said: "If I tell him that the shape of the bomb is like a bow, it is only made of bamboo pieces as bow beams and silk ropes as bow strings. What will happen if you say this? " Liang Huiwang: "Of course I will understand." Hui Shi said, "It's an art to use what people know to trigger the unknown. How can we abandon it when we have art in hand?" Liang Huiwang nodded in agreement. (6) Playing hard to get means not rushing to express different views on the other party's views or behaviors first, but first agreeing with some subordinate views of the other party, so that the other party loses psychological vigilance and resistance, and then, the conversation turns sharply and points to the mistakes of the other party's views, so that it can agree with its own views. V. How to improve oral communication ability (1) Cultivate good listening habits Oral communication is a two-way communication activity. You can't simply instill your own thoughts into others, but you should also learn to actively listen to each other's conversations. Speaking is an art, and listening is an art in art. Listening is a kind of respect, respect, understanding and piety to others, and it is the most precious gift to friends. Listening is the acceptance of the heart, the transmission of love, and sincere feelings are dedicated in peace. Listening is the tranquility of the wise, just like lush autumn, and deep thoughts are harvested in silence. We don't have to complain that we are not good at words. As long as we listen carefully, we will win friendship and respect. Nothing in communication can help you gain more effectively than being an audience.